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Foundation Types and Definitions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a shallow foundation?

To transfer structural loads from beams, columns, and slabs to the soil (correct)

To protect structures in the sea from abrasion or collision

To resist uplift forces caused by hydrostatic pressure or seismic activity

To serve as an anchor for a floating pier

What is the defining characteristic of a deep foundation?

The foundation is used to anchor a floating structure

The depth of the foundation is greater than its width (correct)

The foundation is made of wood to protect against abrasion

The foundation is designed to resist uplift forces

What is the primary purpose of tension piles?

To resist uplift forces through friction with the soil (correct)

To transfer structural loads to the soil

To protect structures from collision or abrasion

To serve as an anchor for a floating pier

What type of pile is typically used as a fender to protect structures in the sea?

Fender piles Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a caisson in foundation construction?

To serve as an anchor for a fixed pier or structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a shallow and deep foundation?

The ratio of depth to width for shallow foundations is less than or equal to 1, while for deep foundations it is greater than 1 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of foundation is typically used for structures in the sea?

Caissons with fender piles Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which tension piles resist uplift forces?

Through friction with the surrounding soil Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Soil Composition

Soil is a mixture of minerals, dead and living organisms (organic materials), air, and water.

Foundation Types

Shallow Foundation: ratio of Depth of foundation to Width is less than or equal to 1.
Deep Foundation: ratio of Depth of foundation to Width exceeds 1.

Load Transfer

Structural loads are transferred from Beams, Columns, and Slabs to the foundation.
The foundation transfers the entire load to small areas.

Pile Foundations

Tension piles (also known as uplift piles or anchor piles) resist uplift forces that might cause extraction from the ground.
Uplift forces can develop from hydrostatic pressure, seismic activity, or overturning moments.
Tensile force resistance is due to friction with the soil on the surface of the pile.

Specialized Piles

Fender piles: used to protect structures in the sea from damage caused by abrasion or collision of a ship; usually made of wood.

Caisson

A watertight structure used as an "anchor" for a foundation.
Used as the base of a structure on the floor of a body of water (e.g., a fixed pier).

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Description

Test your knowledge on different types of foundations and their definitions in structural engineering. Learn about shallow and deep foundations, as well as the transfer of structural loads to the foundation.