First Responder Training Objectives

To prevent secretions from entering the airway.

This maneuver opens the airway by tilting the head back and lifting the chin.

This maneuver opens the airway by pushing the jaw forward, without tilting the head.

A therapy animal, like a dog or cat, trained to provide comfort and support to people.

A therapy animal that is specifically trained to provide support during active crisis and emergency situations.

A therapy animal prescribed by a mental health professional to provide comfort and support to their owner.

An animal trained to assist a person with a disability, like visual impairment, hearing loss, or mobility issues.

A condition where the body's temperature drops below 95 degrees Fahrenheit.

A condition when a body part becomes numb and loses color due to cold exposure.

An overdose occurs when a person takes too much of a substance, like drugs or alcohol.

A severe allergic reaction that can cause life-threatening symptoms.

A serious condition where the heart suddenly stops beating.

A condition where the arteries narrow due to plaque buildup, potentially leading to heart problems.

A condition where the heart doesn't receive enough oxygen, causing chest pain.

A sudden blockage of an artery supplying the heart, leading to heart damage.

An unconscious patient who has not suffered trauma should be placed in this position to help keep their airway open and allow secretions to drain from the mouth.

Automated External Defibrillator, a device that delivers an electrical shock to a heart in cardiac arrest.

Body Substance Isolation, a set of precautions used to prevent exposure to potentially infectious bodily fluids.

Standard Precautions, a set of practices that treat all blood and bodily fluids as potentially infectious, regardless of the patient's known status. This is a core part of BSI.

The first medically trained person to arrive at the scene of an emergency. They perform initial care until more qualified help arrives.

DOTS is a mnemonic used to assess for signs of injury. It stands for deformities, open wounds, tenderness, and swelling.

SAMPLE is a mnemonic used to gather information during patient assessment. It stands for signs and symptoms, allergies, medications, pertinent past medical history, last oral intake, and events leading up to the incident.

One of the vital signs assessed on a patient. Normal resting respiratory rate is 12-20 breaths per minute. Measure and observe quality of breathing.

The process of assessing the patient's level of responsiveness, using the AVPU scale (Awake & Alert, Responsive to Verbal, Responsive to Pain, Unresponsive).

In the context of emergency medical care, this is when the patient does not explicitly refuse treatment. The law assumes that if the patient was conscious, they would consent to emergency care.

The patient understands what you are doing, why, and what treatment involves. They verbally or non-verbally agree to the treatment. They must be of legal age and able to make a rational decision.

A legal aspect of negligence where a First Responder's actions (or inaction) fall below the standard of care expected of someone with their level of training. Providing incorrect or insufficient care, or providing care you are not trained for, may be considered breach of duty.

The negligence standard in first responder contexts. It means treating the patient the best you can, using the level of skills and knowledge someone with your training would be expected to have.

You are obligated to provide emergency medical care within the limits of your training and available equipment. Don't hesitate to act.

Medical Orders for Life Sustaining Treatment. A medical form that relays patient's wishes regarding life-sustaining treatment in case of a medical emergency. Important to check validity and compliance with state law.

Health Information Portability and Accountability Act - A law that protects the privacy of a patient's health information. This law establishes exceptions for law enforcement in cases of investigating crimes, identifying suspects, or locating missing people.

The sudden episode of uncontrolled electrical impulses in the brain, causing involuntary muscle contractions.

The body's natural response to help regulate temperature when exposed to excessive heat.

Occurs when the body is unable to regulate temperature effectively, causing involuntary muscle spasms and pain.

Characterized by excessive sweating, dizziness, nausea, and weakness, indicating the body's inability to regulate temperature.

A serious condition where the body's temperature regulation system fails, leading to a dangerously high internal temperature.

A condition marked by shortness of breath, rapid shallow breathing, gurgling in the respiratory system, profuse sweating, swollen ankles, and anxiety.

A condition characterized by chest pain caused by insufficient blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle, commonly triggered by exertion or stress.

The type of seizure that affects the entire body and leads to shaking movements, lasting 1 to 2 minutes.

Seizure caused by a sudden high fever, commonly seen in infants and young children.

A type of seizure characterized by a brief loss of consciousness, accompanied by staring, blinking, or jerking of a body part.

Providing support and care to a patient experiencing a seizure, including protecting them from injury, ensuring airway patency, and monitoring their vital signs.

The immediate care needed when someone experiences a heart attack, including ensuring the patient is comfortable, assessing their existing medical conditions, and preparing for CPR or AED use.

The immediate care provided to a patient experiencing a heart attack, including ensuring their comfort, assessing their medical conditions, and preparing for CPR or AED use.

A method of controlling bleeding by applying direct pressure to the wound, using gauze or a clean cloth.

A method of controlling bleeding by raising the injured limb above the heart to reduce blood flow.

A device used to constrict blood flow to a limb, usually used as a last resort to control severe bleeding.

Specific points on the body where pressure can be applied to control bleeding from arteries.

A type of burn that affects only the outermost layer of skin, causing redness and pain.

A type of burn that damages the top layers of skin, causing blisters, pain, and fluid loss.

A type of burn that damages all layers of skin, destroying nerve endings and causing severe tissue damage.

A burn caused by direct contact with heat, such as flames or hot objects.

A burn that affects the airways, caused by inhaling smoke or hot gases.

A burn caused by a chemical substance coming into contact with the skin.

A burn caused by the passage of electrical current through the body, damaging internal tissues and organs.

A condition where the body's inability to regulate blood sugar properly, resulting in high blood sugar levels.

A condition where the body has too much insulin and not enough blood sugar, leading to low blood sugar levels.

A condition where there is pain and tenderness in the abdomen, often caused by irritation or inflammation.

A condition where the aorta, the main artery in the body, weakens and bulges, potentially leading to a tear or rupture.