Forces and Motion Study Notes

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary distinction between speed and velocity?

Velocity is affected by direction, while speed is not. (correct)
Speed is a vector quantity, while velocity is a scalar quantity.
Both speed and velocity measure the same physical quantity.
Speed includes direction, while velocity does not.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the principle of conservation of momentum?

Momentum can be transferred entirely between objects during a collision.
Momentum is always conserved regardless of external forces.
Only elastic collisions conserve momentum; inelastic collisions do not.
Momentum cannot be created or destroyed in a closed system. (correct)

What does the slope of a velocity-time graph represent?

The total distance traveled by the object.
The object's displacement.
The mass of the object.
The object's acceleration. (correct)

Which kinematic equation can be used to calculate the final velocity of an object under constant acceleration?

v = u + at (C) Signup and view all the answers

When resolving a vector into two components at right angles, which concept is crucial for accuracy?

Applying the Pythagorean theorem properly. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the area under the line on a velocity-time graph representative of?

The total displacement of the object during that time interval. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of forces, what does the term 'impulse' refer to?

The force applied to an object over a specific time period. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a body moving under constant acceleration in two dimensions known as?

Projectile motion. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a vector and a scalar quantity, and provide an example of each?

A vector has both magnitude and direction, such as velocity, while a scalar has only magnitude, such as speed. Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the area under a velocity-time graph relates to displacement.

The area under a velocity-time graph represents the total displacement of the object during that time interval. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the importance and application of Newton's Third Law in collision scenarios.

Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction, which is crucial in analyzing forces during collisions. Signup and view all the answers

How can the principle of conservation of momentum be demonstrated in a two-object collision?

In a two-object collision, the total momentum before the collision equals the total momentum after the collision, illustrating momentum conservation. Signup and view all the answers

What role does gravitational potential energy play in the motion of projectiles?

Gravitational potential energy influences a projectile's height and velocity, converting to kinetic energy as it falls. Signup and view all the answers

Explain how to resolve a vector into two perpendicular components.

To resolve a vector, you can drop perpendicular lines from the tip of the vector to the axes, finding the horizontal and vertical components using trigonometric functions. Signup and view all the answers

Describe how to determine the acceleration due to gravity using a free fall experiment.

Acceleration due to gravity can be determined by timing an object as it falls and using the formula $g = \frac{2h}{t^2}$, where $h$ is the height and $t$ is the time of fall. Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of power relate to work done in a mechanical system?

Power is defined as the rate at which work is done, calculated as $P = \frac{W}{t}$, where $W$ is work and $t$ is time. Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Displacement

The change in position of an object.

Velocity

The rate of change of displacement.