Fresh Fish Handling Methods

To avoid spoilage and loss of quality.

Starving the fish and reducing water temperature.

It allows for increased packing density and reduces mortality rates.

<p>Holding basins are containers for live fish, often equipped with oxygen control, water filtering, and temperature control systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using plastic bags filled with an oxygen supersaturated atmosphere.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps reduce metabolic rates and maintain fish health during transport.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>China with carp.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modern systems regulate temperature, filter water, recycle it, and add oxygen, unlike artisanal methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Up to 50 tons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are tailored according to the species and the duration they need to be kept out of their natural habitat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lungfish (Protopterus spp.).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changing the water in the transport containers periodically.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are immediately put to smoke-drying in drum smokers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Keeping fish in a state of hibernation by lowering their body temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ancient Chinese used natural ice mixed with seaweed to keep fish fresh.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce temperature and to keep fish moist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>About 0°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to a loss of yield in fish fillets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It keeps fish moist and prevents surface dehydration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slightly above 0°C, around 3-4°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>China and other Asian countries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aluminium containers covered with palm leaves and water hyacinth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water can leach color pigments from fish skin and gills.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows a small amount of ice to cool a large mass of fish effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Superchilling is keeping fish below 0°C but above their freezing point.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice melts at a constant temperature of 0°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fish may become partially frozen and can absorb salt into their muscle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows for more efficient use of space and reduces transportation weight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is advisable to drain meltwater from boxes and containers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ice produced tends to be wet and can leach brine, lowering temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps to maintain the cooling effect of ice by reducing thermal losses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The freezing point of cod muscle is between -0.8°C and -1°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice has a larger cooling capacity and maintains a constant temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seawater ice melts at about -2.1°C due to its salt content.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The water should be treated if it is not of drinking quality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Washing fish with drainage water from boxes can affect bacterial levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To determine the overall heat transfer coefficient and ice requirements under actual working conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lack of data, irregular container shapes, and thermal losses due to environmental conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To minimize the initial ice melt required to cool the container's walls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice consumption can be 6.6 times greater in non-insulated containers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constant surrounding temperature allows for more accurate calculations of ice loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice consumption in the sun can be 2.75 times greater than in the shade.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To compensate for ice lost due to thermal losses and prolong chilling effectiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Irregular shapes and materials can lead to inefficient heat retention and increased melting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Results can be interpreted by fitting a straight line equation to the data points.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some ice will melt to cool the container walls, which may be negligible or significant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It indicates the amount of ice lost due to thermal losses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice meltage tests can be conducted using empty containers filled with ice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insulated containers significantly reduce ice loss due to thermal effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice extends the shelf life of fish and maintains its safety and quality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice is safe for consumption when produced properly, so it must be handled to avoid contamination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cooling capacity differs based on the type of ice, with some types occupying more volume yet having less effective cooling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In tropical conditions, ice melts quickly, which can reduce its effective cooling capacity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flake ice provides easier, gentler distribution around fish and minimizes mechanical damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Artisanal fishermen often prefer block ice because it requires less stowage volume and melts slowly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A larger surface area per unit of weight results in quicker cooling rates for fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crushed ice can cause physical damage due to large sharp pieces, despite quick melting of fines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Different ice types have varying cooling efficiencies, which directly impacts fish freshness and safety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Properly produced ice minimizes energy wastage, which is essential for economical fish preservation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice allows for the extension of fish shelf life, making it safe for trade at both local and international levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They should recognize the importance of proper handling techniques to maximize the shelf life and quality of fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Melting ice releases water that can affect the cooling effectiveness and overall preservation of fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wet ice has reduced cooling capacity compared to dry ice due to the water that reduces its effectiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Considerations include the type of ice, its cooling capacity, volume occupied, and potential for damage to fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A wet tarpaulin reduces the air temperature around containers to the wet bulb temperature, decreasing ice consumption and minimizing radiation effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boxes at the top of a stack consume more ice than those at the bottom, with middle boxes consuming less.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The polystyrene frames provide insulation to minimize ice melting and maintain lower temperatures within the stack.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A chill room drastically reduces ice consumption, eliminating the need for frequent re-icing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pattern of ice meltage is influenced by temperature gradients between the interior and the ambient environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adding more ice to the sides compensates for greater thermal losses and prevents dehydration of the fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Uneven melting can result in fish exposure to air, causing temperature rise and dehydration, as well as physical damage when moving the box.