FortiGate Automation Testing
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Questions and Answers

Which inspections does FortiGate perform on the first packets of a session?

  • Intrusion Prevention inspection
  • ACL inspection (correct)
  • Antivirus inspection
  • Firewall inspection

    • Which processor offloads IPsec VPN encryption and decryption operations?

  • Network processor (correct)
  • Content processor
  • FortiGate CPU
  • Kernel processor

    • What does the network processor do after the session is established and the session key is installed?

  • Bypasses the FortiGate CPU (correct)
  • Performs pattern matching for UTM inspection
  • Handles IPsec encryption and decryption operations
  • Performs deep SSL inspection

    • Which processor functions as a co-processor for the FortiGate CPU?

    <p>Content processor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is nTurbo?

    <p>A feature that accelerates flow-based UTM-NGFW sessions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature allows pattern matching operations for flow-based security profile inspection to be offloaded?

    <p>Content processor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to subsequent packets in an established session where UTM-NGFW inspection is not configured?

    <p>They are offloaded to the network processor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of offloading on troubleshooting?

    <p>It makes troubleshooting more difficult</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which inspections does FortiGate perform early in the life of a packet?

    <p>ACL inspection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which processor handles IPsec encryption and decryption operations for supported algorithms?

    <p>Content processor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which command can be used to test an automation stitch on the CLI?

    <p>diagnose automation test {stitch_name}</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When an automation stitch is triggered, what does FortiGate create?

    <p>Event log</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Parallel Path Processing (PPP) used for?

    <p>Choosing the optimal path for processing a packet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hardware can offload and accelerate many processes in FortiGate?

    <p>CP8 or CP9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of traffic is offloaded by network processors (NP6 or NP7)?

    <p>Traffic that does not require UTM or NGFW processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does FortiGate hardware and software configuration affect packet processing?

    <p>It affects the path that a packet takes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Parallel Path Processing (PPP) use to choose the optimal path?

    <p>Firewall policy configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What processes can be offloaded and accelerated by hardware in FortiGate?

    <p>Content processors (CP8 or CP9)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the flow charts in the text?

    <p>To display examples of packet processing scenarios</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does FortiGate create when an automation stitch is triggered?

    <p>Event log</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component handles packet processing and inspection through a combination of the IPS engine and the FortiOS proxy?

    <p>Network processor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to subsequent packets in an established session with proxy-based UTM-NGFW configured?

    <p>They are handled by the CPU with IPSA offloading pattern matching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the network processor still conduct even when proxy-based features are configured?

    <p>Early security inspections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can the FortiGate CPU leverage the content processors for?

    <p>SSL-TLS encryption and decryption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when SSL deep inspection is configured?

    <p>The IPS engine sends packets to the proxy for decryption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the proxy do after decrypting the SSL-TLS packet?

    <p>Sends the packet to the IPS engine for inspection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the IPS engine do after receiving the decrypted packet from the proxy?

    <p>Sends the packet back to the proxy for inspection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the proxy do after the configured proxy-based inspection?

    <p>Offloads the operation to the content processor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the network processor handle when IPSA is enabled?

    <p>Routing and kernel processors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the CPU when IPSA is enabled?

    <p>Handling UTM-NGFW operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Session Inspections and Processors

    • FortiGate performs initial packet inspections to establish connection attributes like protocol type and session parameters.
    • The network processor offloads IPsec VPN encryption and decryption operations, enhancing performance.
    • After session establishment and session key installation, the network processor continues with processing the data packets.
    • A co-processor for the FortiGate CPU functions to manage specific tasks such as packet inspection and protocol processing.

    Key Features and Functions

    • nTurbo is a technology that accelerates traffic flows by optimizing session management for improved throughput.
    • Flow-based security profile inspections utilize pattern matching operations, which can be offloaded for efficiency.
    • In established sessions without UTM-NGFW inspection configured, subsequent packets are typically processed without deep inspection.

    Impact on Troubleshooting and Processing

    • Offloading operations can complicate troubleshooting by reducing visibility into packet manipulation.
    • Early inspections by FortiGate assess critical aspects of packets, enabling better routing and handling.

    Packet Processing and Command Functions

    • IPsec encryption and decryption operations for supported algorithms are handled primarily by the dedicated network processors, NP6 or NP7.
    • The CLI command for testing an automation stitch is critical for verifying component interactions.
    • Upon automation stitch activation, FortiGate creates specified actions or workflows to respond to defined triggers.

    Path Processing and Hardware Acceleration

    • Parallel Path Processing (PPP) is utilized to optimize packet paths for improved speed and efficiency.
    • FortiGate hardware can offload various processes such as IPsec, SSL inspection, and UTM features to enhance overall performance.
    • Offloaded traffic typically includes large volumes and high-throughput items like IPsec and SSL connections.

    Configuration and Path Management

    • FortiGate's hardware and software configuration significantly influence overall packet processing efficiency.
    • PPP selects optimal paths based on traffic patterns and processing requirements, ensuring executed actions maintain low latency.

    Automation and Flow Management

    • Flow charts present in the system provide visual guidance on processes and decision trees related to traffic handling and inspection.
    • Automation stitch triggering results in dynamic adjustments and system actions tailored to operational needs.

    Role of CPU and Network Processors

    • The FortiGate CPU leverages content processors for advanced content filtering and inspection capabilities.
    • When SSL deep inspection is applied, packets are decrypted before further inspection is conducted.
    • After SSL-TLS packet decryption, the proxy executes defined inspection rules for enhanced security.
    • The IPS engine processes the decrypted packets for threat assessment and response post-proxy operations.
    • With proxy-based UTM-NGFW configured, subsequent packets undergo thorough scanning, ensuring comprehensive security.
    • Even with proxy features activated, the network processor still performs essential functions like session tracking and basic inspection.
    • In the context of IPSA (Intrusion Prevention System Architecture), the CPU manages overall control, while network processors expedite specific threat analysis tasks.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on testing stitches on the CLI and diagnosing automation tests in FortiGate. Learn about the creation of event logs and gain insights into Enterprise Firewall, FortiOS Architecture, Life of a Packet, Parallel Path Processing, and more.

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