First-Generation Computers (1945-1956)

Vacuum tubes were the primary electronic components used in first-generation computers.

First-generation computers were extremely large and less reliable compared to later generations.

ENIAC and UNIVAC are two examples of first-generation computers.

<p>Transistors were the major technological innovation introduced with second-generation computers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An advantage is their ability to execute complex mathematical problems quickly; a disadvantage is their large size and unreliability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>First-generation computers used magnetic tapes and magnetic drums for data storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ENIAC consumed about 180,000 watts, which led to significant heat generation requiring a proper cooling system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transistors are considered superior because they are more compact, reliable, and consume less power than vacuum tubes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transistors replaced vacuum tubes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IBM 7094 series and IBM 1400 series.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are smaller, more reliable, and have higher processing speeds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Integrated Circuits (ICs).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They required air conditioning and frequent maintenance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They had lower maintenance costs and less heat generation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They utilized magnetic core technology for data storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It required a high level of technology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A first-generation computer language is machine code, which consists of binary instructions that a computer's CPU can directly execute. An example is the raw binary code used in early computers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Second-generation computers are characterized by the use of assembly language, which provides symbolic representations of binary instructions. Assembly language simplifies coding compared to machine code.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Special purpose computers are designed for specific tasks, such as the ATM machine, which facilitates banking transactions efficiently. This innovation improved the speed and convenience of banking services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An advantage of general purpose computers is their versatility, as they can be programmed for various tasks. A disadvantage is that their broad capability can lead to inefficiencies in performing specialized tasks when compared to special purpose computers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modern data storage methods, such as SSDs and cloud storage, offer faster access speeds and greater capacity compared to earlier methods like magnetic tapes and floppy disks, which were more limited in both speed and storage size.</p> Signup and view all the answers