Gr 9 NATURAL SCIENCES: Term Test 3
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Questions and Answers

What type of force occurs when an object is being squashed or deformed by forces acting towards each other?

  • Tension
  • Friction
  • Normal Force
  • Compression (correct)

    • What is the primary factor affecting the gravitational force between two objects?

  • Color of the objects
  • Mass of the objects (correct)
  • Shape of the objects
  • Distance between the objects

    • What is the direction of the gravitational force between two objects?

  • Perpendicular
  • Parallel
  • Repulsive
  • Attractive (correct)

    • What is the primary characteristic of magnetic forces?

    <p>They act over a distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the direction of a magnetic field?

    <p>The poles of the magnet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is responsible for the electrostatic force between two objects?

    <p>Transfer of electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of friction between two objects in terms of electrostatic forces?

    <p>One object becomes positively charged, the other negatively charged</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of force is responsible for the attraction between the Earth and objects on its surface?

    <p>Gravitational force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating the weight of an object on Earth?

    <p>W = m × g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for forces that act between objects without physical contact?

    <p>Non-contact forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a force?

    <p>A force is a push or pull on an object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for force?

    <p>Newton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of forces on an object's motion?

    <p>Start or stop the motion, increase or decrease its speed, or change its direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is acceleration?

    <p>The rate at which an object's velocity changes over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when one object exerts a force on another object?

    <p>The second object exerts an equal and opposite force back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of balanced forces?

    <p>The net force is zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of unbalanced forces?

    <p>The net force is greater than zero, causing motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of action and reaction forces?

    <p>You pushing against a wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the salt bridge in the zinc-copper cell?

    <p>To connect the two half-cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the zinc metal at the anode?

    <p>It loses electrons and becomes zinc ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of electric current?

    <p>The rate of flow of electric charge in a circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for resistance?

    <p>Ohms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an ammeter or voltmeter in the zinc-copper cell?

    <p>To observe the ammeter or voltmeter reading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the copper ions at the cathode?

    <p>They gain electrons and become copper metal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance described by?

    <p>Ohm's Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a conductor?

    <p>A material that allows electric charge to flow through it easily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the flow of electrons in an electrical conductor due to?

    <p>Delocalised electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does resistance occur in an electrical circuit?

    <p>Due to the opposition to the flow of electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between gravitational force and electrostatic force?

    <p>Gravitational force is always attractive, while electrostatic force can be attractive or repulsive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is common to all three field forces?

    <p>They are all non-contact forces that can be represented by fields and field lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a salt bridge in a voltaic cell?

    <p>To connect the oxidation and reduction half-cells of the voltaic cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of an electrolyte in an electric cell?

    <p>To produce an electrically conducting solution when dissolved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an electric cell?

    <p>To convert chemical energy into electrical energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between an electric cell and a battery?

    <p>An electric cell is a single device, while a battery is a group of devices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the zinc nail in the simple lemon battery experiment?

    <p>To act as one of the electrodes in the electrochemical reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the lemon juice in the simple lemon battery experiment?

    <p>To act as the electrolyte in the electrochemical reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between an electric cell and a mechanical generator?

    <p>An electric cell relies on chemical reactions, while a mechanical generator relies on mechanical energy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a resistor in an electrical circuit?

    <p>To convert electrical energy into other forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when electrons collide with the atoms of a conductor?

    <p>They transfer kinetic energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the symbol used to represent a resistor in a circuit diagram?

    <p>[[image of a resistor]]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a rheostat?

    <p>To control the current in a circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of component is used to control the current flow through an LED?

    <p>A resistor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between incandescent bulbs and LEDs?

    <p>Their efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of current flow through a diode?

    <p>In one direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy that is wasted as heat in a system?

    <p>Wasted energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a resistor in a circuit with an LED?

    <p>To protect the LED from high currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the current in a circuit when the resistance is increased?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of a series circuit?

    <p>It has only one path for electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the total voltage when cells are connected in series?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of input energy is wasted as heat in an incandescent bulb?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you measure the potential difference in a circuit?

    <p>Using a voltmeter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an ammeter?

    <p>To measure the electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term that determines a material's ability to conduct electricity?

    <p>Resistivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the length of a conductor affect its resistance?

    <p>It increases the resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the total resistance when resistors are connected in series?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of a parallel circuit?

