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Questions and Answers
What does 'd'abord' mean?
What does 'd'abord' mean?
- firstly, first of all (correct)
- on the other hand
- therefore, so
- to examine
What is the meaning of 'on commence par/ Ã '?
What is the meaning of 'on commence par/ Ã '?
- likewise
- to start off with (correct)
- however
- to conclude
What does 'aborder' signify?
What does 'aborder' signify?
this is commencer at a higher level
What does 'examiner' mean?
What does 'examiner' mean?
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What does 'd'une part....d'autre part' express?
What does 'd'une part....d'autre part' express?
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What does 'c'est-Ã -dire' mean?
What does 'c'est-Ã -dire' mean?
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What does 'cependant' mean?
What does 'cependant' mean?
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What is the meaning of 'donc'?
What is the meaning of 'donc'?
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What does 'en effet,' indicate?
What does 'en effet,' indicate?
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What does 'en conclusion, bref' mean?
What does 'en conclusion, bref' mean?
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What is the meaning of 'pour conclure,'?
What is the meaning of 'pour conclure,'?
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Study Notes
French Transition Words and Their Uses
- Transition words enhance writing coherence by linking ideas and structuring arguments.
Beginning Expressions
- d'abord: Used to introduce the first point.
- on commence par/ Ã : Indicates the start of a discussion.
- aborder: Means to begin an analysis or discussion at a deeper level.
Examination and Analysis
- examiner: To examine; fundamental for critical evaluation.
Presenting Opposing Opinions
- d'une part....d'autre part: Presents contrasting viewpoints; on one hand... on the other hand.
- d'un côte......d'autre côté: Similar use to present opposing arguments.
Referencing Sources
- selon & d'après: Both mean "according to" and introduce quotes or sources.
- au dire de: More formal way to say "according to," often introducing a quote.
Author's Position
- auteur affirme que: The author states or confirms a point.
- auteur soutient que: The author holds or supports an argument.
Indicating Contrast or Change
- cependant: Means "however," signaling a significant change in argument.
- pourtant,: Signifies 'yet' or 'though,' used after a comma for strong breaks.
- mais,: Translates to 'but,' requiring a comma for a complete break.
- or,: A stronger contrasting word used to introduce a new idea.
Conditional or Concessive Expressions
- encore que: Indicates contrast, similar to "although," takes subjunctive mood.
- quand même: Functions similarly to encore que, indicating contrast.
Conclusion Indicators
- aussi: Can mean 'therefore,' at the start of a sentence for logical progression.
- ainsi: Means 'in this way,' with subject-verb inversion when not preceded by a comma.
Continuing Ideas
- d'ailleurs: Used to add information incidentally.
- en plus: Means 'furthermore' or 'additionally.'
- en outre: Similar to en plus, indicates additional points.
Cause and Effect
- du fait que + indicatif: Means 'owing to the fact that,' linking cause and effect in discussions.
- alors que: Translates to 'while' or 'even though,' used to transition between points.
Expressing Concessions
- bien que + sujet + verb: Indicates concession (subjunctive).
- quoique: Similar to "although," used in the indicative mood.
Summative Expressions
- en effet,: Concludes with "in effect," summarizing preceding arguments.
- donc,: Signifies 'therefore,' used to lead to logical conclusions.
Finalization Phrases
- pour conclure,: Directly summarizes and closes a discussion.
- en conclusion, bref: Means 'in conclusion, briefly,' for summarizing key points.
- en fin,: Indicates closure, summarizing the final thoughts.
- finalement: Signifies the final point, typically used in concluding paragraphs.
Manner and Virtue Expressions
- de la manière dont: Suggests "in the manner" of something discussed.
- en vertu de: Means "in virtue of," often used in legal or formal contexts.
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