Frog Urogenital System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

The frog's heart contains how many chambers?

  • 1
  • 3 (correct)
  • 2
  • 4

What is the function of a frog's heart?

The heart pumps blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removing carbon dioxide and waste products.

The frog's circulatory system is an open system, where blood directly bathes the tissues.

False (B)

Which of the following is NOT a function of the frog's muscular system?

<p>Regulating blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the frog's skeletal system?

<p>The frog's skeletal system provides support, protection, and allows movement. It also contributes to mineral storage and blood cell production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the first vertebra in a frog?

<p>Atlas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main divisions of the frog's nervous system?

<p>The two main divisions are the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the frog's digestive system?

<p>To break down food into smaller molecules (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the frog's urogenital system?

<p>The urogenital system encompasses both the urinary and reproductive systems. It's responsible for removing waste products from the body through the kidneys and bladder, and for producing and releasing gametes for reproduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the opening in the frog where waste products, urine, eggs, and sperm are released?

<p>Cloaca (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Frogs can breathe through their skin.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the respiratory organ in a frog?

<p>Lung</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do frogs determine the sex of another frog?

<p>By examining the thumb pads (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ureter

Tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.

Kidney function

Filters blood and produces urine.

Urinary Bladder

Stores urine before excretion.

Cloaca

Common opening for excretory, reproductive, and digestive systems in some animals.

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Testes

Male reproductive organs that produce sperm.

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Vasa efferentia

Small tubes that carry sperm from testes to the urinogenital duct.

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Ovaries

Female reproductive organs that produce eggs.

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Oviduct

Tube that carries eggs from the ovary to the uterus.

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Uterus

Organ where the embryo develops.

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Cardiovascular System

System responsible for transporting blood, nutrients, and gases throughout the body.

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Blood Vessels

Tubular structures that carry blood.

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Heart

Muscular organ that pumps blood.

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Blood

Fluid that carries oxygen, nutrients, and hormones throughout the body.

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Anterior Vena Cava

Large vein carrying blood from the anterior part of the body to the heart.

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Posterior Vena Cava

Large vein carrying blood from the posterior part of the body to the heart.

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Sinus Venosus

Receives blood from vena cava.

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Atrium

Heart chamber that receives blood.

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Ventricle

Heart chamber that pumps blood.

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Pulmonary Artery

Carries deoxygenated blood to lungs.

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Pulmonary Veins

Carry oxygenated blood from lungs to heart.

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Truncus Arteriosus

Large artery carrying blood away from the heart.

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Axial Skeleton

The central part of the skeleton, including the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.

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Appendicular Skeleton

The bones of the limbs and their attachments to the axial skeleton.

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Skull

The bony framework of the head, protecting the brain and housing sensory organs.

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Hyoid Bone

A U-shaped bone in the neck, supporting the tongue and involved in swallowing.

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Vertebral Column

A series of bones (vertebrae) that form the backbone, providing support and flexibility.

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Thoracic Cage

The bony structure made up of ribs and sternum, protecting vital organs.

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Pectoral Girdle

The shoulder bones (scapula and clavicle), attaching the upper limbs to the axial skeleton.

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Pelvic Girdle

The hip bones (illium, ischium, pubis), attaching the lower limbs to the axial skeleton.

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Upper Limb

Bones of the arm, forearm, and hand.

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Lower Limb

Bones of the thigh, leg, and foot.

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Foramen Magnum

The large opening at the base of the skull where the spinal cord connects to the brain.

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Occipital Condyles

Rounded projections on the occipital bone that articulate with the first vertebra (atlas).

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Nasal Bones

Two small bones forming the bridge of the nose.

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Frontoparietals

The large flat bones that form the top and front of the skull.

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Premaxillae

Bones forming the front part of the upper jaw.

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Maxillae

Main bones of the upper jaw, holding the upper teeth.

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Quadratojugals

Bones forming the lower part of the cheek.

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Vomers

Thin bones forming the roof of the mouth behind the premaxilla.

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Palatines

Bones forming the back part of the roof of the mouth.

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Parasphenoid

Bone forming the floor of the skull.

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Otic Capsule

Bony enclosure that surrounds the inner ear.

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Vertebra

A single bone in the vertebral column, characterized by a central body (centrum) and a neural spine.

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Neural Spine

The projection on top of a vertebra, providing attachment for muscles.

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Transverse Process

Projections extending sideways from the vertebra, providing attachment for muscles and ribs.

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Centrum

The main body of a vertebra, providing support and weight-bearing.

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Atlas

The first vertebra, which supports the skull.

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Urostyle

A single bone that replaces several caudal vertebrae in frogs and salamanders.

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Sacral Vertebra

The vertebra that connects to the pelvic girdle.