    <p>It provides multiple paths for electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a conductor?

    <p>It increases the resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the temperature affect the resistance of conductors?

    <p>It increases the resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the resistance of a conductor?

    <p>R = ρL/A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is copper a better conductor than iron?

    <p>Copper has a lower resistivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of longer conductors on resistance?

    <p>It increases the resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you connect a voltmeter to measure the potential difference?

    <p>In parallel with the component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a thicker conductor on its resistance?

    <p>It decreases the resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the resistance of a conductor when its cross-sectional area is increased?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of connecting cells in series?

    <p>To increase the total voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the filament in an incandescent bulb heat up?

    <p>Due to the high resistance of the filament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four primary factors that affect the resistance of a conductor?

    <p>Type of material, length, cross-sectional area, and temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the total resistance when resistors are added in parallel?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of connecting cells in parallel?

    <p>Stable voltage and increased battery life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the total current and the currents in each branch in a parallel circuit?

    <p>I_total = I_1 + I_2 + I_3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using parallel circuits in homes?

    <p>To allow multiple devices to operate independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the potential difference across each branch in a parallel circuit?

    <p>It remains the same as the potential difference across the battery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of adding more devices in parallel circuits?

    <p>It has no effect on the overall resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do parallel circuits provide a practical way to manage electricity in homes?

    <p>They allow multiple devices to operate independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk of overloading parallel circuits?

    <p>It can cause a fire or electrical shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the direction of an arrow represent when forces are represented using arrows?

    <p>Direction of the force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law is used to measure forces using a spring balance?

    <p>Hooke's Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of force is friction an example of?

    <p>Contact force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal force equal to on a flat, level surface?

    <p>Equal to the weight of the object but in the opposite direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net force if a force of 7 N and 10 N are applied to an object, and friction is 5 N?

    <p>12 N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of friction in movement?

    <p>It allows us to walk without slipping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of force is the force of gravity between two objects an example of?

    <p>Non-contact force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact?

    <p>Friction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the force that occurs when an object is being pulled by forces acting from opposite ends?

    <p>Tension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a non-contact force that can exert a force on each other without touching?

    <p>Magnets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of forces on an object's motion?

    <p>It can change the object's speed, direction, or both</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When do action and reaction forces occur?

    <p>When one object exerts a force on another object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net force when multiple forces act on an object?

    <p>The combined effect of all the forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of unbalanced forces?

    <p>The object will change its motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of acceleration?

    <p>The rate of change of an object's velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for force?

    <p>Newton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a force that can change an object's shape?

    <p>Pushing or pulling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the forces acting on an object are balanced?

    <p>The object will remain stationary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between tension and compression forces?

    <p>Tension forces stretch an object, while compression forces squash an object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the force of attraction between any two objects with mass?

    <p>Gravitational force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating the weight of an object on Earth?

    <p>W = m × g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for forces that act between objects without physical contact?

    <p>Field forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of magnetic forces?

    <p>Like poles repel, and opposite poles attract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of electrostatic forces?

    <p>Like charges repel, and opposite charges attract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the force that acts between charged objects?

    <p>Electrostatic force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of friction between two objects in terms of electrostatic forces?

    <p>Electrons are transferred from one object to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of field forces?

    <p>They act over a distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is common to all three field forces?

    <p>They act over a distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a spring balance in measuring force?

    <p>To stretch in proportion to the force applied</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of force occurs when objects are not in physical contact with each other?

    <p>Non-contact force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the frictional force when an object is moving?

    <p>Opposite to the object's motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal force exerted by a surface on an object?

    <p>A force that prevents the object from penetrating the surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of friction between two surfaces in contact?

    <p>A decrease in the object's motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a contact force?

    <p>Frictional force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between friction and the normal force?

    <p>Friction is directly proportional to the normal force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of friction in vehicle safety?

    <p>It prevents skidding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the net force when an object is moving in a particular direction?

    <p>In the same direction as the object's motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of representing forces using arrows?

    <p>To indicate the direction and magnitude of the force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of all three field forces?

    <p>They act over a distance without physical contact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an electrolyte in an electric cell?

    <p>To produce an electrically conducting solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between an electric cell and a mechanical generator?

    <p>The presence of moving parts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the copper nail in the simple lemon battery experiment?

    <p>To act as an electrode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a voltaic cell?