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Re-icing should be considered if ice melting leads to fish being exposed to air, especially in chill rooms or insulated containers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Artisanal fisheries encounter challenges due to small catch sizes, short fishing journeys, and competition with industrial fleets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In tropical conditions, ice can melt rapidly, necessitating more frequent re-icing or proper insulation measures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fatty fish have thicker skin and fat layers, which insulate them and slow down the cooling process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urbanization drives changes in artisanal fisheries by increasing fish exports and intensifying competition with industrial fleets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gutting large fish allows for more effective cooling by reducing internal heat and provides a space to pack ice, which prevents spoilage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analytical models help estimate ice consumption and develop better handling practices to preserve chilled fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CSW helps extract urea from shark muscle, reducing spoilage and improving the cooling efficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintaining this temperature is crucial to prevent spoilage and ensure food safety as part of HACCP guidelines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice tends to be more abundant at the top while the sides may lose ice rapidly due to thermal gradients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Warming allows for immediate exposure to external temperatures, increasing the likelihood of spoilage, especially at the surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintaining continuous gentle movement can help ice melt water from the top redistributing to the sides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calculations help determine the necessary ice amounts for both cooling fish to 0°C and compensating for thermal losses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The specific heat capacity of lean fish is approximately 0.8 (kcal/kg·°C), which is essential for calculating cooling requirements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using lean fish calculations ensures a safety margin, accounting for the fact that fatty fish may spoil faster than expected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature gradients can lead to uneven cooling rates, increasing the risk of spoilage in warmer parts of the container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Different ice types, like flake ice versus block ice, offer varying contact areas and melt-water flow, affecting cooling rates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Small fish have a larger surface area relative to their volume, allowing heat to enter and exit more rapidly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Factors like insulation, external temperature, and the energy exchange rate between ice and environment must be assessed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fillets are more susceptible to microbial invasions, leading to quicker spoilage compared to whole, gutted fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fish processing plants should standardize the use of thermometers, including electronic ones, for monitoring temperatures consistently.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>These trials provide insights into effective ice usage and optimal cooling techniques tailored to specific situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sawdust, coconut fibre, straw, rice husks, dried grass, old tires, and rejected cotton are some local materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They do not last as long as industrial containers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are made by placing insulating materials inside sealed plastic tubes to maintain insulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It requires significant energy and machinery, which may be inaccessible in many regions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice is often more expensive compared to fish prices, deterring its use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They become wet, losing insulating properties and can rot quickly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It extends the lifespan of the container and helps maintain fish quality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice is typically very cheap in developed countries but can be significantly more expensive in developing nations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A ratio of 2 kg of ice to 1 kg of fish is used in certain scenarios.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chilling snapper is more economically viable due to its lower cost increase associated with ice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They require trained personnel and access to spare parts, often needing hard currency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Utilizing a second tube for the insulated pillows can reduce puncture incidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chill rooms, insulated containers, and insulated trucks are necessary components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The material's ability to resist moisture and maintain insulating properties is crucial.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Depreciation and investment costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases the volume required for storage and reduces the effective fish hold in vessels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Around 5 kg of ice per 1 kg of fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consumers may believe that iced fish is not fresh fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Availability of potable water that meets microbiological and chemical standards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proper training of personnel is required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Developed countries focus on reducing wage costs, while developing countries prioritize reducing ice consumption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The existence of large ice plants supplying many companies and fishing boats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to practical problems such as increased workload and handling costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It requires significant investment and effort to develop consumer acceptance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It aims to eliminate heavy lifting and improve efficiency in fish handling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Many consumers may equate iced fish with lower freshness, hindering its acceptance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is often a lack of well-trained personnel in fish technology and refrigeration mechanics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>There is no comparative advantage in low wages to offset the high cost of ice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>55 fish/minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The new machine is 6-7 times faster than hand-gutting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They destroy the valuable roe and liver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30 fish/minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boxing reduces static pressure on the fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shelf storage allows for better temperature control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain fish temperature and extend shelf life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Below 3°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 'Champagne' method uses agitation with compressed air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Between -1.5°C and 0°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can have varying salt concentrations that affect melting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using nest/stack boxes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fish handling shifted from local consumption to longer processing times, resulting in increased spoilage and the need for improved methods like the introduction of ice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature homogeneity in the tank around -1°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can negatively affect appearance and overall quality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insulated containers helped reduce spoilage by maintaining lower temperatures and making it possible to transport fish safely over longer periods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased post-harvest losses indicate that without proper handling methods, a substantial portion of the catch could spoil and be wasted, affecting livelihoods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unit operations will be conducted onboard with improved quality assurance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Middlemen and fish processors supply larger markets, which increases the distance from catching to consumption and complicates fish handling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Large containers have less external surface area, reducing ice consumption and allowing for efficient transport of fish compared to multiple small containers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Large insulated containers can be difficult to handle, especially on small or narrow boats, limiting their practicality in some fishing settings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The use of ice allowed fish to be kept at lower temperatures, significantly reducing spoilage and extending shelf life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Small insulated containers often require more material, are harder to secure onboard, and can increase overall ice consumption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>India and Senegal are highlighted as examples where insulated containers were successfully introduced for fish handling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urbanization increases the demand for fish, leading to longer fishing trips and a reliance on improved handling methods to prevent spoilage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Artisanal fishing faced pressure to improve efficiency and quality, resulting in longer fishing journeys and a greater focus on fish preservation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Once fishermen understand the benefits and rationale behind insulated containers, they tend to prefer larger options for better efficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Improper handling can lead to health hazards such as bacterial growth and toxin formation, compromising fish safety.