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Questions and Answers
What was the main reason Louis XIII wanted to expand France's colonial empire in North America?
What was the main reason Louis XIII wanted to expand France's colonial empire in North America?
- To establish a military base for European conflicts
- To gain resources that would provide a military advantage (correct)
- To encourage population growth in France
- To settle disputes with other European nations
What was the role of the merchants granted a trade monopoly by the French king?
What was the role of the merchants granted a trade monopoly by the French king?
- They handled the importation of crops from Europe.
- They were responsible for funding military expeditions.
- They regulated fishing rights along the North Atlantic.
- They could exclusively trade for furs and establish colonies. (correct)
Which two locations were the first permanent French colonies established in North America?
Which two locations were the first permanent French colonies established in North America?
- Québec and Toronto
- Montreal and Nova Scotia
- Acadia and Newfoundland
- Acadia and Québec (correct)
What economic activity drove the French interest in establishing colonies in North America?
What economic activity drove the French interest in establishing colonies in North America?
Who was the French explorer that forged alliances with First Nations peoples?
Who was the French explorer that forged alliances with First Nations peoples?
What was the financial approach taken by Louis XIII for the colonies?
What was the financial approach taken by Louis XIII for the colonies?
Why was Jacques Cartier's initial settlement on the St. Lawrence River considered a failure?
Why was Jacques Cartier's initial settlement on the St. Lawrence River considered a failure?
What significance did the alliances with First Nations have on the French colonies?
What significance did the alliances with First Nations have on the French colonies?
What was Savignon's response to his experiences in France?
What was Savignon's response to his experiences in France?
Who was Étienne Brûlé?
Who was Étienne Brûlé?
What significant event occurred in 1610 involving the French and the Wendat?
What significant event occurred in 1610 involving the French and the Wendat?
What did Pierre Radisson do before rejoining the French colony?
What did Pierre Radisson do before rejoining the French colony?
What language skill did Radisson acquire during his time with the Mohawk?
What language skill did Radisson acquire during his time with the Mohawk?
What year did Radisson embark on a trading trip with des Groseilliers?
What year did Radisson embark on a trading trip with des Groseilliers?
Which area did Radisson and des Groseilliers explore on their trading trip?
Which area did Radisson and des Groseilliers explore on their trading trip?
How did First Nations people react to Radisson and des Groseilliers during their travels?
How did First Nations people react to Radisson and des Groseilliers during their travels?
What was Samuel de Champlain known for in North America?
What was Samuel de Champlain known for in North America?
Which First Nation did Champlain ally with against their common enemies?
Which First Nation did Champlain ally with against their common enemies?
How many times did Champlain return to France during his time in Québec?
How many times did Champlain return to France during his time in Québec?
What conflict did Champlain's alliance with the Wendat fuel?
What conflict did Champlain's alliance with the Wendat fuel?
What was the state of Québec when Champlain died?
What was the state of Québec when Champlain died?
Which Indigenous nations were involved in conflicts with each other during Champlain's time?
Which Indigenous nations were involved in conflicts with each other during Champlain's time?
How long did Champlain live in Québec?
How long did Champlain live in Québec?
What was a significant impact of Champlain's trade interests?
What was a significant impact of Champlain's trade interests?
What role did the coureurs de bois play in New France?
What role did the coureurs de bois play in New France?
What was one challenge the French faced in building their colonies?
What was one challenge the French faced in building their colonies?
Which of the following aspects of life in Acadia could be seen in the painting?
Which of the following aspects of life in Acadia could be seen in the painting?
What would a letter from Samuel de Champlain to the king likely include?
What would a letter from Samuel de Champlain to the king likely include?
From whose perspective should the economic aspects of colonies be analyzed according to the assignment?
From whose perspective should the economic aspects of colonies be analyzed according to the assignment?
What was one potential negative aspect for the First Nations regarding the French colonies?
What was one potential negative aspect for the First Nations regarding the French colonies?
If the king wrote back to Champlain, what reason might he give for not sending more colonists?
If the king wrote back to Champlain, what reason might he give for not sending more colonists?
Considering the context, what was likely emphasized in arguments justifying increased spending on New France?
Considering the context, what was likely emphasized in arguments justifying increased spending on New France?
What was the name of the river that the French explorers aimed to find?
What was the name of the river that the French explorers aimed to find?
Who were the two French explorers sent to find the river in 1672?
Who were the two French explorers sent to find the river in 1672?
What was the primary concern that led Jolliet and Marquette to turn back from their expedition?
What was the primary concern that led Jolliet and Marquette to turn back from their expedition?
What year did Cavelier de la Salle reach the mouth of the Mississippi River?
What year did Cavelier de la Salle reach the mouth of the Mississippi River?
How did the First Nations view land ownership compared to the French?
How did the First Nations view land ownership compared to the French?
What challenge did the French face in settling New France?
What challenge did the French face in settling New France?
Which factor contributed to France's need for more colonists in New France?
Which factor contributed to France's need for more colonists in New France?
How did the French explorers feel about land ownership with respect to the First Nations' beliefs?
How did the French explorers feel about land ownership with respect to the First Nations' beliefs?
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Study Notes
French Expansion in North America
- The French king Louis XIII decided to expand France’s colonial empire in North America.
- The king granted a trade monopoly to a group of merchants in return for building settlements in North America.
- Merchants were required to find French citizens to inhabit these new settlements.
- The French in 1604 established a colony in Acadia, led by Pierre de Monts.
- Samuel de Champlain, the founder of New France, built alliances with First Nations communities to trade furs.
- Champlain sided with the Wendat against their enemies, the Haudenosaunee, contributing to a century-long conflict.
- Coureurs de bois, like Étienne Brûlé, were early French explorers who ventured into the interior of North America.
- The coureurs de bois played a vital role in the growth of the fur trade and explored the land.
- Pierre Radisson and Sieur des Groseilliers, two adventurous coureurs de bois, travelled to Lake Superior, an unprecedented exploration.
- The First Nations, including the Cree, shared information about the Mississippi River with French explorers.
- Louis Jolliet and Jacques Marquette, commissioned by the King, discovered the Mississippi River's flow into the Gulf of Mexico.
- René Robert Cavelier de la Salle finally reached the mouth of the Mississippi River in 1682, extending French influence into the Gulf of Mexico.
- The French claimed ownership of the territories they explored, without understanding First Nations perspectives on land ownership.
- First Nations had a shared land philosophy, believing it should be used by everyone.
- Despite claiming a vast territory, the French mostly concentrated along the St. Lawrence River.
- Colonizing New France proved challenging for the French due to the harsh climate and difficulty in establishing farms.
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