    <p>To convert chemical energy into electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the electrostatic force between two objects with opposite charges?

    <p>Attractive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the lemon juice in the simple lemon battery experiment?

    <p>To act as an electrolyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a battery and an electric cell?

    <p>A battery is a group of two or more electric cells connected together</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a salt bridge in a voltaic cell?

    <p>To connect the oxidation and reduction half-cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of magnetic forces?

    <p>They can be attractive or repulsive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following lighting systems has the highest efficiency of energy transfer?

    <p>LED</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that affects the resistance of a conductor?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the resistance of a conductor when its length is increased?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy that is wasted as heat in a system?

    <p>Wasted Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a conductor on its resistance?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula that relates resistance, resistivity, length, and cross-sectional area of a conductor?

    <p>R = ρL/A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using thicker conductors?

    <p>They have lower resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the resistance of an incandescent bulb as it heats up?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using a Sankey diagram?

    <p>To compare the efficiency of different lighting systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the length of a conductor and its resistance?

    <p>They are directly proportional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a resistor in an electrical circuit?

    <p>To control the current in the circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when electrons collide with the atoms of a conductor?

    <p>Energy is transferred from the electrons to the atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a rheostat and a fixed resistor?

    <p>A rheostat has variable resistance, while a fixed resistor has fixed resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are LEDs more efficient than incandescent bulbs?

    <p>LEDs convert a higher percentage of electrical energy into light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a resistor in a circuit with an LED?

    <p>To control the current flow through the LED</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the current in a circuit when the resistance is increased?

    <p>The current decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy that is wasted as heat in a system?

    <p>Wasted energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of current flow through a diode?

    <p>In one direction only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the U-tube filled with salt solution in the zinc-copper cell?

    <p>To allow the flow of ions between the two solutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using resistors in electrical circuits?

    <p>To control the current in the circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the zinc metal at the anode in the zinc-copper cell?

    <p>It loses electrons and goes into the solution as zinc ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between electric current, voltage, and resistance described by?

    <p>Ohm's Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an ammeter or voltmeter in the zinc-copper cell?

    <p>To measure the electric current or voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the copper ions at the cathode in the zinc-copper cell?

    <p>They gain electrons and become copper metal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the flow of electrons in an electrical conductor?

    <p>Electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a resistor in an electrical circuit?

    <p>To add resistance to the circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the resistance in an electrical circuit?

    <p>The current decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a material that allows electric charge to flow through it easily?

    <p>Conductor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the flow of electrons in an electrical conductor?

    <p>Electric current is generated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of connecting cells in parallel?

    <p>Increased battery life and stable voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the total resistance when resistors are added in parallel?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of parallel circuits in homes?

    <p>To allow multiple devices to operate independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating the total current in a parallel circuit?

    <p>I_total = I1 + I2 + I3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential difference across each branch in a parallel circuit?

    <p>The same as the potential difference across the battery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the current divides in a parallel circuit?

    <p>It is additive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk of overloading parallel circuits?

    <p>Fire or damage to the circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the analogy used to describe the flow of current in a parallel circuit?

    <p>A school hall with multiple exit doors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the total voltage when cells are connected in series?

    <p>It increases by the sum of the individual cell voltages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a voltmeter in a circuit?

    <p>To measure the potential difference between two points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a series circuit?

    <p>It provides a single path for electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of connecting resistors in series?

    <p>The total resistance increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an ammeter in a circuit?

    <p>To measure the total current flowing through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a parallel circuit?

    <p>It provides multiple paths for electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the current through each component in a series circuit?

    <p>It remains the same</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the property of an ammeter?

    <p>It has a very small resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of connecting cells in series?

    <p>The total voltage increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of measuring the potential difference across each component in a series circuit?

    <p>To determine the voltage across each component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes electrostatic force from gravitational force?

    <p>Ability to be attractive or repulsive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between compression and tension forces?

    <p>One occurs when an object is squashed, while the other occurs when an object is stretched.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the electrolyte in an electric cell?

    <p>To produce an electrically conducting solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common characteristic of both gravitational and magnetic forces?

    <p>They both act over a distance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the copper nail in the simple lemon battery experiment?

    <p>To act as an electrode</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between an electric cell and a mechanical generator?

    <p>Type of energy conversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the gravitational force and the electrostatic force?

