Forensic Science Unit I Quiz

Study Notes

Forensic Science integrates various disciplines to investigate crime and provide scientific analysis for legal proceedings.
Historical development traces back to ancient civilizations, influencing modern practices.
Scope includes criminal investigations, accident investigations, civil cases, and providing expert testimony.
Forensic Science Laboratories (FSLs) in India are pivotal, providing services like DNA analysis, ballistics, and toxicology.
Forensic Science Investigators offer services such as crime scene investigation, evidence collection, and analysis.
Responsibilities of forensic scientists encompass evidence examination, report writing, and court testimony.
Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMS) streamline data collection and management in forensic labs.
Chain of Custody ensures integrity of evidence from collection to presentation in court, maintaining continuity and accountability.
Security systems and safety equipment are essential for maintaining a secure working environment in forensic laboratories.

Crimes are categorized into various types, including felonies, misdemeanors, and offenses, each with specific definitions and causes.
Characteristics of criminals often include socio-economic factors, psychological profiles, and criminal history.
The Criminal Justice System in India consists of police, prosecution, and the judiciary, each playing a distinct role in law enforcement.
Collaboration between police and forensic scientists enhances crime investigation efficiency and accuracy.
Modus Operandi refers to the patterns or methods used by criminals, aiding in crime analysis and court testimony.

The Indian Penal Code (IPC) serves as the primary legal framework addressing criminal offenses and their punishments.
The Code of Criminal Procedure (Cr.P.C.) outlines the process for criminal prosecutions, including arrest, bail, and trial procedures.
The Indian Evidence Act sets parameters for admissibility and relevance of evidence in court.
The Information Technology (IT) Act regulates cyber crimes and electronic evidence.
Relevant sections of Cr.P.C. include:
- Section 291 addresses the relevance of previous convictions.
- Section 292 concerns the search and seizure of documents.
- Section 293 provides procedures for forensic examinations.
Sections of IPC relevant to document examination include:
- Section 29 discusses the definition of documents.
- Section 113b addresses dowry-related offenses.
Criminal conspiracy is punishable under Section 120b, while Section 407 and Section 413 focus on specific types of theft and criminal breach of trust.
Other significant laws include:
- The Explosive Substance Act regulating possession and use of explosives.
- The NDPS Act governing narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.
- The Poison Act concerning the control of toxic substances.
- The Drug and Cosmetic Act ensuring the safety and efficacy of drugs and cosmetics.
- The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India Act oversees food safety regulations.