Questions and Answers
What are the four goals of progressivism?
What did Florence Kelley advocate for?
Women and children's rights
What does Prohibition refer to?
What did muckrakers do?
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Louis D. Brandeis used _______ to make his case in trial.
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What is scientific management?
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What was the aim of the National Child Labor Committee?
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Hazen Pingree of Detroit was known for tackling fairer taxes and work relief for unemployed people.
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Who was Robert M. La Follette?
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What is the Seventeenth Amendment about?
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Study Notes
Four Goals of Progressivism
- Progressivism aimed to restore economic opportunity and address injustices through social and political reforms.
- Four main goals include protecting social welfare, promoting moral improvement, creating economic reform, and fostering industrial efficiency.
Protecting Social Welfare
- Inspired by the Social Gospel movement and the establishment of settlement houses.
- Florence Kelley emerged as a key figure advocating for women's and children's rights.
- Successful in passing legislation that prohibited child labor and limited working hours for women.
Promoting Moral Improvement
- Belief that the poor should improve their circumstances by modifying their behaviors.
- Prohibition served as a central issue, seeking to ban alcoholic beverages.
- The Woman's Christian Temperance Union played a pivotal role in the prohibition movement.
Creating Economic Reform
- The economic panic of 1893 led to a decline in trust towards capitalism, driving some towards socialism.
- Muckrakers were journalists who uncovered and publicized corruption in politics and business, fostering public awareness and demand for reform.
Fostering Industrial Efficiency
- Utilization of experts and scientific principles to enhance productivity in workplaces and society.
- Louis D. Brandeis utilized data from social scientists in judicial proceedings to advocate for efficiency.
- Implemented scientific management techniques, including time and motion studies.
- Henry Ford revolutionized production with assembly lines, increasing efficiency but resulting in high employee turnover.
Movement to Protect Workers
- The National Child Labor Committee formed to advocate for safer working conditions for child laborers.
- Child workers received lower wages; families often depended on these incomes.
- Evidence of poor working conditions led to pressure on the government to legislate against child labor and reduce work hours.
Movement to Reform Local Government
- Aimed at establishing fairer taxation and work relief programs for the unemployed.
- Hazen Pingree of Detroit addressed issues with taxes and transit fares, tackling corruption effectively.
- Socialist Tom Johnson in Cleveland fought against corrupt utility companies to protect consumer interests.
State Reform of Big Business
- State governors advocated for legislative measures to regulate large businesses.
- Robert M. La Follette served as Governor of Wisconsin, known for his strong opposition to big business influence in politics.
Movement for Election Reform
- The push for greater citizen participation in government led to several reforms.
- Initiative allowed voters to propose legislation directly on ballots.
- Referendum enabled voters to decide on the adoption of proposed laws.
- The recall mechanism permitted removal of elected officials through special elections.
- Primary elections shifted candidate selection from party machines to voters.
- The Seventeenth Amendment established the direct election of U.S. Senators by the populace.
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Description
Explore the four fundamental goals of progressivism through these flashcards. Understand how reformers aimed to bring about social welfare, moral improvement, economic reform, and industrial efficiency. Perfect for students studying American history and social movements.