    <p>One is always attractive, while the other can be either attractive or repulsive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the flow of electrons in an electrical conductor due to an electric potential difference?

    <p>Electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the mass of objects in determining the gravitational force between them?

    <p>The mass of the objects affects the magnitude of the force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an electric cell?

    <p>To convert chemical energy into electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the force that arises from the transfer of electrons between objects?

    <p>Electrostatic force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the salt bridge in a voltaic cell?

    <p>To connect the oxidation and reduction half-cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a bridge experiencing compression and a tennis ball experiencing compression?

    <p>One is a result of weight, while the other is a result of external pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes magnetic force from gravitational force?

    <p>Ability to be attractive or repulsive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the forces that act between objects without physical contact?

    <p>Non-contact forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of magnetic fields?

    <p>Like poles repel, and opposite poles attract.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary similarity between gravitational force, magnetic force, and electrostatic force?

    <p>Non-contact nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a device that generates electricity from chemical reactions?

    <p>Electric cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating the weight of an object on Earth?

    <p>W = m × g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the pillars of a bridge and the cables of a bridge?

    <p>One experiences compression, while the other experiences tension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of connecting cells in parallel?

    <p>Increased battery life and stable voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the total resistance when resistors are added in parallel?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of parallel circuits in homes?

    <p>To allow multiple devices to operate independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a resistor in an electrical circuit?

    <p>To control the current flowing through the circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the current when it enters separate branches in a parallel circuit?

    <p>It divides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the potential difference across each branch and the potential difference across the battery in a parallel circuit?

    <p>The potential difference across each branch is the same as the potential difference across the battery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that affects the efficiency of energy transfer in an LED lighting system?

    <p>Type of material</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when electrons collide with the atoms of a conductor?

    <p>The conductor becomes warmer due to the transfer of kinetic energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of overloading a parallel circuit?

    <p>The total resistance increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a rheostat?

    <p>It is a variable resistor used to control current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net force on an object when multiple forces act on it, but they cancel each other out?

    <p>A force of zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the cross-sectional area of a conductor and its resistance?

    <p>An increase in cross-sectional area results in a decrease in resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between incandescent bulbs and LEDs?

    <p>LEDs are more efficient and produce less heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the velocity of an object when a force is applied to it, causing it to accelerate?

    <p>The velocity changes, and the direction also changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a conductor on its resistance?

    <p>The resistance increases as the temperature increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does adding more devices in parallel not increase the overall resistance?

    <p>Because the devices are connected in parallel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a resistor in a circuit with an LED?

    <p>To protect the LED from high currents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the coiled tungsten wire in an incandescent bulb?

    <p>To provide high resistance and heat up the filament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a force that can cause a change in shape?

    <p>Pushing or pulling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the analogy used to describe the flow of current in a parallel circuit?

    <p>Students exiting a school hall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of Newton's Third Law of Motion?

    <p>An equal and opposite force is exerted by the second object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the current in a circuit when the resistance is increased?

    <p>The current decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the flow of electrons in an electrical conductor due to a potential difference?

    <p>Electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for resistivity?

    <p>Ohms per meter (Ω/m)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the force exerted by the wall on you when you push against it?

    <p>In the opposite direction of your push</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a diode?

    <p>To allow current to flow in only one direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the length of a conductor on its resistance?

    <p>The resistance increases as the length increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the rate at which an object's velocity changes over time?

    <p>Acceleration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating the resistance of a conductor?

    <p>R = ρL/A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy wasted as heat in a system?

    <p>Wasted energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of unbalanced forces acting on an object?

    <p>The object will accelerate in the direction of the net force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between an incandescent bulb and an LED?

    <p>The efficiency of energy transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for force?

    <p>Newton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the light emitted by an LED when the resistance in the circuit is increased?

    <p>The light becomes dimmer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy that is wasted as heat in a system?

    <p>Thermal energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the copper plate in the zinc-copper cell?

    <p>To allow the flow of electrons from the zinc plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the chemical reaction occurring at the zinc electrode in the zinc-copper cell?

    <p>Zinc metal loses electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the U-tube filled with salt solution in the zinc-copper cell?

    <p>To allow the flow of ions between the two solutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a resistor in electrical circuits?

    <p>An electrical component that adds resistance to a circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance described by?

    <p>Ohm's Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the movement of electrons in a conductor?

