Podcast
Questions and Answers
Freud proposed that psychological development in childhood occurs during five ______ stages: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital.
Freud proposed that psychological development in childhood occurs during five ______ stages: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital.
psychosexual
According to Freud, tension arises from the buildup of ______ (sexual energy), while pleasure results from its discharge.
According to Freud, tension arises from the buildup of ______ (sexual energy), while pleasure results from its discharge.
libido
During the oral stage, the libido is centered in a baby's ______, where they derive satisfaction from activities like sucking and biting.
During the oral stage, the libido is centered in a baby's ______, where they derive satisfaction from activities like sucking and biting.
mouth
In the anal stage, the child derives pleasure from ______, and this stage often involves conflicts related to toilet training.
In the anal stage, the child derives pleasure from ______, and this stage often involves conflicts related to toilet training.
The phallic stage is characterized by sensitivity in the ______ and the emergence of the Oedipus or Electra complex.
The phallic stage is characterized by sensitivity in the ______ and the emergence of the Oedipus or Electra complex.
During the ______ stage, sexual impulses are repressed, and energy is directed towards schoolwork, hobbies, and friendships.
During the ______ stage, sexual impulses are repressed, and energy is directed towards schoolwork, hobbies, and friendships.
The resolution of the Oedipus complex involves the process of ______, where the child adopts characteristics of the same-sex parent.
The resolution of the Oedipus complex involves the process of ______, where the child adopts characteristics of the same-sex parent.
The genital stage begins in puberty and involves sexual experimentation, ideally leading to a loving one-to-one relationship with another person that involves ______ pleasure.
The genital stage begins in puberty and involves sexual experimentation, ideally leading to a loving one-to-one relationship with another person that involves ______ pleasure.
Freud's theory suggests that difficulties during the anal stage, particularly with harsh toilet training, can lead to an ______ personality in adulthood which hates mess and is obsessively tidy.
Freud's theory suggests that difficulties during the anal stage, particularly with harsh toilet training, can lead to an ______ personality in adulthood which hates mess and is obsessively tidy.
According to Freud, the Oedipus complex in boys involves the development of sexual desires for the mother coupled with ______.
According to Freud, the Oedipus complex in boys involves the development of sexual desires for the mother coupled with ______.
The Electra complex in girls involves the realization that they do not have a penis, leading to ______ and the wish to be a boy.
The Electra complex in girls involves the realization that they do not have a penis, leading to ______ and the wish to be a boy.
Fixation occurs when an individual remains locked in a particular developmental stage because their ______ are either frustrated or overindulged.
Fixation occurs when an individual remains locked in a particular developmental stage because their ______ are either frustrated or overindulged.
In contrast to an anal-retentive personality, an ______ personality is often messy, disorganized, and rebellious.
In contrast to an anal-retentive personality, an ______ personality is often messy, disorganized, and rebellious.
Freud suggested that during the latency stage, sexual energy is ______ towards activities like schoolwork, hobbies, and friendships to meet social expectations.
Freud suggested that during the latency stage, sexual energy is ______ towards activities like schoolwork, hobbies, and friendships to meet social expectations.
The mnemonic "old age pensioners love grapes" is used to remember the order of Freud's ______ stages of development.
The mnemonic "old age pensioners love grapes" is used to remember the order of Freud's ______ stages of development.
During the phallic stage, the conflict between erotic attraction, resentment, rivalry, jealousy, and fear is termed what?
During the phallic stage, the conflict between erotic attraction, resentment, rivalry, jealousy, and fear is termed what?
In Freud's view, the main task during the anal stage (18 months to 3-4 years) involved learning what?
In Freud's view, the main task during the anal stage (18 months to 3-4 years) involved learning what?
According to Freud, during which stage do children become conscious of anatomical sexual differences and masturbation becomes a new source of pleasure?
According to Freud, during which stage do children become conscious of anatomical sexual differences and masturbation becomes a new source of pleasure?
Freud's theory of psychosexual stages suggests that personalities can get stuck, or ______, in any of the stages if there are conflicts that must be resolved.
