Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for foodborne and waterborne diseases?

  • Vector-borne transmission
  • Airborne transmission
  • Respiratory droplets
  • Fecal-oral route (correct)

    • What is the primary portal of entry for foodborne and waterborne pathogens?

  • Respiratory system
  • Skin
  • Mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract (correct)
  • Bloodstream

    • What is the typical incubation period for bacterial intoxication caused by foodborne and waterborne diseases?

  • Varies greatly
  • Short (minutes to hours) (correct)
  • Immediate
  • Long (hours to days)

    • Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of foodborne and waterborne diseases?

    <p>Muscle weakness (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best preventive measure against foodborne and waterborne diseases?

    <p>Washing hands and consuming well-cooked food (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Brucellosis transmitted to humans?

    <p>Via contaminated water and food (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is commonly associated with Hepatitis A infection?

    <p>Loss of appetite (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a preventive measure for Hepatitis A?

    <p>Thorough handwashing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cases of viral gastroenteritis, which virus is common in children?

    <p>Rotavirus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Poliovirus, the causative agent of Poliomyelitis?

    <p>Capable of causing paralysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is the most virulent species of Shigella?

    <p>Shigella dysenteriae (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reservoir for Shigella?

    <p>Humans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Shigellosis typically transmitted?

    <p>Through fecal-contaminated water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical incubation period for Shigellosis?

    <p>12 hours to 2 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main virulence factor for pathogenic E. coli causing gastroenteritis?

    <p>Enterotoxin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reservoir for Cattle Hemorrhagic Colitis?

    <p>Ground beef (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of transmission for Shigella?

    <p>Direct contact with an infected person (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reservoir for Cholera?

    <p>Contaminated water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the virulence factor of Vibrio cholerae?

    <p>Halophiles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a symptom of Cholera infection?

    <p>&quot;Rice water&quot; stools (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common name for Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea?

    <p>C.diff (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Clostridium difficile primarily transmitted?

    <p>Through contaminated medical equipment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea?

    <p>Antiprotozoal drug (Metronidazole) &amp; antibiotic (Vancomycin) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea?

    <p>Mild diarrhea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is Salmonellosis mainly acquired?

    <p>From ingesting contaminated food or water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main method of prevention for typhoid fever?

    <p>Regular handwashing and good personal hygiene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacterial genus is responsible for causing Bloody Dysentery?

    <p>Shigella (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common symptom of Shigellosis caused by Shiga toxin?

    <p>Bloody diarrhea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a species of Shigella bacteria?

    <p>S. boydi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can chronic carriers of Salmonella be treated?

    <p>Antibiotics and oral rehydration therapy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common reservoir for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical incubation period for Salmonella Gastroenteritis (Salmonellosis)?

    <p>12-36 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of Typhoid Fever, but not typically seen in Salmonellosis?

    <p>Rose spots on the skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the primary mode of transmission for Typhoid Fever?

    <p>Fecal-contaminated water sources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for Salmonellosis?

    <p>Oral rehydration and antibiotics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a virulence factor of Salmonella bacteria?

    <p>Ability to invade the intestinal mucosa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reservoir for Typhoid Fever?

    <p>Humans (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of Typhoid Fever?

    <p>Prolonged high fever (104°F) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended diagnostic method for identifying the specific serovar or strain of Salmonella in a food sample?

    <p>Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of Typhoid Fever in severe cases?

    <p>Intestinal wall ulceration and perforation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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