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The introduction of fishing technology, like insulated containers, allowed fishermen to reduce losses and improve profit margins through better preservation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The fish species, fishing gear used, vessel size, duration of the voyage, and market requirements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The P/V pump is used to gently transfer fish onboard while maintaining the fish-to-water ratio during pumping.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prechilling prevents bellyburst and maintains fish quality by cooling them before storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pelagic fish are often sorted by thickness using automated grading machines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ergonomic measures to prevent strain include redesigning the net shaker and utilizing better lifting techniques.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are used to unload prechilled fish efficiently without damaging their quality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Manual sorting is often required to remove larger fish and debris that could disrupt the grading process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A single P/V tank has a lower capacity due to its alternating pressure and vacuum operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It enhances the quality of white fillets by ensuring freshness and minimizing spoilage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It provides better working conditions for crew when handling catches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Even feeding ensures that fish enter the grading machine uniformly, optimizing sorting efficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methods include tackling in lifts, pumping, or brailing, depending on the fishing equipment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Controlling the fish-to-water ratio can be difficult, which may lead to fish bruising.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sorting by size ensures that fish meet specific market demands for uniformity and quality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>25% ice by weight of the tank capacity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps overcome local temperature differences in the tank.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quay mounted P/V-pumps are used for unloading.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Air is forced for 5-10 minutes every 3-4 hours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marketing problems and reduced pay-load on existing vessels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Observe the amount of ice left in the tank at unloading and compare it with temperature readings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate shoveling into a conveyor for mixing with fish during loading.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Approximately 30 t/h.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They estimate the efficiency of ice use for maintaining temperature during fish handling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are used in small coastal vessels with a fish carrying capacity from 3 to 10 t.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To decrease fouling of water with toxic substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using plastic bags with an oxygen supersaturated atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To condition fish with controlled oxygen and temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The salt concentration affects ice melting</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pirarucu</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By extending shelf life and reducing spoilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their activity levels decrease, allowing for higher packing density</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygen control in the transport water</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drains color pigments away</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>80 kcal/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent leaching and other negative effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Superchilling</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seawater ice melts at a lower temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It maintains a constant temperature of 0°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It leaches brine, affecting temperature stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent excessive uptake of salt</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent ice from melting too quickly</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It might not meet drinking water standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can create temperature gradients within storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice maintains a constant temperature at contact points</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It absorbs thermal energy effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To extend the shelf life while maintaining quality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flake ice</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It requires less stowage volume and melts slowly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The surface area of the fish exposed to the ice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It reduces the overall cooling capacity of wet ice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Differences in salt content or water hardness have negligible influence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows for a gentle distribution around the fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cooling capacity is unaffected by the form of the ice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Retain a portion of water on the ice surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can cause physical damage with sharp pieces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cooling rates depend on the thickness of the fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It retains its cooling effect longer under warmer conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It prevents spoilage by inhibiting bacterial growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fatty fish have fat layers and thick skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cutting the flesh into sizeable portions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chilled water (CW).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>External temperature and container design.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maximum allowable time for fish to remain at 0°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It indicates the risk of spoilage as the fish warms up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Larger fish have less surface area per unit of volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fatty fish have higher ice requirements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spillage and wet ice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.8 kcal/kg · °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thermal losses from the container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased microbial activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Color of the container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To monitor cooling and warming-up processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Direct selling to consumers ceased.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>25-30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insulated containers and ice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They present less external area for the same volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They cannot fit into narrow spaces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A larger volume of fish was demanded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>C.botulinum toxin development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cost-effectiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They improved fish transportation conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fish were covered from the sun.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased time between catching and consuming.