Fries' The Structure of English Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Who wrote one of the most popular Latin grammars in English in the first half of the 16th century?

William Lily

Who wrote the first English grammar in 1585?

William Bullokar

How many cases of nouns were there in William Bullokar's grammar?

5 cases

When did the term 'grammar' in English start being applied to the study of Latin?

<p>Until the 17th century</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the precursor of the earliest English grammars?

<p>Lily’s 'Latin Grammar'</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which period can the history of English grammars be divided?

<p>The age of prescientific grammar</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two aspects of language mentioned in the text?

<p>The system of language and speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the linguistic sign consist of?

<p>The linguistic sign consists of form and meaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which linguistic schools further developed the ideas presented in the text?

<p>The Prague School, the Copenhagen School, and the American School</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the key figures in the Prague School?

<p>Mathesius, Trnka, Trubetzkoy, Jakobson, and others</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main contribution of the Prague School to modern linguistics?

<p>The technique for determining the units of the phonological level of language</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental work of L. Bloomfield mentioned in the text?

<p>&quot;Language&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the grammar book written by Lindley Murray in New York?

<p>English Grammar Adapted to the Different Classes of Learners</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the author of the grammar book 'A New English Grammar, Logical and Historical'?

<p>H. Sweet</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of grammar was developed in the 1950s and was popular for about 40 years?

<p>Structural grammar</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who were the first linguists to speak of language as a system or a structure of smaller systems?

<p>Beaudouin de Courtenay and Ferdinand de Saussure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of grammar has been gaining popularity since the 1980s and systematically relates grammatical structures to meanings, uses, and situations of communication?

<p>Communicative grammar</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the title of the influential grammar book written by R. Lowth and first published in 1762 in London?

<p>Short Introduction to English Grammar</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Fries in his book 'The Structure of English', what are the classes of words used in the sentence, their formal devices, and their positions responsible for?

<p>Signaling the structural meaning of the sentence and its parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main contribution of the American Descriptive School to modern linguistics?

<p>The development of the techniques of linguistic analysis, such as the Distributional method and the IC-method</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two levels of syntactic structure stipulated by Transformational-Generative Grammar developed by N. Chomsky?

<p>Deep structure and surface structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three constituent parts of language?

<p>The phonological system, the lexical system, the grammatical system</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main branches of linguistics dealing with the main linguistic units?

<p>Phonetics (phonology), lexicology, and grammar</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does morphology, as a part of grammar, treat?

<p>The forms of words</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four main types of notional syntagmas identified in the sentence 'The small lady listened to me attentively'?

<ol> <li>Predicative syntagma — The lady listened; 2) Objective syntagma — listened to me; 3) Attributive syntagma — The small lady; 4) Adverbial syntagma — listened attentively</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is morphology a part of?

<p>Grammar</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main parts of the course of Modern English morphology?

<ol> <li>Essentials of morphology, 2) The system of parts of speech, 3) The study of each part of speech in terms of its grammatical categories and syntactic functions</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the chief notions of morphology?

<p>The grammatical category, the word, and the morpheme</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to show that the absence of a morpheme indicates a certain grammatical meaning?

<p>Zero-exponent</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of word-form derivation in Modern English?

<p>Synthetic types and analytical types</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the categorial meaning of a noun?

<p>thingness or substance</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Aristotle, which three parts of speech did he distinguish?

<p>nouns, verbs, and connectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of adjectives mentioned in the text?

<p>qualitative and relative adjectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the changeable forms of the verb?

<p>person, number, tense, aspect, voice, and mood</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the categorial meaning of adverbs?

<p>secondary property</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the only common feature that unites the different groups of English pronouns?

<p>categorial meaning of indication (deixis)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main parts of speech in English according to the traditional grammars?

<p>noun, pronoun, adjective, verb, adverb, preposition, conjunction, interjection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the complete lists of notional and functional words mentioned in the modern classifications?

<p>Notional words: nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, pronouns, numerals; Functional words: prepositions, conjunctions, articles, particles, postpositions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main problem with the traditional classification of parts of speech?

<p>Some grammatical phenomena have intermediary features and make up a continuum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specific group of words in English is mentioned as having features of pronouns, numerals, and adjectives?

<p>quantifiers (e.g. many, much, little, few)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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