Formation and Stability of Stars
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Questions and Answers

What happens during the Big Bang?

  • Time and space are destroyed.
  • Protons and neutrons fuse to form heavier elements.
  • The first stars are formed.
  • The universe rapidly expands in a period known as 'inflation'. (correct)
  • At 10-3 seconds after the Big Bang, what is created using pair production?

  • Helium nuclei
  • Atoms
  • Fundamental particles gain mass
  • Hadrons come from quarks (correct)
  • What happens 380 thousand years after the Big Bang?

  • Formation of the first stars
  • Production of mass is halted
  • Rapid expansion continues
  • First atoms are cool enough to form (correct)
  • Which event marks the formation of our galaxy?

    <p>Galaxy formation due to gravitational forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to the creation of deuterium, helium, lithium, and beryllium nuclei?

    <p>Protons and neutrons fusing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does mass production stop according to the text?

    <p>1 second after the Big Bang</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do most theories suggest about human understanding of the universe?

    <p>'We only understand 5% of our universe' is accurate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Inflation' refers to what significant event after the Big Bang?

    <p>'The universe expands rapidly'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Pair production' occurs primarily during which time frame following the Big Bang?

    <p>$10^{-3}$ seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the remaining core mass is less than 1.44M☉, protons and electrons combine to form neutrons.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a remaining core mass greater than 2.44M☉, a black hole is formed.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The HR diagram shows the spectral class of a star against its luminosity.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Electrons in an atom can exist in energy levels that are continuous.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When an electron moves from a higher energy state to a lower energy state, it releases energy in the form of a photon.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Energy input like heat or absorption of a photon is required for an electron to be deexcited.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All elements share the same set of energy levels for their electrons.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ground state for energy levels of electrons is the state with the highest energy value.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Chandrasekhar limit determines the mass threshold above which a neutron star is formed.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A red supergiant will always end its life cycle as a neutron star.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Doppler Effect shifts the position of spectral lines in star light. We can determine the absorption spectra of an element in the lab, and compare it to what is detected in the light from a ______.

    <p>star</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hubble’s law states that the recessional velocity of a galaxy is proportional to its distance from ______.

    <p>Earth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hubble’s law provides key evidence for the model that states that the universe is ______.

    <p>expanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Almost all light from distance galaxies is ______ shifted, showing that the galaxies are moving away from Earth.

    <p>red</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Doppler equation can be used to determine the relative speed of a star using the shift in wavelength from a hydrogen ______ spectrum.

    <p>emission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hubble’s law states that the further away a star is from the Earth, the ______ it is moving away from us.

    <p>faster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The fabric of space and time is ______, and any point in the universe is moving away from any other point.

    <p>expanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a remaining core mass greater than the Chandrasekhar limit, a ______ is formed.

    <p>black hole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the remaining core mass is less than the Chandrasekhar limit, protons and electrons combine to form ______.

    <p>neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A red ______ will always end its life cycle as a ______ star.

    <p>supergiant</p> Signup and view all the answers

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