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Episternum

A bone in the pectoral girdle, located at the front of the chest.

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Omosternum

A bone in the pectoral girdle, located behind the episternum.

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Clavicle

The collar bone, connecting the shoulder to the sternum.

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Scapula

The shoulder blade, providing attachment for muscles.

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Glenoid Fossa

A socket on the scapula where the humerus (upper arm bone) fits.

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Radio-Ulna

The two bones of the forearm.

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Carpals

The bones in the wrist.

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Metacarpals

The bones of the hand, connecting the carpals to the phalanges.

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Phalanges

The bones of the fingers.

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Tibio-Fibula

The two bones of the lower leg.

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Tarsals

The bones in the ankle.

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Acetabulum

The socket in the hip bone (pelvis) where the femur (thigh bone) fits.

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Study Notes

Frog's Urogenital System

  • The urogenital system is a combination of the urinary and reproductive systems
  • Both male and female frogs have a common opening for both systems, called the cloaca
  • The objectives of studying the frog's urogenital system are identifying the organs, tracing the pathway of urine, and identifying the egg and sperm cells

Urinary System

  • The kidney is composed of nephrons that remove metabolic wastes from the body and regulate the amount of ions
  • Mesonephric ducts are part of the urinary system
  • Urine collects and is stored in the urinary bladder until released
  • Urine flows from the kidney to the urinary bladder via the ureter

Reproductive System

  • The male reproductive system includes the testes, located on the ventral surface of the kidneys
  • Sperm are the male sex cells or gametes
  • The female reproductive system includes the ovaries, which are paired structures on the ventral wall of the kidneys
  • Oviducts transport the eggs from the ovaries to the cloaca

Cardiovascular System

  • The cardiovascular system in frogs has a three-chambered heart, divided into two atria and one ventricle
  • Blood vessels include arteries and veins, carrying oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
  • The heart's function is to transport nutrients, gases, waste, and hormones, protect the body from infection and blood loss, and regulate body temperature

Nervous System

  • The frog's nervous system includes the brain and the spinal cord, which are connected through the medulla oblongata
  • The brain consists of parts such as the forebrain (cerebrum and diencephalon), midbrain, and hindbrain (cerebellum, and the medulla oblongata)
  • The spinal cord links the brain to most parts of the body, including the olfactory lobe (associated with smell), which is part of the frog's brain
  • The ventricles are cavities inside the brain and spinal cord filled with cerebrospinal fluid

External Anatomy of Frog

  • The frog has external nares (nostrils), an eye, a tympanic membrane (eardrum), forelimbs (with digits and a webbed foot), and hindlimbs (with digits and a webbed foot)
  • A frog's skin is important in respiration
  • There are distinct external features for identifying male and female frogs (e.g., enlarged thumb pads)

Internal Anatomy of Frog's Head

  • The internal parts of the mouth include the tongue, vomerine teeth, maxillary teeth, eustachian tube opening, gullet, and glottis.
  • The glottis connects the mouth to the respiratory system
  • Internal nares are openings in the roof of the mouth, connecting to the nasal cavities
  • Structures in the head aid in catching prey and allow for respiration.

Incision Guide for Frogs

  • Diagrams illustrate standard dissection incisions for frogs. The incisions are for safely removing body coverings to examine internal structures and organs

Dissecting Video

  • Instructions for dissecting frogs, showing procedures and precautions

Muscle System of Frog

  • Frog muscles include various types such as skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles with specific functions and locations.
  • Different muscle types and their functions, including examples, are described. (e.g., Skeletal muscles for body movement)
  • Diagrams and descriptions are given for the identification of muscles.

Frog's Skeletal System

  • The skeletal system includes an axial skeleton (skull, hyoid bone, vertebral column, and thoracic cage) and an appendicular skeleton (pectoral girdles, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, and lower limbs).
  • The bones provide support, protect internal organs, and enable movement.
  • Detailed information is given on different parts of the skeleton including descriptions of bones of the forelimbs and hindlimbs.

Frog's Digestive System

  • This system includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, and other accessory organs
  • The system's overall function is related to food processing in frogs
  • Internal anatomy details and diagrams are present illustrating the placement of various vital organs involved in digestion.

Frog's Respiratory System

  • The frog's respiratory system involves the nose, glottis, trachea, lungs, and other structures
  • The system facilitates gas exchange and air intake
  • Breathing organs are present within the chest and throat regions providing details on function and structure.

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Related Documents

Frog Anatomy and Physiology PDF
Frog Skeletal and Muscular System PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the frog's urogenital system, which combines both urinary and reproductive functions. Learn about the anatomy and pathways involved in urine and reproductive cell processes. This quiz covers the key organs and their functionalities in frogs.

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