Freud's theory of psychosexual stages suggests that personalities can get stuck, or ______, in any of the stages if there are conflicts that must be resolved.
During the genital stage of psychosexual development, sexual instinct is directed toward ________ relationships, rather than self-pleasure.
During the genital stage of psychosexual development, sexual instinct is directed toward ________ relationships, rather than self-pleasure.
Flashcards
Psychosexual Stages
Psychosexual Stages
Psychological growth occurs in five stages: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital.
Oral Stage
Oral Stage
The libido is focused on the mouth; satisfaction comes from sucking and biting.
Oral Personality
Oral Personality
Personality traits linked to fixation in the oral stage, such as smoking or nail-biting.
Anal Stage
Anal Stage
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Anal-retentive
Anal-retentive
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Anal-expulsive
Anal-expulsive
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Phallic Stage
Phallic Stage
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Oedipus Complex
Oedipus Complex
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Identification
Identification
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Electra Complex
Electra Complex
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Latency Stage
Latency Stage
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Genital Stage
Genital Stage
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Study Notes
- Psychological development occurs in five psychosexual stages: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital.
- Each stage involves libido fixation on a different body area.
- As individuals mature, certain body areas become sources of frustration and/or pleasure.
- Freud believed life revolves around tension and pleasure.
- Tension results from libido buildup, and pleasure comes from its release.
Freud's Psychosexual Stages
- Oral Stage: Birth to 15 months, primary task is weaning.
- Anal Stage: 18 months to 3-4 years, primary task is toilet training.
- Phallic Stage: 3-4 years to 5-7 years, primary task is sexual identity formation.
- Latency Stage: 5-7 years to puberty, primary task is learning.
- Genital Stage: From puberty onward, primary task is genital intercourse.
Oral Stage (Birth to 1 Year)
- Libido is centered in the baby's mouth.
- Babies gain satisfaction from putting things in their mouths.
- Oral stimulation can lead to oral fixation in later life, such as smoking or nail-biting.
- Oral personalities engage in oral behaviors, especially when stressed.
Anal Stage (1 to 3 Years)
- Libido focuses on the anus, and the child enjoys defecating.
- Children become aware that their wishes conflict with external demands, leading to ego development.
- Potty training can impact the child's future relationship with authority.
- Early or harsh potty training can lead to an anal-retentive personality (hates mess, tidy, punctual).
- Liberal toilet-training can lead to an anal-expulsive personality (messy, disorganized, rebellious).
Phallic Stage (3 to 6 Years)
- Sensitivity concentrates in the genitals, and masturbation becomes a source of pleasure.
- Children become aware of anatomical sex differences, initiating the Oedipus (boys) or Electra (girls) complex.
- Identification, adopting characteristics of the same-sex parent, resolves these complexes.
Oedipus Complex
- Boys develop sexual desires for their mother and want to eliminate their father.
- Boys fear their father will remove their penis resulting in castration anxiety.
- Boys resolve this by imitating their father, adopting masculine behaviors, which is termed identification.
- Identification leads to the boy taking on the male gender role and adopting values that become the superego.
Electra Complex
- Girls desire their father but realize they lack a penis, leading to penis envy and a desire to be a boy.
- Girls repress their desire for their father and substitute the wish for a penis with the wish for a baby.
- Girls blame their mother for their 'castrated state,' causing tension.
- Girls repress their feelings to remove tension and identify with their mother to take on the female gender role.
Latency Stage (6 Years to Puberty)
- No further psychosexual development occurs; libido is dormant.
- Sexual impulses are repressed, and energy is redirected to school, hobbies, and friendships.
- Children focus on developing skills and knowledge, playing with same-gender peers.
Genital Stage (Puberty to Adulthood)
- Adolescents experience sexual experimentation, ideally leading to a loving, one-to-one relationship in their 20s.
- Sexual instinct is directed toward heterosexual pleasure, not self-pleasure.
Critical Evaluation
- Freud's theory is considered unfalsifiable, as the libido is difficult to test and measure objectively and is difficult to prove or refute.
- Freud may have shown research bias, focusing on information supporting his theories and ignoring contradictory information.
- Freud's concepts of oral and anal personalities have some research support.
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