Foundations in Personal Finance Chapter 8 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following include long-term investments properly diversified?

  • Savings accounts
  • International (correct)
  • Growth (correct)
  • Aggressive growth (correct)

Which of the following is a good investment option?

  • Mutual funds (correct)
  • Savings accounts
  • Real estate
  • Stocks

What is true about liquidity?

The more liquid an investment, the less return.

Why do people need to save and invest?

<p>To enable their money to make money.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you own stock in Company X, what can you expect to receive?

<p>Dividend.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Savings accounts and money-market accounts are most appropriate for?

<p>Emergency funds and short-term goals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of diversification in your investments?

<p>Reduced risk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

To ensure that some of your retirement savings will not be subject to income tax upon withdrawal, you would contribute to?

<p>A Roth IRA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fund is a young investor willing to take moderate risk most likely interested in?

<p>Mutual funds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do regarding your 401(k) plan regardless of company matching?

<p>Fund your plan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What retirement plan is found in nonprofit organizations like churches and hospitals?

<p>403(b).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the stock market is false?

<p>The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is the smallest organized stock exchange in the United States.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When buying and selling investments, what should you avoid?

<p>Switching your investment strategy often, based on market conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do employee benefits packages include?

<p>Non-wage compensations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a savings account sold by an insurance company that provides payments at specified intervals?

<p>Annuity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Money markets are great for your emergency fund due to their liquidity and stability.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The last time the United States issued war bonds was during the Vietnam War.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A mutual fund portfolio that is properly diversified will have all investment dollars located in just one of four different classes of financial assets.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Single stocks and mutual funds carry the same amount of risk.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You can start investing with a small amount of money.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Good investment portfolios are extremely complex.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You should start investing as soon as you have your college education funded.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you leave a job and have money saved in your employer's retirement plan, it is wise to roll that money into an IRA.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you get into financial trouble, borrowing against your retirement plan is a good option.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Saving and investing have nothing to do with the amount of money you make.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What quality permits an asset to be converted quickly into cash without loss of value?

<p>Liquidity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes the relationship of substantial reward compared to the amount of risk taken?

<p>Risk-return ratio.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a list of your investments called?

<p>Portfolio.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a piece of ownership in a company or mutual fund referred to as?

<p>Share.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are securities that represent part ownership or equity in a corporation?

<p>Stocks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the money invested within a retirement plan that is either tax deferred or tax free called?

<p>Tax-favored dollars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the government agency responsible for regulating the stock market?

<p>Securities Exchange Commission.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which federal agency is responsible for collecting taxes and enforcing tax codes?

<p>Internal Revenue Service.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is distribution of a portion of a company's earnings to its shareholders called?

<p>Dividend.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a savings plan designed to help families set aside funds for future college costs?

<p>529 Plan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Long-term Investments

Investments diversified across growth, income, international, and aggressive growth mutual funds.

Mutual Funds

A suitable investment choice for achieving diverse financial objectives.

Liquidity vs. Return

As liquidity increases, potential return typically decreases and Vice Versa.

Saving and Investing

Enables money to create additional income over a period of time.

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Dividend

A payment made to shareholders from a company's earnings.

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Savings/Money Market Accounts

Optimal for readily available funds and near-term goals.

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Diversification

Reduces risk by distributing investments across different assets.

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Roth IRA Contributions

Contribute to this type of plan for tax-free retirement withdrawals.

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Young Investor's Goal

Seek funds with potential for higher than typical market growth.

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401(k) Contribution

Contribute to this plan to get employer matching.

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403(b) Plan

A retirement plan option for employees in nonprofits.

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Consistent Investment Approach

Avoid changing strategies frequently.

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Employee Benefits

Non-wage compensations given to employees.

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Annuity

A contract with an insurance company for future payments.

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Money Market Accounts

Great for an emergency funds due to stability and ease of access.

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Mutual Fund Diversification

Fund that is properly diversified doesn't concentrate on one asset.

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Risk of Single Stocks

Generally poses higher risks versus mutual funds.

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Investment Accessibility

Can start with very little money.

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Good Investment Portfolio

This does not mean complicated investment portfolios.

