Flame Test Lab Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is white light?

A continuous spectrum in which all wavelengths of visible light are present

What is the equation describing the energy of a photon?

E = hv (Planck's constant * frequency)

The difference in energies between two levels is emitted in the form of?

Photon of electromagnetic radiation

What is the measurement range for white light?

<p>Between 400 and 700 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which has loosely held electrons, metals or nonmetals?

<p>Metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the color of the flame a combination of?

<p>Combination of wavelength of each transition</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a colored flame produced?

<p>The emission of energy in the visible portion of the spectrum as those electrons return to lower energy levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a flame test indicate about the electron energy changes in a metallic ion?

<p>Indicates the specific energy change occurring in the ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does a metallic ion produce a characteristic color in a flame test?

<p>Only cation's/metal loosely held electrons are excited</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which color has the shortest and longest wavelength?

<p>Shortest- Violet, Longest- Red</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is chalk made up of?

<p>Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What salt is pale yellow?

<p>Barium nitrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What salt is green?

<p>Copper (II) chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

What salt is dark red?

<p>Lithium nitrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color is potassium nitrate?

<p>Peach</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color is sodium chloride?

<p>Bright yellow</p> Signup and view all the answers

What salt is an orangey color?

<p>Calcium chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

What salt is light red?

<p>Strontium nitrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color is copper (II) chloride?

<p>Green</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color is lithium nitrate?

<p>Dark red</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color is barium nitrate?

<p>Pale yellow</p> Signup and view all the answers

What salt is a peach color?

<p>Potassium nitrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What salt is bright yellow?

<p>Sodium chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

What salt is an orangey color?

<p>Calcium chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color is strontium nitrate?

<p>Light red</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that produces the colors seen in flame tests?

<p>The atom starts in the ground state, absorbs energy, and emits a photon of light</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does cross-contamination ruin the results of the experiment?

<p>It produces a mixture of colors due to energy level changes of different ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship of the colors you see and the lines of the electromagnetic spectrum produced by the metals?

<p>The colors we see are a combination of the lines of the visible spectrum produced by the metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

When a glass rod is heated, a yellow flame is produced. What does it indicate?

<p>The bright yellow flame indicates there are sodium compounds used in the making of glass</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equation to figure out the energy of a photon with a wavelength given?

<p>E = hc/λ</p> Signup and view all the answers

What other equipment could be used in this experiment without burners?

<p>A lighter and anything flammable like alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are metallic salts used in fireworks?

<p>Salts are heated producing excited state atoms, which emit colors when returning to ground state</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

White Light and Electromagnetic Radiation

  • White light consists of a continuous spectrum with all visible light wavelengths present.
  • Energy of a photon is calculated using the equation E = hv, where h is Planck's constant (6.6262 x 10^-34 J s).
  • The energy difference between two electron levels results in the emission of a photon of electromagnetic radiation.

Flame Test Fundamentals

  • Measurement of white light occurs between 400 nm and 700 nm (4 x 10^-7 m to 7 x 10^-7 m).
  • Metals possess loosely held electrons, which contribute to their characteristic colors in flame tests.
  • The color of a flame corresponds to the combination of wavelengths emitted during electron transitions.

Flame Color Production

  • A colored flame is produced when electrons release energy and return to lower energy levels within an atom.
  • Flame tests indicate specific energy changes occurring among electrons in metallic ions, revealing the ion's identity.
  • The color resulting from a flame test is consistent for certain metallic ions regardless of the ion's source compound.

Wavelength Characteristics

  • Violet light has the shortest wavelength, while red light has the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum.

Common Metallic Salts and Their Colors

  • Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is the main component of chalk.
  • Barium Nitrate exhibits a pale yellow color.
  • Copper (II) Chloride has a green appearance.
  • Lithium Nitrate is identified by its dark red color.
  • Potassium Nitrate exhibits a peach hue.
  • Sodium Chloride gives a bright yellow color.
  • Calcium Chloride appears orangey.
  • Strontium Nitrate has a light red color.

Flame Test Process

  • The process of flame tests involves atoms starting in a ground state, absorbing energy from a Bunsen burner, and electrons jumping to excited states before returning and emitting light.
  • Cross-contamination in flame tests can skew results, producing a mix of colors due to combined energy level changes in different ions.

Relationship to Electromagnetic Spectrum

  • The colors seen during flame tests are a combination of the visible spectrum lines produced by the metals involved.

Specific Observations

  • A bright yellow flame produced when heating a glass rod indicates sodium compounds in the glass composition (75% SiO2, 25% NaO2, and CaO).
  • To calculate photon energy using a wavelength, the formula E = hc/lambda is used.
  • In flame tests, alternative equipment like a lighter (to provide spark/energy) and flammable materials (like alcohol) can substitute for Bunsen burners.

Applications in Fireworks

  • Metallic salts in fireworks are heated, causing atoms to enter an excited state; when they return to the ground state, they emit colored light, enhancing visual effects.

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Description

This quiz consists of flashcards related to the Flame Test Lab, covering key concepts such as white light, photon energy equations, and electron energy levels. Each card explains terms and definitions essential for understanding the behaviors of light in chemistry.

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