Food and Nutrition Chapter 8 Quiz

Questions and Answers

Which three classes of nutrients supply the body with energy?

Proteins (correct)

Carbohydrates (correct)

Minerals

Vitamins

Fats (correct)

What roles do carbohydrates play in the body?

Carbohydrates supply energy for body functions.

What roles do fats play in the body?

Fats supply energy, form cells, maintain body temperature, and protect nerves.

What role do proteins play in the body?

Proteins play a major role in the growth and repair of body tissues. Signup and view all the answers

Define metabolism.

Metabolism is the chemical process by which the body breaks down food to release energy. Signup and view all the answers

What are calories?

Calories are units of energy released when nutrients are broken down. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of carbohydrates?

Simple carbohydrates and complex carbohydrates. Signup and view all the answers

____________ is a type of complex carbohydrate that is found in plants.

Fiber Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of fats found in food?

Saturated fats, unsaturated fats, and trans fats. Signup and view all the answers

____________ is a waxy, fat-like substance that is found only in animal products.

Cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

These smaller substances that are the building blocks of proteins are known as ____________.

amino acids Signup and view all the answers

Nutrients that are made by living things, required only in small amounts, and that assist many chemical reactions in the body are minerals.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins?

Fat-soluble vitamins dissolve in fatty materials, while water-soluble vitamins dissolve in water. Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamins fall into the two categories of fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins?

A, D, E, K Signup and view all the answers

Which of these foods is a good source of vitamin A?

Dark green vegetables Signup and view all the answers

Vitamins called ____________ help protect healthy cells from the damage caused by the normal aging process.

antioxidants Signup and view all the answers

Your body needs only small amounts of minerals, which are nutrients that occur naturally in rocks and soil.

True Signup and view all the answers

Which seven minerals are needed by the body in significant amounts?

Calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, chlorine, and sulfur. Signup and view all the answers

____________ is the process of maintaining a steady state inside your body.

Homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

What disease can be caused by a lack of calcium?

Osteoporosis Signup and view all the answers

What are the four main recommendations contained in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

Make smart food choices, balance food intake with physical activity, get the most nutrition from calories consumed, and handle food safely. Signup and view all the answers

What does the MyPyramid plan indicate?

The MyPyramid plan groups foods according to types and indicates how much should be eaten daily for a healthy diet. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nutrients and Energy

Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are the three nutrient classes that provide energy to the body.
Carbohydrates are the primary energy source for bodily functions.
Fats serve multiple roles: provide energy, form cell membranes, maintain body temperature, and protect nerves.
Proteins mainly help with tissue growth and repair, but can also supply energy.

Metabolism

Metabolism refers to the chemical processes that convert food into usable energy.
It enables the body to extract nutrients from food for daily activities.

Calories

Calories measure energy released from nutrients during breakdown.
Caloric intake varies based on age, physical activity level, gender, and body needs.

Carbohydrates

Two main types: simple carbohydrates (sugars) and complex carbohydrates (starches and fiber).
Fiber, a complex carbohydrate, is found in plants and supports digestive health.

Fats

Fats are categorized into saturated, unsaturated, and trans fats.
Cholesterol is a waxy substance present only in animal products.

Proteins and Amino Acids

Proteins consist of long chains of amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.

Vitamins and Minerals

Vitamins are organic compounds necessary for numerous bodily functions and are classified as fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) or water-soluble (B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, Pantothenic acid, Folate, Biotin, C).
Antioxidants are vitamins that protect cells from damage associated with aging and cancer.
Minerals are inorganic nutrients necessary in small amounts, primarily derived from rocks and soil.
Significant minerals include calcium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, chlorine, and sulfur.

Health Implications

A lack of calcium can lead to osteoporosis, a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones.

Dietary Guidelines

Key recommendations include making smart food choices, balancing food intake with physical activity, maximizing nutrition from calories, and practicing safe food handling.

MyPyramid Plan

The MyPyramid plan categorizes foods into groups and suggests daily intake amounts for a balanced diet.
The pyramid features six colored bands representing food groups, with the width of each band indicating the proportion of food recommended from that group.
Stair steps in the pyramid symbolize the importance of physical activity for maintaining overall health.

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Description

Test your knowledge with this quiz on Chapter 8, focusing on food and nutrition. Explore the roles of various nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, and understand how they supply energy to the body. This quiz is a great way to reinforce your learning on this crucial topic.