Florida Civic Literacy Exam Study Guide
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Questions and Answers

Which United States Supreme Court holding impacted the way that religious practice was approached in public schools?

Engel v. Vitale (1962)

Which of the following correctly pairs a document with a core theme of that document?

  • Articles of Confederation - Established the principle of consent of the governed
  • Magna Carta - Established the principle of rule of law (correct)
  • U.S. Constitution - Formed a unitary government
  • Declaration of Independence - Formed a state-centered government

    • What is the minimum number of members of the U.S. House of Representatives representing each state?

    one

    What is a purpose of civil rights movements?

    <p>to secure equalities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the social contract?

    <p>The people give up some liberty to receive governmental protection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of representation?

    <p>The U.S. Congress passes a law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who does a U.S. Senator represent?

    <p>the residents of a single state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which document provided a rationale for the Declaration of Independence?

    <p>Common Sense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two natural rights identified in the Declaration of Independence?

    <p>life and liberty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many U.S. Senators represent each state?

    <p>two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length of a U.S. President's elected term?

    <p>four years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one branch of the U.S. federal government?

    <p>legislative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the U.S. Constitution do?

    <p>It sets up a federal government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phrase from a letter written by Abigail Adams to her husband John Adams in 1776 is reflected in the Nineteenth Amendment?

    <p>&quot;I desire you would Remember the Ladies, and be more generous and favourable to them&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phrase from a letter written by President Thomas Jefferson in 1802 reflects a freedom in the Bill of Rights?

    <p>&quot;building a wall of separation between Church &amp; State&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cases focused on the rights of public school students?

    <p>Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) and Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is in charge of the executive branch?

    <p>the President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is due process?

    <p>fair treatment in judicial proceedings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents the principle of consent of the governed?

    <p>Individuals elect members of the House of Representatives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a power reserved to the states?

    <p>creating school systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement from the English Bill of Rights is reflected in the U.S. Constitution's Eighth Amendment?

    <p>&quot;That excessive bail ought not to be required...nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted;&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the authors of the Declaration of Independence, who is responsible for protecting natural rights?

    <p>the government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who signs proposed bills into federal laws?

    <p>the President of the United States</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many amendments does the U.S. Constitution currently have?

    <p>27</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a democratic process?

    <p>The people elect a Governor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phrase from the English Bill of Rights (1689) is reflected in the U.S. Constitution's Third Amendment?

    <p>&quot;That...keeping a standing army within the kingdom in time of peace...is against law&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario represents a violation of the Equal Protection Clause?

    <p>A state law establishes a higher minimum wage for men than for women.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is an example of petitioning the government?

    <p>lobbying officials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the first two paragraphs of the Declaration of Independence called?

    <p>the Preamble</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of government was created to reflect the colonists' position that governments derive their powers from the consent of the governed?

    <p>the legislature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which United States Supreme Court decision focused on how states count popular votes for president and vice president?

    <p>Bush v. Gore (2000)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two steps are required in order for someone to become Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court?

    <p>nomination by the President, confirmation by the Senate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure found in the U.S. Constitution was included as a response to a concern expressed in the Declaration of Independence?

    <p>separation of powers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which United States Supreme Court decision was based on the Equal Protection Clause?

    <p>Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who has the power to veto bills?

    <p>the President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does Article I, Section 7 of the U.S. Constitution require that tax bills be introduced in the House of Representatives?

    <p>because the original English colonists were taxed without their consent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a shared power in the federal system?

    <p>collecting taxes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the U.S. Constitution protects the freedom of religion?

    <p>the Bill of Rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The U.S. Constitution requires that the President be elected by whom?

    <p>the Electoral College</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which United States Supreme Court case established the power of judicial review?

    <p>Marbury v. Madison (1803)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pairs of United States Supreme Court cases resulted in limiting the power for local governments?

    <p>Brown v. Board of Education (1954) and District of Columbia v. Heller (2008)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what 1620 document do the writers form a 'civil body politic'?

    <p>the Mayflower Compact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which government officials are elected by the people?

    <p>mayors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phrase in the U.S. Constitution addresses the power to seize property?

    <p>eminent domain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Seventeenth Amendment?

    <p>to promote democratic participation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which document represents the supreme law of the land?

    <p>the U.S. Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a core theme of the Federalist Papers?

    <p>The proposed Constitution should be ratified.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which document was adopted by the newly independent United States to organize the national government after declaring independence?

    <p>the Articles of Confederation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a core theme of the Anti-Federalist Papers?

    <p>Government should support enumerated individual rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If both the U.S. President and the U.S. Vice President are unable to serve, who acts as president?

    <p>the Speaker of the House</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which right from the English Bill of Rights is reflected in the U.S. Constitution's First Amendment?

    <p>&quot;to petition the king&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is Commander in Chief of the military?

    <p>the President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one power of the U.S. Senate?

    <p>ratify international treaties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is popular sovereignty?

    <p>rule by the people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Declaration of Independence do?

    <p>declared independence from Great Britain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'rule of law'?

    <p>No one is above the law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pairs of cases impacted First Amendment rights?

    <p>Texas v. Johnson (1989) and Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the U.S. Constitution resolve the dispute between slave and free states over representation?

    <p>Three-Fifths Compromise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length of a U.S. Representative's elected term?

    <p>two years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which right did the colonists consider 'inalienable' in the Declaration of Independence?

    <p>pursuit of happiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which United States Supreme Court case focused on executive privilege?

    <p>U.S. v. Nixon (1974)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pairs of cases limited the rights of African Americans?

    <p>Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) and Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did many colonists fight the British during the American Revolution?

    <p>because they opposed taxation without representation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of judicial review?

    <p>the power of the Supreme Court to find laws unconstitutional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which point of view is reflected in Common Sense?

    <p>Representatives should be elected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cases impacted interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment?

    <p>Brown v. Board of Education (1954)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phrase from a letter written by Sarah Grimké in 1837 is reflected in the Fourteenth Amendment?

    <p>&quot;I ask no favors for my sex. I surrender not our claim to equality.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which United States Supreme Court case focused on whether an enslaved person, having lived in free territory, should be free?

    <p>Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which United States Supreme Court decision resulted in reduced power for state governments?

    <p>Roe v. Wade (1973)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which United States Supreme Court decision was based on the Free Exercise Clause?

    <p>West Virginia v. Barnette (1943)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Selective Service System?

    <p>to draft for compulsory military service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a right reserved for U.S. citizens only?

    <p>running for federal office</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents the goal of the Supremacy Clause?

    <p>States may not pass laws that conflict with federal laws.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of federalism?

    <p>the principle that the national and state governments share power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first phrase of the U.S. Constitution?

    <p>&quot;We the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one chamber of the U.S. Congress?

    <p>Senate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the holding in the United States Supreme Court case Miranda v. Arizona (1966) impact criminal defendants?

    <p>It established that defendants were protected against self-incrimination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) impact states' rights?

    <p>It reduced the ability of states to place restrictions on Second Amendment rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cases reinforced the power of the courts?

    <p>Marbury v. Madison (1803)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution called?

    <p>the Bill of Rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was established by a constitutional amendment?

    <p>The President may serve no more than two elected terms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the holding in the United States Supreme Court case Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) impact criminal defendants?

    <p>It established that defendants had the right to counsel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the length of a U.S. Senator's elected term?

    <p>six years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which United States Supreme Court case is correctly paired with the constitutional amendment on which it focused?

    <p>Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010) - First Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cases impacted Fourth Amendment protections at the state level?

    <p>Mapp v. Ohio (1961)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which United States Supreme Court decision was based on the Necessary and Proper Clause?

    <p>McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the U.S. Constitution, which part of government was intended to hold the least power?

    <p>the judiciary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which United States Supreme Court decision was based on the First Amendment?

    <p>Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one responsibility of only U.S. citizens?

    <p>serving on a jury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cases held that reproductive rights were an element of the right to privacy under the Bill of Rights and the Fourteenth Amendment?

    <p>Roe v. Wade (1973)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The colonists used a political cartoon with the caption 'Join or Die' to support which action?

    <p>forming their own government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which United States Supreme Court case held that persons accused of crimes must be advised of their Fifth and Sixth Amendment rights upon their arrest?

    <p>Miranda v. Arizona (1966)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cases reinforced the federal government's authority to run a federal institution without interference by a state?

    <p>McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one qualification to serve as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives?

    <p>be at least 25 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following documents provided an outline for a state-centered government?

    <p>Articles of Confederation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phrase is included in the Declaration of Independence?

    <p>&quot;all men are created equal&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one right included in the First Amendment?

    <p>free speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Supreme Court ruling held that the authors of the U.S. Constitution did not intend for African Americans to be U.S. citizens?

    <p>Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?

    <p>checks and balances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the highest federal court in the United States?

    <p>the Supreme Court</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    U.S. Supreme Court Cases and Decisions

    • Engel v. Vitale (1962): Impacted religious practices in public schools by ruling that school-sponsored prayer is unconstitutional.
    • Tinker v. Des Moines (1969): Established First Amendment rights for students in public schools.
    • Plessy v. Ferguson (1896): Upheld state segregation laws under the doctrine of "separate but equal."
    • Brown v. Board of Education (1954): Declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional, reinforcing equal protection under the law.
    • Roe v. Wade (1973): Established reproductive rights as part of the right to privacy under the Bill of Rights.
    • Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857): Ruled that African Americans could not be U.S. citizens and thus had no standing to sue in federal court.
    • Bush v. Gore (2000): Resolved the contested 2000 presidential election, focusing on how states count popular votes.
    • Marbury v. Madison (1803): Established the principle of judicial review, allowing courts to invalidate laws conflicting with the Constitution.
    • U.S. v. Nixon (1974): Addressed executive privilege, ruling that the president is not above the law.

    Key Constitutional Principles

    • Due Process: Ensures fair treatment in judicial proceedings; protected under the Fourteenth Amendment.
    • Consent of the Governed: Individuals elect representatives, a principle reflected in the election of House members.
    • Separation of Powers: A constitutional structure responding to the fears of concentrated governmental power.
    • Checks and Balances: Prevents any one branch of government from becoming too powerful, ensuring accountability.

    Legislative Structure and Responsibilities

    • U.S. House of Representatives: Minimum of one member from each state, elected for two-year terms, with members responsible for introducing tax bills.
    • U.S. Senate: Each state is represented by two senators, elected for six-year terms. The Senate has the power to ratify treaties.
    • Legislative Branch: One of the three branches of federal government responsible for making laws.

    Civic Engagement and Rights

    • Civil Rights Movements: Aim to secure equal rights and eliminate discrimination.
    • Petitioning the Government: Actions such as lobbying officials exemplify civic engagement in advocating for change.
    • Natural Rights: Identified in the Declaration of Independence are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, emphasizing individual rights.
    • First Amendment Rights: Include freedom of speech, religion, and the right to petition; critical for democratic participation.

    Governmental Powers and Limitations

    • Federalism: The division of power between national and state governments, exemplified by shared powers such as tax collection.
    • Eminent Domain: The government's right to seize private property for public use, with compensation.
    • Judicial Review: The power of courts to assess the constitutionality of legislative and executive actions.

    Historical Documents and Their Influences

    • Declaration of Independence: Declared independence from Great Britain and introduced the concept of natural rights.
    • Magna Carta: Established the principle of the rule of law, influencing later constitutional developments.
    • Bill of Rights: The first ten amendments to the Constitution that enumerate individual rights and protections against government overreach.

    Civic Responsibilities and Rights

    • Responsibilities of U.S. Citizens: Include serving on a jury and participating in elections.
    • Inalienable Rights: Rights that individuals cannot surrender or transfer, listed in the Declaration of Independence.
    • Qualifications for Congress: Representatives must be at least 25 years old, while senators must be at least 30.

    Important Legislative Amendments

    • Seventeenth Amendment: Promotes democratic participation by allowing the direct election of senators by the people.
    • Equal Protection Clause: Part of the Fourteenth Amendment that prohibits discrimination and unequal treatment under the law.
    • Bill of Rights: Provides fundamental rights, ensuring freedoms such as speech, assembly, and religion.

    Use these key points for the Florida Civic Literacy Exam, focusing on understanding the relationship between historical documents, Supreme Court cases, and constitutional principles.

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    Prepare for the Florida Civic Literacy Exam with these flashcards that cover crucial topics related to U.S. history and government. Learn about landmark Supreme Court cases and significant documents that shaped American democracy. Ideal for students looking to enhance their civic knowledge.

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