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Questions and Answers
What is the term for the tendency to remember the last few items in a sequence?
What is the term for the tendency to remember the last few items in a sequence?
According to Glanzer and Cunitz, what did the earlier items held in LTM reflect?
According to Glanzer and Cunitz, what did the earlier items held in LTM reflect?
What is the impact of a brief filled delay according to Glanzer and Cunitz's interpretation?
What is the impact of a brief filled delay according to Glanzer and Cunitz's interpretation?
Under which condition did Bjork and Whitten observe a clear recency effect?
Under which condition did Bjork and Whitten observe a clear recency effect?
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How does the physiological state of the participant influence recall, according to the text?
How does the physiological state of the participant influence recall, according to the text?
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What is the most plausible interpretation of recency in terms of retrieval?
What is the most plausible interpretation of recency in terms of retrieval?
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How did the 20-second backward counting task affect the recency effect?
How did the 20-second backward counting task affect the recency effect?
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What was the purpose of interposing 20 seconds of backward counting between each word presented and recall?
What was the purpose of interposing 20 seconds of backward counting between each word presented and recall?
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Which aspect of visual working memory is concerned with spatial memory and memory for objects?
Which aspect of visual working memory is concerned with spatial memory and memory for objects?
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Why has the study of visual STM largely relied on simple easily specified stimuli like colored shapes or letters?
Why has the study of visual STM largely relied on simple easily specified stimuli like colored shapes or letters?
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Study Notes
Memory and Recency Effect
- The term for the tendency to remember the last few items in a sequence is called the recency effect.
Long-Term Memory (LTM) and Recency
- Earlier items held in LTM reflect the overall meaning or gist of the material, according to Glanzer and Cunitz.
Impact of Brief Filled Delay
- A brief filled delay reduces the recency effect, as interpreted by Glanzer and Cunitz.
Condition for Clear Recency Effect
- Bjork and Whitten observed a clear recency effect under the condition of a short-term memory (STM) task.
Physiological State and Recall
- The physiological state of the participant can influence recall, with factors such as arousal, attention, and stress levels affecting memory performance.
Retrieval and Recency
- The most plausible interpretation of recency in terms of retrieval is that it is due to the last items being more easily accessible in memory.
Backward Counting Task and Recency
- The 20-second backward counting task reduced the recency effect, suggesting that the task interrupted the rehearsal of the last items in the sequence.
Purpose of Interposing 20 Seconds of Backward Counting
- The purpose of interposing 20 seconds of backward counting between each word presented and recall was to disrupt the rehearsal of the last items in the sequence.
Visual Working Memory
- The aspect of visual working memory concerned with spatial memory and memory for objects is called visuospatial sketchpad.
Study of Visual STM
- The study of visual STM has largely relied on simple, easily specified stimuli like colored shapes or letters because they are easy to control and manipulate, allowing for more precise measurements of visual memory performance.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Free Recall, a method where participants are asked to recall a sequence of items in any order they wish. Explore the influence of the order of presentation on recall, known as the serial position effect, including the recency and primacy effects.
