Fitting and Measuring Tools in Engineering

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Questions and Answers

What are the three types of fitting?

Running fit, Push fit, Force fit

What is the type of fit where the dimensions of both components are the same and can be fitted by gentle push?

Push fit

What is the type of fit where one component, say the female component, is slightly more than the male component, and the components can be dismantled easily?

Running fit

What type of fit requires force to assemble the components?

Force fit Signup and view all the answers

What is the L.C. of steel rule in mm and inch scale?

0.5 mm, 1/64 inch Signup and view all the answers

Which type of punch is used for locating centre for identification mark for drilling purpose?

Centre Punch Signup and view all the answers

Which type of punch is used for identification marks?

Prick Punch Signup and view all the answers

What is the angle of the dot punch?

60° Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of hacksaws based on their frame?

Fixed frame and adjustable frame Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of files based on their blade?

Hard and flexible Signup and view all the answers

What are the five basic types of welding joints?

Butt joint, Lap joint, Corner joint, Edge joint, Tee joint Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of welding processes based on their energy source?

Chemical energy, Mechanical energy, Electrical energy and Radiation energy Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of welding processes based on whether or not an arc is used?

Arc based welding and Non-arc based welding Signup and view all the answers

What are the arc-based welding processes?

Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), Plasma arc welding (PAW), Gas metal arc welding (GMAW), Flux cored arc welding (FCAW) and Submerged arc welding (SAW). Signup and view all the answers

What are the most common shapes of files?

Flat, round, square, triangular, knife-edge Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of drilling?

Drilling is a common process widely used for making holes in metal pieces in a fitting shop. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of drills used for metal working?

Flat drill, Straight fluted drill, Twist drill Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of turning?

Turning is the process of removing undesired raw material from the piece of work and give it a cylindrical shape and size. Signup and view all the answers

What are the common operations that can be performed on a lathe machine?

Cutting, Facing, Knurling, Deformation, Metal spinning, and Thermal spraying. Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of lathe machines?

Automatic, Speed, Engine, Bench, Capstan, Special Production, Pool Room Signup and view all the answers

What are the principal components of a Central Lathe?

Head Stock, Tool post, Carriage, Leg and Bed. Signup and view all the answers

What are the main types of Conventional lathes?

Engine Lathe, Speed Lathe and Capstan Lathe. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Tool Room Lathe?

This lathe is specifically designed for precision work in tool rooms and is equipped with various tools and features enabling fine detail work. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Head Stock?

The Head Stock mounts rigidly on the bed and is responsible for holding all the mechanisms that control the spindle rotation, including pulleys, gears, and a variety of speed settings. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Bed?

The Bed serves as the foundation for the entire lathe and provides a stable platform for the Head Stock, Tail Stock, and Carriage to move freely along the length of the machine. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Tool Post?

The Tool Post is responsible for securely clamping the cutting tool in place, ensuring its proper height and position relative to the workpiece's center. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Cross Slide?

The Cross Slide provides automatic cross-movement for cutting operations, enabling the tool to move perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Compound Slide?

The Compound Slide on the carriage allows for simultaneous longitudinal and cross-feed movements, enabling the cutting tool to move in both directions, which is crucial for creating tapers and angles. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Feed Rod?

The Feed Rod is a vital component of the carriage, responsible for transmitting power and motion to the lead screw, which in turn moves the carriage linearly along the lathe's axis. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of chucks?

3-Jaw Self Centering Chuck and 4-Jaw Independent Chuck. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Chuck Key?

The Chuck Key is a specialized tool used to secure and release the workpiece from the Chuck, providing a simple and effective way to clamp or unclamp the workpiece. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Vernier Caliper?

The Vernier Caliper is a visual measuring tool, allowing for precise and accurate measurement of dimensions, providing a reliable means of gauging the size and shape of objects. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the V-shaped single point cutting tool?

V-shaped single point cutting tools are used for turning, shaping, and other machining operations, providing a precise and controlled removal of material. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Knurling Tool?

The Knurling Tool creates a textured pattern on metal surfaces, usually for improved grip, aesthetics, or improved functionality of a part. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Surface Gauge?

The Surface Gauge is used as a non-precision instrument for drawing parallel lines and identifying the center of round metal pieces. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Wooden Brush?