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Direct Rollover to IRA

Transfer retirement savings to avoid taxes and penalties.

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Liquidity

The ability to quickly convert assets into cash.

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Risk-return Ratio

Shows the relationship between possible return and investment risk.

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Portfolio

A complete list of an individual's investments.

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Share

Represents partial ownership.

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Tax-favored Dollars

Tax advantaged money invested in retirement accounts.

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Dividend

Distributes earnings to investors.

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529 Plan

A savings plan to help pay for college expenses.

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Study Notes

Long-term Investments

  • Properly diversified long-term investments include growth, growth and income, international, and aggressive growth mutual funds.

Good Investment Options

  • Mutual funds are considered a good investment option for various financial goals.

Liquidity of Investments

  • There is an inverse relationship between the liquidity of an investment and its potential return; more liquid investments tend to yield lower returns.

Importance of Saving and Investing

  • Savings and investments enable money to generate additional income over time.

Dividends

  • Shareholders of Company X can expect to receive dividends when the board of directors decides to issue earnings.

Savings Accounts Usage

  • Savings accounts and money-market accounts are best suited for emergency funds and short-term financial goals.

Diversification Benefits

  • Diversification of investments helps reduce risk by spreading investment dollars across various assets.

Tax Treatments on Withdrawals

  • Contributions to a Roth IRA ensure that some retirement savings remain tax-free upon withdrawal.

Young Investor Preferences

  • A young investor with a moderate risk tolerance seeks mutual funds for potential above-average growth.

401(k) Plans

  • It's advisable to contribute to a 401(k) plan regardless of employer matching since many employers offer contribution matches.

403(b) Retirement Plans

  • A 403(b) plan serves as a retirement option for employees in nonprofit organizations like schools and hospitals.

Stock Market Misconceptions

  • A false statement about the stock market is that the NYSE, formed in 1792, is the smallest organized exchange in the U.S.

Investment Strategy Consistency

  • Investors should avoid frequently changing strategies based on market trends, maintaining a consistent approach is key.

Employee Benefits

  • Employee benefits packages provide non-wage compensations in addition to salaries.

Annuities

  • An annuity is a savings account from an insurance company that makes periodic payments after retirement.

Money Market Accounts

  • Money market accounts are highly recommended for emergency funds due to their liquidity and stability.

War Bonds Issuance

  • The statement regarding the last issuance of war bonds in the Vietnam War is false; they have been issued more recently.

Misconceptions About Mutual Funds

  • A properly diversified mutual fund does not place all investment dollars into a single class of financial assets.

Risk Assessment

  • Single stocks carry higher risk compared to mutual funds, which are generally less risky.

Investment Accessibility

  • Individuals can initiate investments with small amounts of money, making it accessible to a broader audience.

Investment Portfolio Complexity

  • Good investment portfolios are not necessarily complex; simplicity can often lead to better investment outcomes.

Timing for Investment

  • It is advisable to start investing soon after securing funding for college education.

Retirement Plan Transfers

  • Always opt for a direct rollover into an IRA when leaving a job to avoid taxes and penalties on retirement savings.

Borrowing Against Retirement Plans

  • Borrowing from a retirement plan during financial distress is not recommended.

Saving and Earning Correlation

  • Saving and investing are not solely dependent on income levels; anyone can participate regardless of earnings.

Definitions

  • Liquidity: The quality that allows quick conversion of assets into cash without sacrificing value.
  • Risk-return Ratio: This indicates the relationship between expected rewards and the risks taken in investments.
  • Portfolio: A comprehensive list of an individual’s investments.
  • Share: Represents ownership in a company or mutual fund.
  • Stocks: Securities that denote partial ownership in a corporation.
  • Tax-favored Dollars: Money invested under favorable tax conditions in retirement accounts.
  • Securities Exchange Commission: The federal agency responsible for stock market regulation.
  • Internal Revenue Service: Agency tasked with tax collection and enforcement of tax laws.
  • Dividend: A distribution of earnings to shareholders determined by the board of directors.
  • 529 Plan: A state-operated savings plan assisting families in funding future college expenses.

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