Management of Acute Diarrhea: Oral Rehydration Therapy

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What is the first line of treatment in acute diarrhea?

Oral Rehydration Therapy (correct)

Kaolin

Loperamide

Probiotics

Why should homemade salt and sugar solutions not be recommended for ORT?

They induce osmotic diarrhoea

They lack glucose

Their electrolyte content cannot be guaranteed (correct)

They are too expensive

What solution should not be used to reconstitute ORT?

Boiled water

Milk

Fruit juice (correct)

Fizzy drinks

Why is ORT essential for infants and children?

It provides essential salts and fluids without stopping the diarrhea Signup and view all the answers

What electrolytes are typically found in sachets of powder for ORT?

Sodium as chloride and bicarbonate Signup and view all the answers

What does ORT aim to prevent or treat in patients with diarrhea?

Dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended amount of solution for a child aged 6-12 years?

200 mL Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fluids should be avoided to prevent worsening diarrhea?

Hypertonic fruit juices Signup and view all the answers

How does Loperamide act in the gut wall?

Reduces intestinal transit time Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Loperamide in reducing fecal incontinence?

Decreases anal sphincter tone Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT recommended to be taken along with antidiarrheals?

Coconut water Signup and view all the answers

Why should patients using Loperamide be reminded to drink extra fluids?

To avoid dehydration Signup and view all the answers

What type of foods might be best avoided by a patient advised to continue their usual diet?

Sugary foods Signup and view all the answers

What is a good first-aid item to take on holiday in case of diarrhea?

Loperamide Signup and view all the answers

What should family members do after going to the toilet in relation to hygiene with diarrhea?

Wash hands with soap and warm water Signup and view all the answers

In infants, what should breast- or bottle-feeding be supplemented with during diarrhea?

ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution) Signup and view all the answers

What is mentioned as essential in relation to diarrhea and school or work?

Avoid school or work for at least 48 hours after symptoms have settled Signup and view all the answers

What misconception regarding daily bowel movements is addressed in the text?

'Three movements/week' is the normal range Signup and view all the answers

What is a common way patients may describe constipation?

Experiencing bloating Signup and view all the answers

How is constipation generally characterized?

Unsatisfactory passage of hard, dry stools less frequently than normal Signup and view all the answers

Which age group has a higher prevalence of constipation?

People over 65 years old Signup and view all the answers

What is an indication for referral regarding changes in bowel habit?

Change lasting for 2 weeks or longer Signup and view all the answers

What role does the pharmacist have in relation to constipation?

Providing health education and reassurance to patients Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for the pharmacist to find out what the patient means by constipation?

To establish any change in bowel habit and its duration Signup and view all the answers

What can be a common cause of constipation?

A diet low in fiber Signup and view all the answers

What may contribute to aggravating constipation?

Caffeine intake Signup and view all the answers

Which condition may cause the presence of blood in the stool?

Piles (hemorrhoids) and anal fissures Signup and view all the answers

What lifestyle factor can be implicated in constipation?

Lack of exercise or reduced mobility Signup and view all the answers

What is a treatment goal for managing constipation?

Relieve constipation and re-establish normal bowel function Signup and view all the answers

How might changes in diet and lifestyle affect the occurrence of constipation?

They may result in constipation Signup and view all the answers