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Questions and Answers
What was a major contributing factor to the rise of factory systems in the United States?
What was a major contributing factor to the rise of factory systems in the United States?
Which of the following inventions significantly improved the efficiency of cotton production?
Which of the following inventions significantly improved the efficiency of cotton production?
The Lowell System was a revolutionary concept because it:
The Lowell System was a revolutionary concept because it:
What was a major consequence of the Erie Canal's development?
What was a major consequence of the Erie Canal's development?
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What was the primary motivation for the widespread use of railroads in the United States?
What was the primary motivation for the widespread use of railroads in the United States?
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How did the Pony Express contribute to advancements in transportation?
How did the Pony Express contribute to advancements in transportation?
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What technological innovation was crucial to the development of the telegraph?
What technological innovation was crucial to the development of the telegraph?
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What major impact did the invention of the sewing machine have on American society?
What major impact did the invention of the sewing machine have on American society?
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Which of the following is a TRUE statement about the factory system's impact on the growth of cities?
Which of the following is a TRUE statement about the factory system's impact on the growth of cities?
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Which of the following is an accurate description of the Lowell System?
Which of the following is an accurate description of the Lowell System?
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Which of the following was NOT a major city in the early 19th century?
Which of the following was NOT a major city in the early 19th century?
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What form of entertainment was considered uniquely American in the early 19th century?
What form of entertainment was considered uniquely American in the early 19th century?
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What was a major reason for the increase in immigration to the United States during the Industrial Revolution?
What was a major reason for the increase in immigration to the United States during the Industrial Revolution?
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What impact did the invention of the steam engine have on the factory system?
What impact did the invention of the steam engine have on the factory system?
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Which of these is NOT a reason for the rise of the South's economic dependence on the North?
Which of these is NOT a reason for the rise of the South's economic dependence on the North?
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What was the primary purpose of clipper ships?
What was the primary purpose of clipper ships?
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What was a significant outcome of the war mentioned in the content?
What was a significant outcome of the war mentioned in the content?
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Who played a major role in the military strategies during this war?
Who played a major role in the military strategies during this war?
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What misconception did President Polk have about the dramatic expansion of the US?
What misconception did President Polk have about the dramatic expansion of the US?
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Which notable firsts were achieved in this war?
Which notable firsts were achieved in this war?
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What was one of the main impacts on Native Americans during and after the war?
What was one of the main impacts on Native Americans during and after the war?
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Which of the following terms describes the period of economic transformation in the US during the late 18th and early 19th centuries?
Which of the following terms describes the period of economic transformation in the US during the late 18th and early 19th centuries?
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What is the primary difference between subsistence agriculture and commercial farming?
What is the primary difference between subsistence agriculture and commercial farming?
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What does the text mean when it describes farming as "precarious"?
What does the text mean when it describes farming as "precarious"?
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Which of these was NOT a key characteristic of the First Industrial Revolution?
Which of these was NOT a key characteristic of the First Industrial Revolution?
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How did the First Industrial Revolution impact the US economy?
How did the First Industrial Revolution impact the US economy?
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What major event contributed to the significant Irish immigration in 1845?
What major event contributed to the significant Irish immigration in 1845?
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Why were the Irish perceived negatively by many Americans during this period?
Why were the Irish perceived negatively by many Americans during this period?
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Which group is primarily associated with the construction of railroads in the 1850s?
Which group is primarily associated with the construction of railroads in the 1850s?
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What was the primary goal of the Know-Nothings in the 19th century?
What was the primary goal of the Know-Nothings in the 19th century?
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What was the significance of the Commonwealth vs Hunt case in 1842?
What was the significance of the Commonwealth vs Hunt case in 1842?
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What name was given to the group of Nativists that formed in response to immigration in the 1830s and 1840s?
What name was given to the group of Nativists that formed in response to immigration in the 1830s and 1840s?
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What was one characteristic of the Molly Maguires during the 1860s and 1870s?
What was one characteristic of the Molly Maguires during the 1860s and 1870s?
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Which voting block helped Andrew Jackson win the 1828 election?
Which voting block helped Andrew Jackson win the 1828 election?
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In what year were labor unions prosecuted as unlawful conspiracies before becoming more accepted?
In what year were labor unions prosecuted as unlawful conspiracies before becoming more accepted?
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What led to the decline of the Know-Nothings in the 1850s?
What led to the decline of the Know-Nothings in the 1850s?
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Who was initially in charge of the military before being replaced by Zachary Taylor?
