Freud's Assumptions and Cultural Context
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Questions and Answers

Which of Freud's main assumptions about people is related to the social and cultural issues of his time?

  • People are primarily driven by conscious decisions.
  • Human behavior is influenced by unconscious motives. (correct)
  • Everyone is inherently rational and logical.
  • Culture has no impact on individual psychology.

    • Which of the following statements correctly describe Freud's topographical model of the mind?

  • It divides the mind into the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. (correct)
  • It focuses on the structure of the id, ego, and superego. (correct)
  • It highlights the importance of childhood experiences.
  • It suggests that the mind is a layered structure of different mental processes.

    • What are the specific conflicts between the individual and external reality that are embodied in each of the psychosexual stages?

  • Oral stage: dependence vs. independence (correct)
  • Anal stage: control vs. chaos (correct)
  • Phallic stage: gender identity vs. societal norms (correct)
  • Latency stage: social relationships vs. personal development (correct)

    • Which type of anxiety is most commonly associated with the use of defense mechanisms?

    <p>Neurotic Anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following defense mechanisms is described correctly? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Projection: Attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts to others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of slips of the tongue and dreams as evidence of the unconscious mind?

    <p>They reveal hidden desires and conflicts within the unconscious.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main techniques used in psychoanalytic therapy for assessing personality?

    <p>Projective techniques and free association</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements align with the assumptions of Freud's psychoanalytic perspective and the psychodynamic approach?

    <p>Unconscious phenomena are crucial to understanding personality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following regions are part of Freud's topographical model of the mind?

    <p>Conscious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly describe the id and ego according to Freud's theory?

    <p>The ego develops in response to the demands of the external world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly describe the role of the ego in Freud's theory?

    <p>The ego balances the demands of the id with the constraints of reality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two parts of the superego according to Freud?

    <p>Ego ideal and Conscience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Freud's concepts of instincts is true?

    <p>Apoptosis is a form of evidence for a death instinct in cell biology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three types of anxiety according to Freud?

    <p>Reality anxiety, neurotic anxiety, moral anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following defense mechanisms is described as shifting an impulse from one target to another, usually a safer one?

    <p>Displacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's theory of psychosexual development, which stage focuses on the mouth and involves the crisis of being weaned?

    <p>Oral stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects Freud's view on the unconscious?

    <p>Parapraxes can indicate unconscious desires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the relationship between the preconscious and consciousness?

    <p>Material in the preconscious can enter consciousness without restriction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common experiences that people in psychoanalytic therapy might exhibit?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Sigmund Freud best known for in psychology?

    <p>Formulating the concept of the unconscious mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some ways that Freud believed the unconscious reveals itself in daily life?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes Freud's topographical model of the mind?

    <p>It includes the conscious, the preconscious, and the unconscious.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly identifies the three facets of personality according to Freud's structural model?

    <p>Id, Ego, Superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are considered defence mechanisms according to Freud? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Repression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A central theme underlying psychoanalysis (and which gives rise to the name 'psychodynamic theory') is that personality:

    <p>is a set of processes always in motion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What components are included in Freud's topographical model of the mind?

    <p>Conscious, preconscious, and unconscious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of the defence mechanism of displacement?

    <p>A person who fails an exam yells at a roommate upon arriving at home.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ego follows the pleasure principle.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Parapraxes are:

    <p>slips of the tongue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement reflects the debate about Freud's role in the creation of psychoanalysis?

    <p>Freud claimed sole ownership of psychoanalysis but was influenced by the ideas of others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following themes are central to Freud's psychodynamic view of personality? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Defense mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three regions of the mind according to Freud's topographical model?

    <p>Conscious, Preconscious, Unconscious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the three aspects of Freud's structural model of personality?

    <p>The ego acts as a mediator between the id and superego.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle does the id operate on according to Freud?

    <p>Pleasure principle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the ego in Freud's theory?

    <p>It mediates between the id's impulses and the constraints of the external world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, what is the main function of the superego?

    <p>To embody parental and societal values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'ego strength' refer to in the context of psychoanalysis?

    <p>The ego's ability to manage competing pressures effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly identifies Freud's concepts of life instincts and death instincts?

    <p>Life instincts promote survival and reproduction, while death instincts lead to aggression and self-destructive behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Bruno Bettelheim, what aspect of Freud's original German writing is often lost in translation?

