FOOD week 6-1 Biochemistry and Physiology of Fruits and Vegetables
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Questions and Answers

Which country supplies most of the domestic demand for fruits and vegetables in Australia?

  • New Zealand
  • United States
  • Australia (correct)
  • China
  • What is the goal of the AUSVEG HIA strategy paper 2017?

  • To increase fruit and vegetable exports by 40% by 2020 (correct)
  • To develop a sustainable horticulture industry in Australia
  • To improve the quality of fruits and vegetables in Australia
  • To address the factors affecting the quality of fruits and vegetables
  • Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting the quality of fruits and vegetables?

  • Postharvest storage temperature
  • Consumer demand (correct)
  • Transportation packaging
  • Preharvest genetic factors
  • What is the Horticulture Sustainability Goal in relation to Australian-grown horticultural produce?

    <p>To improve the quality of Australian-grown horticultural produce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of understanding the processes affecting the quality and shelf life of fruits and vegetables?

    <p>To manage and maintain the quality of fruits and vegetables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of metabolic reactions require energy input from reduced nucleotides such as ATP and NADPH?

    <p>Anabolic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reactions release energy as kinetic energy?

    <p>Catabolic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process traps energy into potential energy bound up in reduced sugars?

    <p>Photosynthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of fruits and vegetables has a key role in texture and viscosity of products?

    <p>Pectin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to pectin during ripening and softening processes?

    <p>It breaks down into long chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which polysaccharide forms the framework of microfibrils in cell walls?

    <p>Cellulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What proportion of the polysaccharides in fruits and vegetables is cellulose?

    <p>1/3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor affecting the quality of fruits and vegetables?

    <p>Type of soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Horticulture Sustainability Goal in relation to Australian-grown horticultural produce?

    <p>To reduce post-harvest losses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is the major contributor to flavor in fruits and vegetables?

    <p>Sucrose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the plant stores starch in large quantities?

    <p>Bulbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does TSS stand for in the context of fruit maturity testing?

    <p>Total Sugar Solids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main transport sugar around the plant?

    <p>Sucrose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of soluble solids in many fruits is water soluble?

    <p>More than 40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substrates can be degraded to release CO2, H2O, ATP, and heat through respiration?

    <p>Sugars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the absence of oxygen, which of the following substances can be produced during respiration?

    <p>Ethanol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tissue has the highest respiration rate?

    <p>Flower bud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a developing organ with a high respiration rate?

    <p>Immature fruit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of tissue has the lowest respiration rate?

    <p>Storage organ</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the respiration rate of perishable produce at different temperatures?

    <p>Respiration rate increases as temperature rises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does low oxygen have on the respiration rate of perishable produce?

    <p>Low oxygen decreases respiration rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does high carbon dioxide have on the respiration rate of perishable produce?

    <p>High carbon dioxide decreases respiration rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of controlled atmosphere (CA) storage for perishable produce?

    <p>To decrease respiration rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does mechanical damage have on the respiration rate of perishable produce?

    <p>Mechanical damage increases respiration rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for the characteristic rise in respiration rate during fruit ripening?

    <p>Ethylene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the increase in respiration rate and CO2 production during fruit ripening?

    <p>Climacteric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are fruits classified based on their response to ethylene?

    <p>Climacteric or non-climacteric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fruits is classified as climacteric?

    <p>Kiwi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fruits is classified as non-climacteric?

    <p>Grape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fruits is classified as both climacteric and non-climacteric?

    <p>Avocado</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following changes occur during the ripening process of fruits?

    <p>Increase in color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that determines the shelf-life and storability of harvested fruits?

    <p>Respiration rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors affects the respiration rate of harvested fruits?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the respiration rate of a harvested product and its deterioration?

    <p>Higher respiration rate leads to faster deterioration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of reducing the respiration rate of harvested fruits?

    <p>To extend their shelf-life</p> Signup and view all the answers

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