Who was initially in charge of the military before being replaced by Zachary Taylor?
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What significant event occurred in March 1847 during the campaign against Mexico?
What significant event occurred in March 1847 during the campaign against Mexico?
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What area did John C. Fremont and his followers proclaim as the Republic of California?
What area did John C. Fremont and his followers proclaim as the Republic of California?
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What did Mexico agree to give up as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo?
What did Mexico agree to give up as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo?
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Who was the chief peace negotiator for the U.S. during the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo discussions?
Who was the chief peace negotiator for the U.S. during the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo discussions?
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How much money did the U.S. agree to pay Mexico as part of the treaty?
How much money did the U.S. agree to pay Mexico as part of the treaty?
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What was the outcome for the Native Americans and Mexicans living in the ceded territories?
What was the outcome for the Native Americans and Mexicans living in the ceded territories?
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When did formal talks for the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo begin?
When did formal talks for the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo begin?
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What was the average time it took for the U.S. population to double during this period?
What was the average time it took for the U.S. population to double during this period?
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What nickname did Jackson earn, symbolizing toughness?
What nickname did Jackson earn, symbolizing toughness?
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What significant injury did Jackson sustain during a duel?
What significant injury did Jackson sustain during a duel?
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Who is associated with the origin of the Spoils System?
Who is associated with the origin of the Spoils System?
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By the 1830s, which group of individuals gained the right to vote under Jackson's influence?
By the 1830s, which group of individuals gained the right to vote under Jackson's influence?
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What did Jackson believe regarding serving in government?
What did Jackson believe regarding serving in government?
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Despite the belief in equality, which group retained power in the U.S.?
Despite the belief in equality, which group retained power in the U.S.?
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Who divided Jackson's administration with his influence during that time?
Who divided Jackson's administration with his influence during that time?
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Study Notes
First Industrial Revolution
- Occurred during the late 18th and early 19th centuries
- Transformed the U.S. economy into a global powerhouse
- Farmers shifted from subsistence agriculture to commercial farming
- This meant they produced crops for sale rather than just for personal use
Farming Practices
- Farming was precarious, meaning it was unsteady and uncertain
- Factors contributing to this precariousness were:
- Weather
- Tools
- Pests
- Groundhogs
King Cotton
- Eli Whitney's invention of the cotton gin in 1792 greatly improved cotton production, and significantly increased the demand for cotton slaves
- Separated cotton seeds, enabling much faster processing than manual methods
- Interchangeable parts were created to improve its efficiency
- This development led to the South becoming a supplier of raw materials to the North
- The North was primarily in the manufacturing business
Agricultural Innovations
- Jethro Wood created the cast-iron plow (1807)
- John Deere improved the plow by creating the steel plow (1837), which was more durable and effective
- Cyrus McCormick invented the mechanical reaper (1831), which sped up wheat harvesting
Transportation Improvements
- The Erie Canal (1817) connected the East and West, and drew eastern trade to New Orleans which also further isolated the South
- The first clipper ships appeared in 1845
- Faster and more efficient transportation of goods
- River Steamboats and Canal Barges became crucial for transporting goods
- Robert Fulton's steamboat
- These improvements made transporting goods cheaper and faster
Railroads
- Railroads were a major development in transportation, offering faster and more efficient ways to move goods long distances
- They took over as the primary transportation method during the 1850s and further accelerated by the Civil War (after the 1850s.)
- This made transport faster and fresher goods more readily available
Telegraph
- Samuel Morse invented the telegraph in 1830, improving communication efficiency
- Key developments in telegraphy led to the construction of companies providing the service in the 1850s.
- This innovation transformed communication, and had a significant impact on business.
Sewing Machines
- Elias Howe invented the first sewing machine in 1846.
- Isaac Merritt Singer improved on it, which further democratized sewing and manufacturing
Factory System
- The factory system began replacing the putting-out system in the early 1800s
- Steam engines improved in 1765 and 1789 improved manufacturing vastly
- The factory system revolutionized manufacturing, leading to mass production of goods
Lowell System
- Developed by Francis Cabot Lowell in 1813
- It was an industrial village which combined textile production into a single location,
recruited young single women to work in the factories.
- This greatly improved manufacturing and efficiency.
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Description
Explore the key developments of the First Industrial Revolution, focusing on agricultural shifts and innovations. Learn about the impact of Eli Whitney's cotton gin and how farming practices evolved during this transformative period. Discover the interplay between the North and South in the context of industrialization.