    <p>The emotional qualities associated with his terminology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, which of the following best describes the concept of Eros?

    <p>A set of drives related to survival, reproduction, and pleasure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes the catharsis hypothesis regarding aggression?

    <p>Aggression may reduce tension and lead to less aggression in the future.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, what is reality anxiety primarily rooted in?

    <p>Danger in the world around us</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary fear associated with neurotic anxiety according to Freud?

    <p>Fear of punishment for id impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the source of moral anxiety?

    <p>Internal conscience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two primary ways the ego responds when anxiety arises?

    <p>Increases problem-oriented coping efforts and engages in defense mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of defense according to Sigmund Freud?

    <p>Repression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unexpected effect may occur when trying to suppress a thought, according to Dan Wegner's research?

    <p>The thought may become more likely to occur later.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential source of threat that can lead to repression according to Freud's theory?

    <p>Personal deficiencies perceived as failings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following examples illustrate the defense mechanism of denial?

    <p>A mother refuses to believe her son has died in combat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between repression and denial according to the text?

    <p>Repression originates within the mind, while denial stems from external sources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of projection in psychology?

    <p>To express true feelings without recognizing them as one's own</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in Freud's defense mechanism of repression?

    <p>Removing threatening material to the unconscious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the concepts of rationalization and intellectualization in defense mechanisms?

    <p>Rationalization involves finding excuses for behavior, whereas intellectualization is responding to threats in a detached manner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about displacement and sublimation is true?

    <p>Sublimation transforms unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the research by Halpern (1977), how do sexually defensive individuals respond to viewing erotic photos compared to those who are not defensive?

    <p>They rate others as more lustful after seeing erotic photos.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes Freud's psychosexual stages of personality development?

    <p>Each psychosexual stage is associated with a specific erogenous zone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the possible traits that can develop during the oral incorporative phase according to Freud?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What traits may develop in infants during the oral incorporative phase if they experience a benign environment?

    <p>Optimism and trust</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the big event during the anal stage of development?

    <p>Toilet training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two typical orientations in toilet training according to Freud?

    <p>Praise for success and punishment for failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for boys' desire to possess their mothers and replace their fathers during the phallic stage?

    <p>Oedipus complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does castration anxiety have on a boy's relationship with his parents in Freud's theory?

    <p>It leads to the repression of his desire for his mother and identification with his father.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term does Freud use to describe the feelings girls experience related to their lack of a penis?

    <p>Penis Envy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key contribution of Freud regarding the Oedipus complex, particularly in relation to women's development during the phallic stage?

    <p>It identifies how unresolved Oedipal conflicts can affect later interpersonal relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following personal experiences of Sigmund Freud are believed to have influenced his theories? (Select all that apply)

    <p>His ambivalent feelings toward his father</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during the latency period in Freud's stages of development?

    <p>Relative calm with diminished sexual and aggressive drives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark of the genital stage according to Freud?

    <p>The ability to share mutual sexual gratification with others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do parapraxes and dreams reveal the content of a person's unconscious according to Freud?

    <p>They serve as indirect expressions of repressed urges and feelings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Freud's view on the significance of mistakes, slips of the tongue, and accidents in everyday life?

    <p>They reveal unconscious desires and impulses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two kinds of content in dreams according to Freud?

    <p>Manifest content and latent content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which projective technique is best known for its use of inkblots to assess unconscious processes?

    <p>Rorschach inkblot test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the Rorschach test as described in the context?

    <p>To generate insights into a person's unconscious mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud's psychoanalytic perspective, where does he believe the secrets to a person's difficulties in life are found?

    <p>In the unconscious mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main origins of psychological problems according to Freud?

    <p>Childhood experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Freud's method of free association primarily aim to achieve?

    <p>To reveal unconscious conflicts and repressed urges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What health benefits have been associated with the disclosure of suppressed thoughts and feelings according to Pennebaker's research?

    <p>Improved immune system functioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of psychoanalytic therapy?

    <p>To uncover repressed memories and conflicts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do psychoanalysts typically define success in psychoanalytic therapy?

    <p>By the insight gained into conflicts and dynamics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major criticism of psychoanalytic theory?

    <p>Its concepts are often ambiguously defined.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three facets of personality according to Freud's structural model?

    <p>Id, Ego, Superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

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