Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following nutrients serve as the building blocks for growth and recovery?
Which of the following nutrients serve as the building blocks for growth and recovery?
- Vitamins
- Fats
- Proteins (correct)
- Carbohydrates
Digestion only involves mechanical breakdown of food.
Digestion only involves mechanical breakdown of food.
False (B)
What is the primary function of the small intestine in the digestive system?
What is the primary function of the small intestine in the digestive system?
Absorbs nutrients
Herbivores have long digestive tracts and _____ molars for grinding plants.
Herbivores have long digestive tracts and _____ molars for grinding plants.
Match the types of eating disorders with their descriptions:
Match the types of eating disorders with their descriptions:
Flashcards
Digestion
Digestion
The process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that the body can absorb and use for energy, growth, and repair.
Nutrients
Nutrients
Substances found in food that the body needs to function properly, including building blocks for growth, energy sources, protective agents, and essential minerals.
Mechanical Digestion
Mechanical Digestion
The type of digestion that involves physical breakdown of food, such as chewing, churning, and mixing.
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Body Mass Index (BMI)
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Healthy Eating
Healthy Eating
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Study Notes
Food Types and Nutrients
- Food is categorized into plant-based (fruits, seeds, leaves) and animal-based (meat, fish, eggs, dairy).
- Nutrients are essential for growth, recovery, and energy.
- Building blocks (e.g., proteins) support growth and repair.
- Fuels (e.g., carbohydrates, fats) provide energy.
- Protective substances (e.g., vitamins) maintain health.
- Water and minerals are crucial for transporting nutrients and supporting body functions.
Digestion Basics
- Digestion converts food into absorbable forms for the bloodstream.
- Mechanical digestion involves physical processes like chewing.
- Chemical digestion uses enzymes in digestive juices.
- Key organs in digestion include the mouth, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.
- The mouth chews food and produces saliva.
- The stomach stores and mixes food with gastric juice.
- The small intestine absorbs nutrients with help from bile and enzymes.
- The large intestine absorbs water and processes waste.
Teeth and Digestion
- Incisors and canines are used for biting food.
- Molars are designed for grinding food, increasing surface area for digestion.
Healthy Eating and BMI
- A balanced diet of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats is crucial.
- Body Mass Index (BMI) assesses weight health.
- Healthy BMI ranges vary by age and sex:
- Boys (12-14): 15-23
- Girls (12-14): 16-23
- Adults: 20-25
Eating Disorders
- Eating disorders are linked to cultural pressure, control issues, or negative self-image.
- Types include anorexia nervosa (starvation), bulimia nervosa (overeating and purging), and binge eating (overeating without purging).
- Eating disorders can severely impact health, leading to malnutrition, diseases, obesity, and body damage.
Animal Diets
- Herbivores possess long digestive tracts and ridged molars suited for plant-based diets.
- Carnivores have shorter digestive tracts and sharp teeth for tearing meat.
- Omnivores have digestive tracts of intermediate length and teeth for both plant and animal consumption.
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