Forensic Science and Lie Detection Techniques

To determine whether someone is telling the truth during questioning.

It is derived from the Medieval Latin 'Del indicum', meaning 'a miraculous decision.'

The accused had to carry a bar of red-hot iron for nine paces; if unburned, they were innocent.

<p>It involved weighing the accused against a counterbalance to determine guilt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They used various techniques and rituals to catch liars and establish the truth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It resolved issues by allowing the parties to settle disputes using human strength.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was a brutal method used to extract confessions and determine guilt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They carried evidence about the complex rituals and ordeals used for divine justice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Juries are responsible for making findings of fact and rendering a verdict.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The judge decides questions of law, such as the admissibility of evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It was believed that God would smite the guilty with sickness or death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trial by torture involved using coercive methods to extract confessions from accused witches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Burning at the stake, hanging, and beheading.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Witchcraft ceased to be considered a criminal offense among Christians across Europe.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To record changes in blood pressure and pulse rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Ayur Veda references methods related to health and science that may indirectly address deception.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Angelo Mosso.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two parties lit candles of equal size, and the one whose candle outlasted the other was deemed the winner.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The polygraph is significant as a lie detector used to record physiological responses during questioning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The polygraph records changes in respiration, galvanic skin response, and cardiovascular activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The supposed criminal had to drink it, where a small dose could be fatal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He introduced the hydrosphygmograph for lie detection during interrogations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A suspended axe was spun, and whoever was in line with the blade was judged guilty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cesare Lombroso.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Trial of the Waxen Shirt was used to determine guilt or innocence based on whether the wax would melt when the accused walked barefoot over hot coals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the ordeal by rice chewing, the accused ate a special rice called sathee and spat on a pea leaf to determine guilt or innocence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hereditary sieve method involved throwing beans into a sieve and calling out a suspect's name; if the beans jumped out, the suspect was innocent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the ordeal of red water, the accused was innocent if they did not eject the rice after swallowing it; ejection indicated guilt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The accused was made to fast, then pass through an enclosure while grasping a donkey's tail, and if the donkey brayed when touched, they were guilty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The accused sought relief by swallowing hallowed bread, which if successfully done, would free them from punishment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the ordeal of the tiger, if the tiger spared either the accused or accuser, that individual was considered innocent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>These ordeals often involved physical trials or rituals to prove innocence or guilt based on superstitious beliefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He modified Larson's instrument to develop metal bellows and a kymograph.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two components are known as pneumo 1 and pneumo 2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Keeler introduced the psychogalvanometer in 1938.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Buritt suggested that changes in respiration were indications of deception.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vittorio Benussi is credited with this technique.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A modern polygraph includes a computer outfit with sensors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dr. Kurbis was the first researcher to use potential computer applications for polygraph chart analysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Buritt found that changes in blood pressure were more reliable indicators of deception than respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To evaluate physiological data for diagnostic purposes using algorithms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It measures changes in the skin's electrical resistance, which varies with emotional states.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He developed the galvanic skin reflex, which measures electrical resistance in ohms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They completed software called POLYSCORE for analyzing polygraph data and estimating truthfulness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thomas Jefferson first used the term to describe an early form of the writing machine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He constructed the clinical polygraph in 1892 and later refined it in 1906 to better record vascular pulses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>He applied psychogalvanometry to forensic problems and observed the influence of mental impressions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They commissioned a review by the National Academy of Sciences to study polygraph scientific evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers