Florida Class C Water License Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Is chlorine heavier than air?

True

Who do you contact in the event of a chlorine leak?

fire department

What is best to use when looking for a chlorine leak?

ammonia soaked rag or swab

What is best to consume in case of exposure to chlorine?

milk Signup and view all the answers

What is a very strong acid?

Hydrofluoric Acid Signup and view all the answers

What do you get when you don't have good mixing?

short circuit Signup and view all the answers

What does non-carbonate hardness refer to?

permanent hardness Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of sedimentation in comparison to flash mixing and flocculation?

hours Signup and view all the answers

What term describes slowing the flow down in chemical processes?

detention time Signup and view all the answers

What are the correct order components for ion exchange?

service, backwash, brine, rinse Signup and view all the answers

In what form can you assume the sample is when no phenolphthalein alkalinity is present?

in bicarbonate form Signup and view all the answers

What color does the titrate turn when measuring hardness with EDTA?

pure blue Signup and view all the answers

What could cause hardness to be as high as raw water coming from lime softening?

too high carbon dioxide dose reducing pH Signup and view all the answers

What happens with enough lime added to magnesium carbonate?

becomes magnesium hydroxide Signup and view all the answers

When does magnesium bicarbonate convert to magnesium carbonate?

when pH is nearing 11.3 Signup and view all the answers

What happens when pH is rising toward 10.2?

calcium bicarbonate converts to calcium carbonate Signup and view all the answers

What can adding carbon dioxide cause?

pH is rising towards 8.3 Signup and view all the answers

What does a short circuit indicate in regards to flocculation mixing?

not high enough Signup and view all the answers

What can increased detention time in coagulation lead to?

increases effectiveness Signup and view all the answers

What should you look for during a visual observation?

turbulence, floc, distribution, short circuit Signup and view all the answers

What is the operator's responsibility in water treatment?

visual observation Signup and view all the answers

What are coagulation and flocculation processes a pretreatment for?

sedimentation and filtration Signup and view all the answers

What is tapered energy mixing?

the reducing of speeds in each basin Signup and view all the answers

At what pH do all bicarbonate compounds convert to carbonate forms?

11.3 Signup and view all the answers

What are lower alkalinity acids?

alum, sulfate, carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for using soda ash in the softening process?

to remove non-carbonate hardness Signup and view all the answers

What is the status of the finished water leaving the ion exchange unit?

corrosive Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if you have a problem in sedimentation?

look upstream Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is present when the pH is 8.3?

bicarbonate Signup and view all the answers

Is flocculation a slow or fast mixing process, and what does it help with?

slow, practical collision Signup and view all the answers

What does alkalinity measure?

the capacity to neutralize acids Signup and view all the answers

For every of alum added, mg/l of bicarbonate alkalinity must be available.

1.0 and 0.045 Signup and view all the answers

If the hardness is greater than total alkalinity, what do you have?

permanent hardness Signup and view all the answers

If calcium and magnesium bond with bicarbonate or carbonate, what type of hardness do you have?

temporary hardness Signup and view all the answers

What is reduced in each selective basin as the water goes through and speed reduces?

turbulence Signup and view all the answers

Why are vertical flocculators considered the best for use?

less maintenance and non-submersible bearings Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of flocculators? Match the type with its description.

Horizontal pattie = Type of flocculator Vertical flocculation = Type of flocculator Signup and view all the answers

Why is the frost that appears on the valves and flexible supply lines of the gas chlorine feed system dangerous?

internal chlorine ice may reliquify inside the supply lines, evaporate to gas and harm the operator when it causes the supply lines to come disconnected Signup and view all the answers

Which fire extinguisher should you not use in the MCC room on electrical fires?

pressurized water Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chlorine and Safety Protocols

Chlorine is indeed heavier than air, necessitating careful handling to avoid leaks.
In case of a chlorine leak, it is crucial to contact the fire department for immediate assistance.
To detect chlorine leaks, an ammonia-soaked rag or swab is recommended for testing near suspected areas.
If exposed to chlorine, consuming milk is advised to mitigate effects.

Chemical Properties and Reactions

Hydrofluoric acid is classified as a very strong acid, requiring careful handling.
Short circuits in systems indicate poor mixing, leading to ineffective chemical reactions.
Permanent hardness in water is characterized by non-carbonate minerals, impacting water quality.
Conditions such as too high carbon dioxide can prevent effective lime softening, allowing calcium and magnesium to dissolve back into solution.

Water Treatment Processes

Flash mixing lasts only seconds while flocculation can take minutes; sedimentation times can extend to hours.
Detention time is critical in coagulation, influencing the effectiveness of the overall treatment process.
Ion exchange processes should follow the correct order: service, backwash, brine, and rinse.
The presence of bicarbonate form indicates no phenolphthalein alkalinity in the sample.

Alkalinity and pH Relationships

A pH level nearing 11.3 signals the conversion of magnesium bicarbonate to magnesium carbonate.
Calcium bicarbonate converts to calcium carbonate as pH rises toward 10.2; this is achieved by adding more lime.
Adding carbon dioxide can influence a pH rise toward 8.3, impacting alkalinity and hardness levels.
Low alkalinity acids like alum sulfate and carbon dioxide help adjust hardness levels in treatment.

Observational and Operational Responsibilities

Operators must engage in visual observation, assessing turbidity, floc formation, and short-circuiting in treatment settings.
Reducing speeds in each basin is essential for tapered energy mixing, crucial for effective water treatment.
When issues arise in sedimentation, looking upstream for potential sources of the problem is recommended.

Hardness Classification

Hardness greater than total alkalinity suggests permanent hardness in water.
Temporary hardness occurs when calcium and magnesium bond with bicarbonate or carbonate.
The primary reason for using soda ash in softening processes is to address non-carbonate hardness.

System Maintenance and Equipment

Vertical flocculators require less maintenance and utilize non-submersible bearings, making them advantageous.
Two types of flocculators include horizontal paddle and vertical configurations.
Careful handling of chlorine systems is critical: frost on valves indicates potential danger from gas leaks during operational incidents.

Safety Measures

In fire emergencies, the use of pressurized water fire extinguishers in electrical rooms is prohibited to avoid hazards.

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Description

Test your knowledge on chlorine safety and emergency response with these flashcards designed for the Florida Class C Water License. Each card presents key definitions and critical actions to take in the event of a chlorine leak. Perfect for students preparing for their licensing exam.