    <p>Electric current flows in the same direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a conductor?

    <p>It has low resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ammeter or voltmeter in the zinc-copper cell?

    <p>To measure the current of the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the flow of electrons in an electrical conductor due to?

    <p>The energy source, such as a battery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does resistance occur in an electrical circuit?

    <p>Because of the collisions between electrons and the atoms of the conductor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the total resistance when resistors are added in series?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a voltmeter in a circuit?

    <p>To measure the potential difference between two points in the circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a parallel circuit?

    <p>It provides more than one path for electric current to move through the circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the voltage across each resistor when cells are connected in series?

    <p>It divides equally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of temperature on the resistance of conductors?

    <p>It increases the resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an ammeter in a circuit?

    <p>To measure the current flowing through the circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a series circuit?

    <p>It provides only one path for electric current to move through the circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the total current when resistors are added in series?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do resistors have a small resistance when used as an ammeter?

    <p>So they don't affect the current they are measuring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the total voltage when cells are connected in parallel?

    <p>It remains the same</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a spring balance in measuring forces?

    <p>To measure the magnitude of a force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a non-contact force?

    <p>Gravitational force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the frictional force when an object is moving?

    <p>In the opposite direction to the motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal force equal to on a flat, level surface?

    <p>The normal force equals the object's weight but in the opposite direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between friction and normal force?

    <p>Friction is proportional to the normal force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of friction in vehicle safety?

    <p>It prevents skidding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of force occurs when an object is being pulled by forces acting from opposite ends?

    <p>Tension force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net force calculated as in the example of pushing a go-cart?

    <p>The difference between the forces pushing it forward and friction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of the normal force on a flat, level surface?

    <p>Upward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of friction in movement?

    <p>It allows us to walk without slipping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary fuel used in a nuclear power station due to its ability to undergo fission?

    <p>Uranium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of combining two light atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy?

    <p>Nuclear Fusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of control rods in a nuclear reactor?

    <p>To regulate the fission process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy produced from controlled nuclear reactions?

    <p>Nuclear Power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the cooling system in a nuclear power plant?

    <p>To ensure the reactor and other components remain at safe operating temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of nuclear power generation in terms of greenhouse gas emissions?

    <p>Minimal greenhouse gas emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of radiation containment in a nuclear power plant?

    <p>To prevent radiation leakage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of splitting a heavy atomic nucleus into two smaller nuclei, releasing energy?

    <p>Nuclear Fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the Koeberg Nuclear Power Station in South Africa?

    <p>Cape Town</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between nuclear power and alternative energy sources?

    <p>Renewability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of earthing in electrical appliances?

    <p>To prevent electric shocks by connecting the metal casing to the ground</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a live wire touches the metal casing of an electrical appliance with proper earthing?

    <p>The current will flow through the earth wire to the ground, preventing an electric shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a fuse in an electrical circuit?

    <p>To melt and break the circuit when current exceeds a safe level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a short circuit?

    <p>To create an unintended low-resistance path, causing a surge in current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of an earth leakage circuit breaker?

    <p>To detect any leakage of current to the earth wire and immediately shut off the power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of nuclear power plants compared to some renewable energy sources?

    <p>They can operate continuously and are not dependent on weather conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical location of an earth leakage circuit breaker?

    <p>On the electrical distribution board in homes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a network of interacting components that work together to provide electricity across a country?

    <p>National Electricity Grid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of overloading in parallel circuits?

    <p>Too many devices connected to the circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary consequence of overloading in parallel circuits?

    <p>Excessive heat build-up, potentially leading to electrical fires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of step-up transformers in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To increase the voltage of electricity for efficient transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a power surge on sensitive electronic devices and circuits?

    <p>It can cause damage to them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a device that changes the voltage of an electric current?

    <p>Transformer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary safety risk associated with nuclear power plants?

    <p>Accidents and radiation leaks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pylons in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To support transmission lines and keep them elevated and secure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the voltage of electricity during transmission in the national electricity grid?

    <p>It is stepped up and then stepped down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of grid monitoring in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To detect and prevent power surges and overloads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a sudden increase in voltage within an electrical circuit?

    <p>Power Surge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of step-up transformers in a power grid?

    <p>To increase voltage and decrease current before transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for the energy consumed by an appliance?

    <p>Kilowatt-hour (kWh)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a tiered tariff system used by Eskom?

