Fish Biology Exam #2 Study Guide: Trophic Ecology Outline #1

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What is the main reason why fish eat according to the provided text?

To produce entropy

To obtain essential nutrients (correct)

To increase their body weight

To synthesize amino acids

Which of the following is NOT considered an essential amino acid for fish?

Alanine (correct)

Threonine

Leucine

Valine

Why are essential fatty acids important for fish's diets?

To produce energy

To ensure growth, development, and overall health (correct)

To improve swimming abilities

To regulate body temperature

Why is it important to include specific sources of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in a fish's feed?

To meet the fish's nutritional needs for growth and health Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of vitamins in fish metabolism?

To serve as organic enzyme co-factors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a source of nutrients that fish need for their diets, according to the text?

Chlorophyll Signup and view all the answers

What is one factor that affects the cost of processing food?

Size of prey Signup and view all the answers

What does Optimal Foraging Theory predict about prey size?

Optimal foraging predicts an optimal size range of prey. Signup and view all the answers

Which cost is largely associated with processing protein according to the text?

Specific Dynamic Action (SDA) Signup and view all the answers

How does predation risk influence the motivation to feed according to the text?

High predation risk may deter feeding. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor decreases predation risk in terms of conspecifics?

Shoaling Signup and view all the answers

What type of models add encounter frequency and success to determine optimal foraging size?

Modern models Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fish invests more energy and less time foraging as a result of having increased control and protective ability?

Nesters Signup and view all the answers

What type of fish sacrifices hydrodynamic efficiency and inherits a greater predator risk, but gains increased protection and control on gestation?

External bearers Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fish includes species like Chromis chromis and Pomoxis annularis?

Substrate choosers Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of fish classified as 'miscellaneous materials' nesters?

They use random plant material for nesting. Signup and view all the answers

Which fish species would most likely be a 'mouthbrooder' based on the given information?

Guarders Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes 'skin breeders', such as Oryzias latipes, from other types of bearers?

They carry their eggs on their skin. Signup and view all the answers

Which mode of fertilization involves touching cloacae and transferring sperm?

Cloacal Signup and view all the answers

In which type of reproductive system do individuals within a species exist as distinct male and female sexes?

Gonochoristic sexes Signup and view all the answers

Which environmental factor usually results in more males in terms of sex determination?

Increased temperatures Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of fertilization where eggs are usually pelagic and plankton-like, with low male investment?

External Signup and view all the answers

Which pattern of sex changes refers to the male being dominant first, followed by one dominant female and multiple males?

Protandry Signup and view all the answers

In which mode of fertilization do catfish drink sperm but do not consume it?

Cloacal Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between search speed and foraging modes in fish?

Search speed is expensive but can yield food in various foraging modes. Signup and view all the answers

How does prey selection relate to food webs and ecosystems?

Prey selection impacts food webs and the human impact on ecosystems. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between top-down and bottom-up regulation in food webs?

Top-down regulation involves predation effects on trophic systems. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of spawner releases eggs into the water column instead of depositing them onto the substrate?

Pelagic spawners like Gadus morhua (Cod) Signup and view all the answers

In reproductive ecology, what characterizes benthic spawners on coarse substrates?

They have pelagic free embryos and larvae. Signup and view all the answers

According to Henry David Thoreau, what did he believe in?

"I believe I’ll go fishing." Signup and view all the answers