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Questions and Answers
What type of fluid is considered hard to compress?
What type of fluid is considered hard to compress?
- Viscous liquids
- Compressible fluids
- Gases under high pressure
- Incompressible fluids (correct)
When must compressibility be considered in fluid mechanics?
When must compressibility be considered in fluid mechanics?
- When the change in pressure is small
- When analyzing liquid flows
- Whenever pressure changes are significant (correct)
- Only in gases
How are gases characterized in terms of compressibility?
How are gases characterized in terms of compressibility?
- Only slightly compressible
- Easy to compress (correct)
- Always incompressible
- Not compressible at all
Which statement best describes the compressibility of incompressible fluids?
Which statement best describes the compressibility of incompressible fluids?
What happens to gases under low pressure changes?
What happens to gases under low pressure changes?
What happens to the displacement of the liquid when the left piston moves downward?
What happens to the displacement of the liquid when the left piston moves downward?
What can be inferred about the relationship between force and area in this context?
What can be inferred about the relationship between force and area in this context?
Which of the following reflects the relationship between the forces acting on the pistons?
Which of the following reflects the relationship between the forces acting on the pistons?
In a hydraulic system, what must remain constant when the pistons are displaced?
In a hydraulic system, what must remain constant when the pistons are displaced?
How does the displacement of the liquid in one piston relate to the other piston?
How does the displacement of the liquid in one piston relate to the other piston?
What is the relationship between gauge pressure and absolute pressure?
What is the relationship between gauge pressure and absolute pressure?
Under what condition is gauge pressure expressed as a negative value?
Under what condition is gauge pressure expressed as a negative value?
What is the formula for calculating gauge pressure?
What is the formula for calculating gauge pressure?
If the absolute pressure is 800 kPa and the atmospheric pressure is 101.3 kPa, what is the gauge pressure?
If the absolute pressure is 800 kPa and the atmospheric pressure is 101.3 kPa, what is the gauge pressure?
Which statement accurately describes gauge pressure?
Which statement accurately describes gauge pressure?
What happens to the buoyant force if the volume of the fluid displaced increases?
What happens to the buoyant force if the volume of the fluid displaced increases?
Which of the following variables does NOT affect the buoyant force acting on an object in a fluid?
Which of the following variables does NOT affect the buoyant force acting on an object in a fluid?
In a scenario where a floating object is displaced, how is the buoyant force calculated?
In a scenario where a floating object is displaced, how is the buoyant force calculated?
If the density of the fluid increases while the volume of the displaced fluid remains constant, what happens to the buoyant force?
If the density of the fluid increases while the volume of the displaced fluid remains constant, what happens to the buoyant force?
What physical principle does the buoyant force rely on?
What physical principle does the buoyant force rely on?
What is P0 in the context of a U-tube manometer?
What is P0 in the context of a U-tube manometer?
Why is a high-density liquid like mercury used in a U-tube manometer?
Why is a high-density liquid like mercury used in a U-tube manometer?
What happens when the pressure p is large in relation to the height h measured in a U-tube manometer?
What happens when the pressure p is large in relation to the height h measured in a U-tube manometer?
What role does density play in the functioning of a U-tube manometer?
What role does density play in the functioning of a U-tube manometer?
Which of the following statements about U-tube manometers is incorrect?
Which of the following statements about U-tube manometers is incorrect?
Study Notes
Liquid & Gas Properties
- Liquids are difficult to compress (incompressible), while gases are easy to compress (compressible).
- When dealing with fluids, consider compressibility if the change in pressure is significant.
- Liquids are highly pressurized, while gases are not.
- Gauge pressure is calculated by subtracting atmospheric pressure from absolute pressure (gauge pressure = absolute pressure - atmospheric pressure).
- Gauge pressure expresses pressure under 1 atmospheric pressure as a negative value.
Pressure & Force Relationship
- Pressure is directly proportional to force and inversely proportional to area (P = F1 / A1 = F2 / A2).
- This means if the area increases, the force required to maintain the same pressure also increases.
Pascal's Law
- In a closed system, pressure applied to an incompressible fluid is transmitted equally throughout the fluid.
- This principle explains how a force applied to a small piston can be amplified to a larger force on a larger piston, as seen in hydraulic systems.
Fluid Pressure & Depth
- Pressure within a fluid increases linearly with depth.
- This is due to the weight of the fluid column above the point of measurement.
- The pressure at any point in a fluid is given by the equation: P = P0 + ρgh, where P0 is atmospheric pressure, ρ is fluid density, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is depth.
U-Tube Manometer
- A U-tube manometer is a device used to measure pressure differences.
- It typically contains a high-density liquid, such as mercury, to minimize the height difference needed for accurate readings.
Buoyant Force
- The buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.
- This buoyant force is directly proportional to the volume of the displaced fluid and the density of the fluid.
- The magnitude of the buoyant force can be calculated using the formula: B = ρfluid g Vdisp, where B is the buoyant force, ρfluid is the fluid density, g is acceleration due to gravity, and Vdisp is the volume of the displaced fluid.
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Description
Test your understanding of the fundamental properties of liquids and gases, including incompressibility and compressibility. Explore relationships between pressure, force, and area, and review Pascal's Law in closed systems. This quiz will challenge your knowledge of fluid mechanics concepts essential for various engineering applications.
