Podcast
Questions and Answers
What sign may indicate a rib fracture during chest assessment?
What sign may indicate a rib fracture during chest assessment?
Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with the assessment of the mouth?
Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with the assessment of the mouth?
In assessing extremities, what is considered an abnormal capillary refill time?
In assessing extremities, what is considered an abnormal capillary refill time?
What should be checked in the spine and back assessment?
What should be checked in the spine and back assessment?
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What does hemiplegia indicate during an assessment?
What does hemiplegia indicate during an assessment?
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What is the primary purpose of the primary assessment in first aid?
What is the primary purpose of the primary assessment in first aid?
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Which method should be used to check for airway obstruction?
Which method should be used to check for airway obstruction?
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When performing a primary assessment, which of the following should be checked last?
When performing a primary assessment, which of the following should be checked last?
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What is the recommended duration for the primary assessment?
What is the recommended duration for the primary assessment?
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Which of the following can be a cause of upper airway obstruction?
Which of the following can be a cause of upper airway obstruction?
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What should be done if the patient is not alert during the primary assessment?
What should be done if the patient is not alert during the primary assessment?
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What immediate action should be taken if there is evidence of an obstructed airway?
What immediate action should be taken if there is evidence of an obstructed airway?
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Which sign indicates a potential obstruction in the airway?
Which sign indicates a potential obstruction in the airway?
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Which of the following are causes of lower airway obstruction?
Which of the following are causes of lower airway obstruction?
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What should be checked during a breathing assessment?
What should be checked during a breathing assessment?
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What aspect is NOT considered during circulation assessment?
What aspect is NOT considered during circulation assessment?
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What is the purpose of the AVPU scale in disability assessment?
What is the purpose of the AVPU scale in disability assessment?
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What is a critical factor to observe during the exposure assessment?
What is a critical factor to observe during the exposure assessment?
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When performing a secondary survey, what should be questioned?
When performing a secondary survey, what should be questioned?
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Which information is NOT typically gathered when taking history from a patient?
Which information is NOT typically gathered when taking history from a patient?
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What should NOT be done when feeling the pelvis during an assessment?
What should NOT be done when feeling the pelvis during an assessment?
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What does the 'R' in the chief complaint acronym O-P-Q-R-S-T represent?
What does the 'R' in the chief complaint acronym O-P-Q-R-S-T represent?
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Which of the following is NOT typically part of the SAMPLE history?
Which of the following is NOT typically part of the SAMPLE history?
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During the head and neck assessment, what should you NOT do with the casualty's head?
During the head and neck assessment, what should you NOT do with the casualty's head?
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Which of the following signs is not typically observed in the assessment of the ear?
Which of the following signs is not typically observed in the assessment of the ear?
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What type of pain would a casualty describe using the quality aspect of O-P-Q-R-S-T?
What type of pain would a casualty describe using the quality aspect of O-P-Q-R-S-T?
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Which of the following would be assessed in the eyes during a head-to-toe assessment?
Which of the following would be assessed in the eyes during a head-to-toe assessment?
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What finding would indicate possible bleeding during the assessment of the mouth?
What finding would indicate possible bleeding during the assessment of the mouth?
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Which symptom indicates a possible fracture or severe injury during the assessment?
Which symptom indicates a possible fracture or severe injury during the assessment?
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Study Notes
First Aid - Initial Assessment
- The initial assessment is a rapid evaluation to identify life-threatening conditions that need immediate attention.
- The acronym D-R-A-B-C is used in the primary assessment: Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, and Circulation.
- Danger involves assessing the scene for safety hazards and the number of patients.
- Response checks if the casualty is alert or unconscious. If unconscious, approach from the feet, and note any changes in response.
- Airway assessment ensures the casualty's airway is open. If unconscious, tilt head and lift chin.
- Breathing focuses on checking if the casualty is breathing normally (look, listen, feel).
- Circulation checks for signs of bleeding and pulse.
- If life-threatening conditions are managed, or there are none, move on to the secondary survey.
Primary Assessment
- Primary assessment is a rapid assessment of the patient to determine life-threatening conditions.
- It identifies any immediate danger, checks for the casualty's response, checks airway, breathing, and circulation.
- Work down the patient's body when assessing, for example, starting from the head down to the feet.
- This should take less than one minute.
- This is not just for traumatic injuries, but also for unconscious people.
Airway Assessment
- Evaluate the casualty's airway to ensure it's open.
- For conscious casualties, address choking or suffocation.
- For unconscious casualties, tilt the head and lift the chin to improve airway passage.
- Check the mouth for obstructions and remove them.
- Consider C-spine injuries. Check the back of the neck, jaw, and mouth. Removal of any obstructions is vital.
Breathing Assessment
- Determine if the casualty is breathing normally, observing for chest movement, listening for breaths, and feeling for air.
- For conscious casualties, address difficulties breathing (e.g. asthma).
- If not breathing or having difficulty breathing, call for emergency help.
- For unconscious casualties, check for breathing, and if absent, call emergency assistance immediately.
Circulation Assessment
- Assess pulse rate and skin perfusion (pulse, skin color, moisture, and temperature).
- Check for signs of severe bleeding.
- If bleeding is severe, control the bleeding and call emergency services.
- If no life-threatening conditions exist, proceed to the secondary survey.
Disability Assessment
- Evaluate the casualty's level of responsiveness using the AVPU scale.
- A - Alert
- V - Verbal response
- P - Pain response
- U - Unresponsive
Exposure Assessment
- Ensure the casualty is exposed enough to examine all injuries while protecting them from the environment.
- Look for any injuries that aren't readily apparent.
Secondary Survey
- This occurs after the primary survey.
- Involves a head-to-toe examination of the casualty for other injuries.
- The casualty should remain in the position found until safe relocation to a comfortable position.
History Taking
- Inquiry about past medical history, current medications, allergies, and the events leading to the injury
- Inquire what happened
- Inquire about medications taken, and medical history.
- Assess allergies, and if there is any medical warning bracelet.
Symptoms Assessment
- Obtain a detailed description of the casualty's symptoms, following the OPQRST approach.
- O - Onset
- P - Position
- Q - Quality
- R - Radiation
- S - Severity
- T - Time
Signs Assessment
- Assess the casualty for observable signs through observation and physical examination.
- This includes swelling, bleeding, discoloration, deformities, and smell.
Physical Examination (Head-to-Toe)
- Systematic examination of all body regions from head to toe.
- Includes specific checks for each body part.
- Example: Check the scalp for bleeding, ears for discharge, mouth for foreign objects, chest for deformities, abdomen for tenderness et cetera.
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Description
This quiz covers the crucial aspects of initial assessment in first aid, focusing on the D-R-A-B-C acronym: Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. Understand how to rapidly identify life-threatening conditions and the steps necessary for effective primary assessment. Test your knowledge and preparedness for emergency situations.
