Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which organism has the highest concentration of potassium ions in their plasma?
Which organism has the highest concentration of potassium ions in their plasma?
- Freshwater mussels
- Crayfish
- Brown trout (correct)
- Frogs
Which structure in crayfish is analogous to the kidney?
Which structure in crayfish is analogous to the kidney?
- Heart
- Antenna
- Carapace
- Antennal gland (correct)
Freshwater animals transport sodium into their body from the environment via
Freshwater animals transport sodium into their body from the environment via
- facilitated diffusion
- simple diffusion
- passive transport
- active transport (correct)
If the sodium concentration in a frog's environment were to decrease to 0.01 mM, sodium intake from the environment would
If the sodium concentration in a frog's environment were to decrease to 0.01 mM, sodium intake from the environment would
If the chloride concentration in a frog's environment were to decrease to 0.01 mM, chloride intake from the environment would
If the chloride concentration in a frog's environment were to decrease to 0.01 mM, chloride intake from the environment would
The excess protons that fish gills pump into the environment are the product of
The excess protons that fish gills pump into the environment are the product of
In adult freshwater fish, chloride exchange with the environment occurs primarily in the
In adult freshwater fish, chloride exchange with the environment occurs primarily in the
In adult freshwater teleosts, gas exchange occurs in the
In adult freshwater teleosts, gas exchange occurs in the
Which organelle is most abundant in chloride cells?
Which organelle is most abundant in chloride cells?
If you were to decrease the calcium concentration in a freshwater fish's environment,
If you were to decrease the calcium concentration in a freshwater fish's environment,
Which organism is most hyposmotic to seawater?
Which organism is most hyposmotic to seawater?
In fish, movement of sodium across the gills depends on
In fish, movement of sodium across the gills depends on
NKCCs in the mitochondria-rich cells of marine teleost are located
NKCCs in the mitochondria-rich cells of marine teleost are located
In mitochondria-rich cells of marine teleosts, chloride moves by
In mitochondria-rich cells of marine teleosts, chloride moves by
Species that are able to survive within a broad range of ambient salinity are called
Species that are able to survive within a broad range of ambient salinity are called
Animals that ascend rivers from the ocean to breed are
Animals that ascend rivers from the ocean to breed are
Which animal has the lowest weight-specific total rate of evaporative water loss?
Which animal has the lowest weight-specific total rate of evaporative water loss?
What is this figure measuring?
What is this figure measuring?
Where would you plot a goose on this figure?
Where would you plot a goose on this figure?
In an experiment in which additional aquaporins are inserted onto the pelvic patch membrane of a frog, what is most likely to occur?
In an experiment in which additional aquaporins are inserted onto the pelvic patch membrane of a frog, what is most likely to occur?
In freshwater teleosts, blood osmotic pressure is ______mOsm than the osmotic pressure of freshwater.
In freshwater teleosts, blood osmotic pressure is ______mOsm than the osmotic pressure of freshwater.
Which animal has the highest osmotic U/P ratio?
Which animal has the highest osmotic U/P ratio?
Flashcards
Highest potassium in plasma
Highest potassium in plasma
Brown trout have the highest concentration of potassium ions in their blood plasma among the listed animals (freshwater mussels, brown trout, crayfish, frogs).
Crayfish 'kidney'
Crayfish 'kidney'
The antennal gland in crayfish is analogous to the kidney in other animals, playing a role in osmoregulation and waste removal.
Highest osmotic U/P ratio
Highest osmotic U/P ratio
Snails have the highest osmotic U/P (urine-to-plasma) ratio among the choices (clawed toad, goldfish, crayfish, snail), suggesting efficient water conservation.
Sodium transport in freshwater animals
Sodium transport in freshwater animals
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Decreased sodium & active transport
Decreased sodium & active transport
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Chloride transport & decreased concentration
Chloride transport & decreased concentration
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Excess protons in fish gills
Excess protons in fish gills
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Chloride exchange in fish
Chloride exchange in fish
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Gas exchange in teleosts
Gas exchange in teleosts
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Chloride cells and mitochondria
Chloride cells and mitochondria
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Decreased calcium & chloride cells
Decreased calcium & chloride cells
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Hyposmotic to seawater
Hyposmotic to seawater
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Teleost blood osmotic pressure
Teleost blood osmotic pressure
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Sodium movement in fish gills
Sodium movement in fish gills
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NKCC location
NKCC location
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Chloride movement in marine teleosts
Chloride movement in marine teleosts
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Euryhaline species
Euryhaline species
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Anadromous animals
Anadromous animals
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Lowest evaporative water loss
Lowest evaporative water loss
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Figure measurement
Figure measurement
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Goose's position on figure
Goose's position on figure
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Aquaporins and water permeability
Aquaporins and water permeability
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Study Notes
Freshwater Animals
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Potassium Concentration: Brown trout have the highest potassium ion concentration in their plasma.
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Crayfish Kidney: The antennal gland in crayfish is analogous to the kidney.
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Osmotic U/P Ratio: Snails have the highest osmotic U/P ratio.
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Sodium Transport: Freshwater animals use active transport to move sodium into their bodies.
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Sodium Concentration Change: If the sodium concentration in a frog's environment decreases, sodium intake from the environment will continue to occur by active transport.
Chloride Concentration Change
- If the chloride concentration in a frog's environment decreases, intake will be via active transport.
Excess Protons in Fish Gills
- Excess protons in fish gills are a product of carbon dioxide reacting with water.
Chloride Exchange in Adult Freshwater Fish
- Chloride exchange in adult freshwater fish primarily occurs in the gills.
Gas Exchange in Freshwater Teleosts
- Gas exchange in adult freshwater teleosts takes place within lamellae of the gills.
Chloride Cells Organelle Abundance
- Mitochondria are the most abundant organelle in chloride cells.
Calcium Concentration Decrease on Chloride Cells
- Decreasing the calcium concentration in a freshwater fish's environment will result in an increase in the number of chloride cells.
Hyposmotic Organisms to Seawater
- Teleosts are most hyposmotic to seawater.
Osmotic Pressure in Freshwater Teleosts
- Blood osmotic pressure in freshwater teleosts is lower than the osmotic pressure of freshwater.
Sodium Movement in Fish Gills
- Sodium movement in fish gills relies on permeability, concentration gradient, and electrical gradient.
NKCC Location in Marine Teleosts
- NKCCs in marine teleost mitochondria-rich cells are located on the basolateral membrane.
Chloride Movement in Marine Teleosts
- Chloride moves by secondary active transport in marine teleosts, utilizing ATP indirectly.
Salinity Tolerance
- Species able to survive a broad range of salinity are called euryhaline.
Anadromous Animals
- Animals that ascend rivers from the ocean to breed are called anadromous.
Evaporative Water Loss
- Ostrich has the lowest weight-specific total rate of evaporative water loss.
Figure Measurement
- The figure measures Urine osmotic pressure of various animals.
Goose Plotting on Figure
- A goose would be plotted far below the black line on the figure, near the average weight of a goose.
Aquaporin Insertion Effect
- Inserting additional aquaporins to the pelvic patch membrane of a frog will result in increased water permeability.
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Description
This quiz explores the physiological adaptations of freshwater animals in regulating ion concentrations. From the unique properties of brown trout to the mechanisms of sodium and chloride transport in various species, dive into the fascinating world of freshwater biology. Test your knowledge on these essential topics!