    <p>To charge consumers a higher rate for higher usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating energy consumption in joules?

    <p>Energy = Power × Time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of step-down transformers in a power grid?

    <p>To decrease voltage and increase current before distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for power?

    <p>Watt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the price schedule or rate for services provided by Eskom?

    <p>Tariff</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of calculating energy consumption in kWh?

    <p>To find the cost of electricity consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of generating electricity in power stations?

    <p>Converting different forms of energy into electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the turbine in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason behind illegal connections in areas where electricity is not accessible?

    <p>Lack of access to legal electricity connections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the environmental disadvantage of relying on coal for electricity generation?

    <p>It contributes to environmental pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and climate change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of overloaded power grids due to illegal connections?

    <p>Frequent power outages and disruptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of generating electricity from hydroelectric power?

    <p>Using the potential energy of stored water to generate electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a lightning rod?

    <p>To channel lightning strikes away from buildings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using solar power for electricity generation?

    <p>It is abundant and renewable, and has no emissions during operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of exposed wires and poor-quality connections in illegal connections?

    <p>Sparks that can ignite nearby flammable materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a generator in a power station?

    <p>To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using wind power for electricity generation?

    <p>It is renewable, has low operational costs, and has no emissions during operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of education campaigns to address illegal connections?

    <p>To educate people on the risks of illegal connections and the benefits of legal connections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of individuals resorting to illegal connections to avoid paying for electricity?

    <p>Electricity theft, affecting the revenue of utility companies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of generating electricity using a portable generator?

    <p>Burning fuel such as petrol or diesel to generate electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pulverization in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To crush large chunks of coal into a fine powder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary motivation behind some individuals profiting from illegal connections?

    <p>Financial gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the environmental advantage of using alternative energy sources such as hydroelectric power?

    <p>It is renewable, and has less pollution and emissions compared to coal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of insecure and exposed electrical connections in illegal connections?

    <p>Severe risk of electrocution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of strengthening regulations and enforcement against illegal connections?

    <p>To deter illegal connections and promote safe and legal electricity access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of illegal connections?

    <p>Direct connection to the national grid without proper authorization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the environmental levy in the tariff structure?

    <p>To generate revenue for the government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for calculating the cost of using an electrical appliance?

    <p>cost = power rating x time x price</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for electrical power?

    <p>Watts (W)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of conducting a household energy survey?

    <p>To identify areas for energy efficiency improvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of energy-efficient appliances?

    <p>They consume less energy than traditional appliances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the rate at which electrical energy is supplied or consumed by a device?

    <p>Electrical power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for calculating electrical power?

    <p>power = energy / time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the label or stamp on an electrical appliance?

    <p>To provide the appliance's power rating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for energy consumption?

    <p>Kilowatt-hours (kWh)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of using energy-efficient appliances?

    <p>Decreased energy consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary motivation behind illegal electricity connections in certain areas?

    <p>Lack of access to legal electricity supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common risk associated with illegal electricity connections?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a likely consequence of illegal electricity connections on the power grid?

    <p>Frequent power outages and disruptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential solution to address illegal electricity connections?

    <p>Implementing programs to extend legal access to underserved areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why individuals might choose to use illegal electricity connections despite having legal access?

    <p>To avoid paying for electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of illegal electricity connections?

    <p>Exposed wires and insecure connections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of electricity theft on utility companies?

    <p>Reduced investment in infrastructure improvements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of discussing the risks of illegal electricity connections?

    <p>Examining the setup of an illegal connection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential solution to address the safety hazards associated with illegal electricity connections?

    <p>Implementing education campaigns to raise awareness about the risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of earthing in electrical appliances?

    <p>To prevent electric shocks by connecting metal parts to the ground</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a live wire accidentally touches the metal casing of an appliance?

    <p>The current flows through the earth wire, creating a short circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of strengthening regulations and enforcement against illegal connections?

    <p>To deter illegal connections and promote legal access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a fuse in an electrical circuit?

    <p>To melt and break the circuit when the current exceeds a safe level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary fuel used in nuclear power stations?

    <p>Uranium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a short circuit?

    <p>An unintended low-resistance path created in a circuit, causing a surge in current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of splitting a heavy atomic nucleus into two smaller nuclei, releasing energy?

    <p>Nuclear Fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an earth leakage circuit breaker?

