Food Analysis Chromatography

Study Notes

Ultraviolet-visible spectrometer is commonly used in chromatography to detect and quantify separated components.

Extraction, centrifugation, and filtration are commonly used sample preparation techniques prior to chromatography in food analysis.

Ion exchange chromatography is commonly used for separating and analyzing amino acids in food.

High performance liquid chromatography is commonly used for separating and analyzing sugars in food.

Maggots of the bluebottle fly (Protophormia sp.) are used medicinally to clean wounds by feeding on dead tissue and leaving healthy tissue untouched.
The maggots' saliva contains anti-bacterial chemicals, maintaining sterility in the wound area.
They are used to treat diabetic ulcers on the feet and other deep wounds away from organs or body cavities.

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is used to inspect topographies of specimens at high magnifications (up to 300,000 X).
SEM applications often require magnifications of less than 3,000 X.
SEM works by focusing a beam of electrons onto a specimen, dislodging secondary electrons, which are then collected and translated into a signal, producing an image of the topography.

TEM is analogous to a slide projector.
In a conventional TEM, a thin specimen is irradiated with an electron beam, and electrons are emitted from the electron gun and illuminate the specimen through a condenser lens system.
The objective lens forms an image or diffraction pattern of the specimen, which is then magnified and viewed on a fluorescent screen or recorded digitally.
Acceleration voltage (up to 3 MV) determines the resolution of the microscope.

Maggots of the bluebottle fly (Protophormia sp.) are used medicinally to clean wounds by feeding on dead tissue and leaving healthy tissue untouched.
The maggots' saliva contains anti-bacterial chemicals, maintaining sterility in the wound area.
They are used to treat diabetic ulcers on the feet and other deep wounds away from organs or body cavities.

Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is used to inspect topographies of specimens at high magnifications (up to 300,000 X).
SEM applications often require magnifications of less than 3,000 X.
SEM works by focusing a beam of electrons onto a specimen, dislodging secondary electrons, which are then collected and translated into a signal, producing an image of the topography.

TEM is analogous to a slide projector.
In a conventional TEM, a thin specimen is irradiated with an electron beam, and electrons are emitted from the electron gun and illuminate the specimen through a condenser lens system.
The objective lens forms an image or diffraction pattern of the specimen, which is then magnified and viewed on a fluorescent screen or recorded digitally.
Acceleration voltage (up to 3 MV) determines the resolution of the microscope.