Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the three principles of fingerprints?
What are the three principles of fingerprints?
Fingerprints are individual characteristics, unchanged throughout life, and have individual ridge patterns that classify them.
Which of the following are kinds of fingerprint patterns?
Which of the following are kinds of fingerprint patterns?
- Stripes
- Whorls (correct)
- Loops (correct)
- Arches (correct)
What are the types of arches?
What are the types of arches?
- Plain arch (correct)
- Radial arch
- Ulnar arch
- Tented arch (correct)
What are the types of loops?
What are the types of loops?
What are the types of whorls?
What are the types of whorls?
What percentage of fingerprints are loops?
What percentage of fingerprints are loops?
What percentage of fingerprints are whorls?
What percentage of fingerprints are whorls?
What percentage of fingerprints are arches?
What percentage of fingerprints are arches?
What is ridgeology?
What is ridgeology?
What are minutiae in the context of fingerprints?
What are minutiae in the context of fingerprints?
What is the UK standard for points of identification in fingerprints?
What is the UK standard for points of identification in fingerprints?
What is the Australia standard for points of identification in fingerprints?
What is the Australia standard for points of identification in fingerprints?
What does AFIS stand for?
What does AFIS stand for?
Which of the following are examples of ridge characteristics?
Which of the following are examples of ridge characteristics?
What are latent prints?
What are latent prints?
What is the most common hair used in brushes for fingerprint analysis?
What is the most common hair used in brushes for fingerprint analysis?
When was the first U.S. crime solved using fingerprints?
When was the first U.S. crime solved using fingerprints?
How far back do fingerprints date?
How far back do fingerprints date?
Where did America get its fingerprint methods from?
Where did America get its fingerprint methods from?
Who was the first European to use fingerprints as an identification method?
Who was the first European to use fingerprints as an identification method?
Who wrote a book called 'Fingerprints' and when?
Who wrote a book called 'Fingerprints' and when?
When was the first crime solved with fingerprints?
When was the first crime solved with fingerprints?
What are patent prints?
What are patent prints?
What are plastic prints?
What are plastic prints?
What is the most important factor in developing a print?
What is the most important factor in developing a print?
Which of the following are physical methods of print development?
Which of the following are physical methods of print development?
What is powder dusting?
What is powder dusting?
What is a magnetic brush used for?
What is a magnetic brush used for?
What is a Small Particle Reagent (SPR) used for?
What is a Small Particle Reagent (SPR) used for?
What is Mikrosil used for?
What is Mikrosil used for?
Which of the following are chemical methods of print development?
Which of the following are chemical methods of print development?
What does iodine fuming do?
What does iodine fuming do?
What does Ninhydrin react with?
What does Ninhydrin react with?
What does Cyanoacrylate (super glue) do?
What does Cyanoacrylate (super glue) do?
Which of the following are other methods of print development?
Which of the following are other methods of print development?
What special methods are used for developing bloody fingerprints?
What special methods are used for developing bloody fingerprints?
What surface should you use Ninhydrin on?
What surface should you use Ninhydrin on?
What is magnetic powder used on?
What is magnetic powder used on?
What surface is Small Particle Reagent (SPR) used on?
What surface is Small Particle Reagent (SPR) used on?
What surface is Mikrosil used on?
What surface is Mikrosil used on?
What is peroxidase used for?
What is peroxidase used for?
What type of wood is Ninhydrin used on?
What type of wood is Ninhydrin used on?
What type of wood is standard powder brush used on?
What type of wood is standard powder brush used on?
Study Notes
Fingerprints Overview
- Fingerprints are unique to each individual and remain consistent throughout life.
- They consist of specific ridge patterns classified into different categories.
Types of Fingerprint Patterns
- Three main types: arches, whorls, and loops.
- Arches include plain arch and tented arch.
- Loops consist of radial loop, ulnar loop, double loop, and accidental loop.
- Whorls include plain whorl and central pocket whorl.
Fingerprint Distribution Statistics
- Loops constitute approximately 60% of fingerprint patterns.
- Whorls account for around 35%.
- Arches make up about 5%.
Ridge Characteristics and Identification
- Ridgeology is the study focused on the unique features of friction ridge structures for identification purposes.
- Minutiae refers to the specific points where ridge structures alter, essential for identification.
- Identification relies on matching points of similarity between different prints.
- The UK requires a minimum of 16 points for identification.
- Australia mandates a minimum of 12 points for identification.
Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS)
- AFIS stands for Automated Fingerprint Identification System, overseen by the FBI (IAFIS).
- It allows for nationwide scanning and searching of fingerprints.
Latent and Visible Prints
- Latent prints are impressions made by friction ridge skin and require enhancement for visibility.
- Patent prints are visible without the need for enhancement.
- Plastic prints are impressions left in soft materials, also requiring no enhancement.
Development Methods for Fingerprints
- Surface type is crucial for successful print development.
- Physical development methods include powder dusting, magnetic brush, Small Particle Reagent (SPR), and Mikrosil.
- Chemical methods of development encompass iodine fuming, ninhydrin, and cyanoacrylate (super glue).
- Additional methods rely on alternate light sources and specific chemical reactions for print enhancement.
Specific Development Situations
- Bloody fingerprints can provide timeframes for crimes when enhanced with peroxidase, without affecting blood type.
Material Suitability for Development
- Ninhydrin is effective on paper/cardboard and untreated wood.
- Magnetic powder works best on plastic surfaces.
- SPR is designed for wet surfaces.
- Mikrosil is suited for leather/vinyl surfaces.
- Peroxidase is used in developing prints from blood samples.
- Standard powder brush is utilized on treated wood.
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Description
Test your knowledge of fingerprints with these flashcards! Learn about the characteristics, types, and patterns of fingerprints, including arches, whorls, and loops. Perfect for forensic science enthusiasts or students studying forensic techniques.