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are difficult to secure on boats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Middlemen required more distant landing places.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased storage volume needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Large ice plants at fishing harbors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reducing ice consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Iced fish is viewed as non-fresh</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased storage and transport capacity needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is higher in tropical countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water quality standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Difficulties in maintaining equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice acts as a quality additive</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Technologies are too expensive to implement</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water must be abundant and accessible</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Developed countries aim at efficiency and cost reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It leads to less mechanical damage during transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Selecting appropriate insulation materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They retain moisture, increasing weight and degrading performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice production is costly and requires significant energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ice is often more expensive than fish, deterring its use</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creating insulated pillows within containers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using waterproof plastic bags for insulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a significant barrier due to equipment costs and maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The comparative price of ice to fish</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They rot quickly, losing insulating properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Economic factors related to ice cost compared to fish price vary by species</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They enhance the quality of fish during transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The requirement for various auxiliary equipment and trained personnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Incorporating multiple layers of insulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Access to electricity and maintenance for ice-making machines</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases package density and reduces death rates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changing water periodically in containers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using natural ice mixed with seaweed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It slows down the growth of spoilage organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can lead to a loss of fillet yield.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lungfish</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It helps in cooling the fish more easily than air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>China and Southeast Asia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3°C to 4°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce spoilage and maintain quality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They will experience surface dehydration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain species-specific hibernation temperatures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They offer better heat transfer than air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Forcing air through the ice-sea-water-fish-mixture during loading only</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>With hydraulic cranes and pallet forks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adding ice to fish with a controlled stream</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>40-50 t/h</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain temperature homogeneity for a short duration</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limited marketing opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Small pelagic fish</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduced thermal losses</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>55 fish/minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brailing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>New type of gutting machine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facilitates unloading</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>3°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shelf storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pumped circulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Salmon and herring</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Automated grading systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They occupy less space when empty</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-1.5°C to 0°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Agitation with compressed air</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can damage roe and liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chilled seawater inflow over the whole tank bottom</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduced shelf life and quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using meltage tests and actual working conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Color of the container</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To eliminate thermal losses</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When it may not compensate for thermal losses</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The overall heat transfer coefficient</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases ice consumption significantly</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain cooler temperatures as necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thermal losses occurring</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exposing to extremely high external temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through graphical methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insulation is crucial to minimize ice consumption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It must be kept constant for accuracy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insulated containers significantly lower ice consumption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased fish mortality rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It reduces air temperature to the wet bulb temperature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boxes at the top of the stack.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature gradients within the container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain the temperature of the containers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can cause physical damage to the fish.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To compensate for ice that has melted on the sides.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They usually operate for short fishing journeys.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce the consumption of ice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases competition with industrial fleets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher temperatures accelerate ice melting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dehydration of fish due to exposure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They significantly reduce ice consumption.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Re-icing may be necessary within 24 hours due to ice melt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent spoilage during transportation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pumping the catch onboard</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The alternating operation limits its capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Grading by thickness</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Violent movement of the net shaker</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent the fish from becoming too soft</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Below 5°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To classify fish by size for market demand</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Automated conveyor belts</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By lifting smaller batches of fish at a time</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Improves crew working conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Controlling the fish-to-water ratio can be challenging</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It may introduce larger fish into the grading process</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To transfer fish easily and efficiently</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drawing the net through a net shaker</p> Signup and view all the answers