    <p>To detect any leakage of current to the earth wire and immediately shut off the power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of control rods in a nuclear reactor?

    <p>To regulate the fission process by absorbing excess neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are earth leakage circuit breakers typically located?

    <p>On the electrical distribution board in homes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a fuse and a circuit breaker?

    <p>A fuse breaks the circuit when the current exceeds a safe level, while a circuit breaker can be reset after a fault</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of nuclear power generation in terms of climate change?

    <p>Low greenhouse gas emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to manage the load on each circuit?

    <p>To prevent overheating and electrical fires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy produced from controlled nuclear reactions?

    <p>Nuclear Power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the cooling system in a nuclear power station?

    <p>To ensure the reactor and other components remain at safe operating temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of combining two light atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy?

    <p>Nuclear Fusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the Koeberg Nuclear Power Station?

    <p>Cape Town, South Africa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the emission of radiation as a result of the decay of atomic nuclei?

    <p>Radioactive Decay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of radiation containment in a nuclear power station?

    <p>To prevent radiation leakage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of generating electricity in South Africa?

    <p>Coal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the turbine in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To push the blades of a generator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of using coal as an energy source?

    <p>It contributes to environmental pollution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of generating electricity in a hydroelectric power plant?

    <p>Using the potential energy of stored water to generate electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of using wind power as an energy source?

    <p>It is renewable and has low operational costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a generator in a power station?

    <p>To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an alternative energy source used to generate electricity?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a portable generator?

    <p>To generate electricity during power outages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the combustion process in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>The generation of heat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for energy sources that are not derived from fossil fuels?

    <p>Alternative energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of step-up transformers in the electrical grid?

    <p>To increase voltage and decrease current before transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a tiered tariff system in electricity pricing?

    <p>To penalize high-energy consumers with higher rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for energy consumption in household appliances?

    <p>Kilowatt-hours (kWh)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating energy consumption in kWh?

    <p>Energy (kWh) = Power (W) x Time (h)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the amount of electrical energy used by an appliance or device?

    <p>Power Consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary electricity supplier in South Africa?

    <p>Eskom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of step-down transformers in the electrical grid?

    <p>To decrease voltage and increase current before distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for the total amount of visible light emitted by a source?

    <p>Lumens (lm)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major advantage of nuclear power plants over some renewable energy sources?

    <p>They can operate continuously and are not dependent on weather conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major concern with nuclear power?

    <p>The risk of accidents and radiation leaks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a transformer in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To change the voltage of an electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of pylons in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To support overhead power lines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rate at which electrical energy is supplied or consumed by a device?

    <p>Electrical power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a power surge in the national electricity grid?

    <p>An increase in voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a surge protector in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To absorb excess voltage and prevent damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the cost of operating an appliance?

    <p>cost = power rating x time x price</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for power?

    <p>Watt (W)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of a coal-powered power station that generates electricity?

    <p>Generator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the step-up transformer in a power station?

    <p>To increase the voltage of an electric current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a household energy survey?

    <p>To understand the household's energy consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the national electricity grid?

    <p>To distribute electricity to homes and businesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the environmental levy for Block 2 energy consumption?

    <p>2.28 c/kWh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the grid monitoring system?

    <p>To cut off the power supply during a power surge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy charge for Block 3 energy consumption?

    <p>124.74 c/kWh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total cost of energy consumption for a household that uses 252 kWh in a month?

    <p>R207.59</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the power rating of a 1500 W microwave?

    <p>1.5 kW</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of looking for a label or stamp on an appliance?

    <p>To determine the power rating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy consumption block for a household that uses more than 600 kWh in a month?

    <p>Block 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a lightning rod?

    <p>To safely channel lightning strikes away from buildings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common motivation behind illegal electricity connections?

    <p>To avoid paying for electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a risk associated with illegal electricity connections?

    <p>Fire risk and electrocution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of illegal electricity connections?

    <p>Legal consequences, including fines and imprisonment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of earthing in electrical appliances?

    <p>To prevent electric shocks by connecting the metal casing to the ground</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a solution to address illegal electricity connections?

    <p>Implement programs to extend legal electricity access</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a live wire touches the metal casing of an electrical appliance?

    <p>A short circuit is created, protecting the user from electric shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a fuse in an electrical circuit?