The Wooden Brush is used for removing scrap material from the work-piece, particularly after machining operations. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Drawing Sheet?

The Drawing Sheet contains a detailed drawing of the intended work piece that serves as a visual blueprint for creating and machining the object. This visual representation plays a crucial role in guiding the machining process and ensuring accuracy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Drill Chuck?

The Drill Chuck is commonly used to hold drill bits or other rotary tools, providing a secure way to position and rotate the tools for drilling or other machining operations on the lathe. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Revolving Centre?

While it's not as frequently used as the Live Centre due to potential accuracy issues, the Revolving Centre serves as a supporting point for rotating work pieces during machining on the lathe Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Steel Rule and the Try Square?

The Steel Rule and the Try Square are used to measure and check for accuracy in various aspects of sheet metal work, ensuring that the dimensions and angles are precise. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Chipping Hammer?

Used after welding to remove unwanted slag or imperfections, the Chipping Hammer plays a crucial role in achieving a smooth and clean finish on the weld. Signup and view all the answers

What are the common weld defects?

Lack of Fusion, Lack of Penetration/Excess, Cracking, Undercutting, and Slag Inclusions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Soldering Iron?

The Soldering Iron is a tool used to melt and apply solder to a joint, providing a heat source for the solder to flow into the joint and create a strong bond between the two work pieces. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

FITTING

Fitting is the assembling and disassembling of parts, often involving multiple operations to achieve desired shapes and sizes.
Fitters are the people who perform fitting operations.
Fitting is done in a fitting section.
Types of fitting include: Running fit, Push fit, and Force fit.

TYPES OF FITTING

Running Fit: The female component is slightly larger than the male component, allowing easy assembly and disassembly.
Push Fit: Components have identical or nearly identical dimensions, fitting with a gentle push.
Force Fit: The male component is slightly larger than the female component; its assembly requires force.

MEASURING TOOLS

Steel Rule: Used for measuring length, width, thickness, employing various scales.
Try Square: Used to check right angles and for marking straight lines. The blade is made of mild steel, the beam of light carbon steel.

MARKING TOOLS

Scriber: Used for accurately scratching lines on metal surfaces. Made of high carbon steel, its point is hardened and tempered for durability and a 13-15° angle.
Divider: Used for creating circles and arcs on metal sheets, or to locate the centre of a round object. Features easy setting and maintaining measurements.
Punch: For creating identification marks or scribing lines on metal using different types—dot punch (60°), center punch (90°), and prick punch (30°). Usually high carbon steel.

STRIKING TOOLS

Hammers: Used for delivering impact force to objects (e.g., nails, metalwork). Different hammer types exist (ball-pane, straight-pane, cross-pane, etc.), each suited for different tasks. Key parts include the face (flat surface), eyehole (for handle), neck, and check.

CUTTING TOOLS

Hacksaw: Used for sawing soft metals. Consists of a frame, handle, wing nut, saw, and retaining pin. The blade is high carbon steel; teeth should point forward.
File: Used to shape, smooth, or cut softer metals. It has hardened steel with slanting rows of teeth; grades may range from rough to smooth.

HOLDING TOOLS

Vices: Used for holding objects firmly. Type depend on the task (e.g., hand vice, bench vice, machine vice, carpenter's vice, shaper vice, leg vice, pipe vice, pin vice).
Clamps: Used to secure components in a specific position during various tasks. (G clamp, plane slot, goose neck, double end finger, U-clamp, parallel jaw, clamping block).

FILES (BASED ON SHAPE AND GRADE)

Files are classified by shape (flat, round, triangular, square, knife edge) and grade (rough, smooth, dead smooth, bastard). Hard files are used for finishing square work, while flat files are used for flat surfaces.

DRILLING

Drilling is making holes in metal pieces; a common fitting shop operation. Tools used include flat drill, straight fluted drill, and twist drill (with 118° cutting angle).

Additional Information about Sheets

There are various types of sheets (Iron, G.I., Aluminum, Copper, Tin, Lead, Alloy).

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Description

Explore the concepts of fitting, including types like running fit, push fit, and force fit. Learn about essential measuring and marking tools such as the steel rule and try square. This quiz delves into the critical aspects of fitting operations in engineering and the tools used for precision.