Freud's Psychodynamic Theory Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which theory emphasizes the role of thought and memory in personality?

Radical behaviorism by F. Skinner

Rational emotive therapy by Albert Ellis (correct)

Social learning theory by Albert Bandura

Reciprocal determinism

According to Albert Bandura's social learning theory, how do people learn?

By directly imitating the behaviors of others

By observation of others' behavior and its consequences (correct)

By acquiring new skills through practice

By experiencing the consequences of their actions

What does reciprocal determinism refer to in psychology?

The concept of black box theory in behaviorism

The mutual influence of the individual, the environment, and behavior (correct)

The process of accepting and performing learned behavior

The influence of consequences on behavior

What are explanatory fictions in the context of radical behaviorism by F. Skinner?

Concepts like freedom and 'the self' that have no scientific basis Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the superego in Freud's model of personality?

It provides moral standards Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud, which stage is characterized by a persistent focus on an earlier psychosexual stage?

Anal stage Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of ego defense mechanisms according to Freud?

To protect from anxiety Signup and view all the answers

Which psychoanalytic theory emphasizes the concepts of collective unconscious and archetypes?

Jung's analytical psychology Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of Freud's theories as mentioned in the text?

Theories are not solidly based on scientific observation Signup and view all the answers

Which psychosexual stage of development involves children starting to touch their own genitals?

Phallic stage Signup and view all the answers

In Freud's developmental model, what is the primary purpose of the id?

Instinctual desires Signup and view all the answers

Which defense mechanism involves diverting emotional feelings from their original source to a substitute target?

Displacement Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud, what do projective tests assume about people presented with a vague stimulus?

'Project' their own impulses and desires into a description of the stimulus Signup and view all the answers

What is the Black Box theory in the context of F. Skinner's radical behaviorism?

The Black Box theory refers to the idea that internal mental processes are not directly observable and therefore should be ignored in the analysis of behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary assumption of Albert Ellis' rational emotive therapy (RET)?

The primary assumption of RET is that all humans have fundamental goals, purposes, and values, and act rationally when they choose to stay alive and try to be happy/satisfied. Signup and view all the answers

According to Albert Bandura's social learning theory, what are the two processes involved in learning through observation?

The two processes involved in learning through observation are acquisition and acceptance/performance. Signup and view all the answers

What is reciprocal determinism in the context of cognitive-social personality theory?

Reciprocal determinism refers to the idea that personality is influenced by the constant interaction between the individual's behavior, cognitive processes, and the environment. Signup and view all the answers

What is the topographical model according to Freud?

It argues for 3 levels of consciousness: conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two primary drives that motivate human behavior according to Freud?

Aggressive and sexual (libido). Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by fixation in Freud's developmental model?

It refers to a persistent focus on an earlier psychosexual stage. Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary components of the id, ego, and superego in Freud's model of personality?

Id: instinctual desires, Ego: rationalizes with id and superego, Superego: provides moral standards. Signup and view all the answers

What are ego defense mechanisms according to Freud?

Unconscious mental processes that protect from anxiety. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of projective tests in psychology?

They assume that people will 'project' their own impulses and desires into a description of a vague stimulus. Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary limitations of Freud's theories as mentioned in the text?

Theories are not solidly based on scientific observation, and there is excessive emphasis on drives such as sex and aggression. Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of ego defense mechanisms proposed by Freud?

Repression, denial, projection, reaction formation, sublimation, rationalization, displacement. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary assumption of projective tests in psychology?

They assume that individuals will 'project' their own impulses and desires into a description of a vague stimulus. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main emphasis of Jung's analytical psychology?

It emphasizes the concepts of collective unconscious and archetypes. Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud, what is the purpose of the superego in the model of personality?

It provides moral standards. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern of the latency stage in Freud's developmental model?

It is the least troubling stage where 'kids can be kids'. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Personality Theories

The role of thought and memory in personality is emphasized in cognitive-social personality theory.
According to Albert Bandura's social learning theory, people learn through observation and imitation.

People learn through observational learning, involving two processes: observational modeling and reinforcement.
Reciprocal determinism refers to the interaction between behavior, environment, and person factors in shaping behavior.

Radical Behaviorism

Explanatory fictions refer to terms used to explain behavior without actually explaining it, as described by F. Skinner.
The Black Box theory suggests that only observable behavior should be studied, ignoring internal mental processes.

Psychoanalytic Theory

The superego's main role in Freud's model of personality is to incorporate moral principles and strive for perfection.
Fixation refers to the persistence of a child's focus on an earlier psychosexual stage, leading to unhealthy behavior.
The primary purpose of ego defense mechanisms is to reduce anxiety by distorting reality.
According to Freud, the primary drives that motivate human behavior are the life instinct (eros) and the death instinct (thanatos).
The topographical model describes the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious mind.
The id's primary purpose is to seek immediate gratification of needs and desires.
Ego defense mechanisms, such as displacement, help reduce anxiety by distorting reality.

Psychosexual Stages

The phallic stage involves children starting to touch their own genitals, exploring their sexuality.
The latency stage focuses on suppressing sexual desires and redirecting energy towards other activities.

Projective Tests

Projective tests assume that people's responses to vague stimuli reveal their unconscious thoughts and feelings.
The primary purpose of projective tests is to assess personality by analyzing an individual's responses to ambiguous stimuli.

Radical Behaviorism and Psychoanalytic Criticisms

The primary limitation of Freud's theories is their lack of scientific evidence and overemphasis on childhood experiences shaping adult behavior.
The primary assumption of Albert Ellis' rational emotive therapy (RET) is that people can change their behavior by changing their thoughts.

Analytical Psychology

Jung's analytical psychology emphasizes the collective unconscious and archetypes, which are universal symbols and thoughts shared across cultures.

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Description

Test your knowledge on Sigmund Freud's psychodynamic views of personality and developmental model. Explore the concepts of unconscious processes, levels of consciousness, and the role of id, ego, and superego in human behavior.