    <p>To break the circuit when the current exceeds a safe level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do some areas resort to illegal electricity connections?

    <p>Due to lack of access to electricity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen due to overloading from illegal connections?

    <p>Power outages and service disruptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of an earth leakage circuit breaker?

    <p>To detect and prevent leakage of current to the earth wire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a risk of exposed wires and connections in illegal electricity connections?

    <p>Severe risk of electric shock and electrocution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a short circuit occurs in an electrical circuit?

    <p>A surge in current causes damage to appliances and overheating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can education campaigns achieve in addressing illegal electricity connections?

    <p>Reduce the number of illegal connections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the neutral wire in an electrical circuit?

    <p>To carry current away from the appliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of electricity theft on utility companies?

    <p>Higher costs for legitimate consumers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of electrical fires in parallel circuits?

    <p>Overloading of the circuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of managing the load on each circuit?

    <p>To prevent overheating and electrical fires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary fuel used in a nuclear power station?

    <p>Uranium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of splitting a heavy atomic nucleus into two smaller nuclei, releasing energy?

    <p>Nuclear Fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of generating electricity in South Africa?

    <p>Coal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of control rods in a nuclear reactor?

    <p>To regulate the fission process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a turbine in a coal-powered power station?

    <p>To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of nuclear power generation compared to fossil fuels?

    <p>Lower greenhouse gas emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a generator in a power station?

    <p>To convert mechanical energy into electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of combining two light atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy?

    <p>Nuclear Fusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the environmental impact of relying on coal for electricity generation?

    <p>It leads to habitat destruction and health issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of generating electricity from falling water?

    <p>Hydroelectric power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy produced from controlled nuclear reactions?

    <p>Nuclear Power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location of the Koeberg Power Station in South Africa?

    <p>Cape Town</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of using wind power for electricity generation?

    <p>It is a renewable energy source with low operational costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of generating electricity from sunlight?

    <p>Photovoltaic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the cooling system in a nuclear power station?

    <p>To ensure the reactor and other components remain at safe operating temperatures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a portable generator?

    <p>To provide power during grid outages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of radioactive decay?

    <p>The unstable nucleus transforms into a different element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an alternative energy source that uses heat from the Earth's interior to generate electricity?

    <p>Geothermal energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for emitting radiation as a result of the decay of atomic nuclei?

    <p>Radioactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a power station?

    <p>It is a facility for the generation of electrical power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Step-Up Transformers in the grid?

    <p>To increase voltage and decrease current before transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of energy consumption commonly used for monthly energy bills?

    <p>Kilowatt-hours (kWh)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Eskom's tiered tariff system?

    <p>To charge higher rates for higher usage levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate energy consumption?

    <p>energy = power × time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary electricity supplier in South Africa?

    <p>Eskom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a Step-Down Transformer?

    <p>To decrease voltage and increase current before distribution to homes and businesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for power?

    <p>Watts (W)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of calculating energy consumption?

    <p>To determine the cost of electrical power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of power equal to one joule of energy per second?

    <p>Watt (W)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the rate at which electrical energy is supplied or consumed by a device?

    <p>Electrical Power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the cost of operating an appliance?

    <p>cost = power rating × time × price</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of conducting a household energy survey?

    <p>To understand the household's energy consumption pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for forces that act between objects without physical contact?

    <p>Non-Contact Forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the block tariff structure used for?

    <p>To calculate the cost of energy consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for energy?

    <p>Joule (J)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the power rating of an appliance indicate?

    <p>The rate at which the appliance consumes energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of looking for a label or stamp on an appliance?

    <p>To identify the power rating of the appliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the rate at which energy is being used?

    <p>Electrical Power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major advantage of nuclear power plants?

    <p>They can operate continuously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major disadvantage of nuclear power plants?

    <p>They have high initial costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a transformer in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To change the voltage of an electric current.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of pylons in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To support overhead power lines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a power surge?

    <p>A sudden increase in voltage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a surge protector?

    <p>To safeguard appliances from power surges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the national electricity grid?

    <p>To ensure the delivery of electricity from power stations to consumers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of step-up transformers in the national electricity grid?

    <p>To increase the voltage of an electric current.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the voltage of an electric current when it is transmitted over long distances?

    <p>It decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the diagram of a coal-powered power station connected to the grid?

    <p>To describe how electricity is generated from coal and transmitted to the grid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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