First Aid in Health Emergencies

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Questions and Answers

What should be done first in a health emergency?

Evaluate the victim's medical history

Move the victim to a safe location

Arrange for professional medical aid (correct)

Wait for the emergency services to arrive

Which of the following is NOT considered a health emergency that requires immediate attention?

Electric shock

A cold or flu (correct)

Bleeding

Heart attack

How many bones does an adult have?

206 (correct)

300

150

250

What is the primary purpose of the respiratory system?

To enable breathing and gas exchange Signup and view all the answers

What component of the blood is primarily responsible for oxygen transport?

Red blood cells Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the body does the heart primarily reside?

Between the two lungs, slightly left Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following systems does NOT belong to the human body systems listed?

Neuroplastic Signup and view all the answers

What do risk factors at work refer to?

Probability of experiencing adverse health effects Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hazard is caused by living organisms?

Biological hazards Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of ergonomic hazards?

Back pain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes physical hazards?

Slippery surfaces Signup and view all the answers

What are psychosocial hazards primarily related to?

Violence and stress Signup and view all the answers

Which hazard involves exposure to radiation from radioactive substances?

Radiation hazards Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the guiding principles of first aid represented by 'Preserve life'?

Ensure the injury is not life-threatening Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a safety hazard?

Poor communication Signup and view all the answers

Which category includes hazards caused by chemicals like acids and poisons?

Chemical hazards Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is commonly used for treating headaches?

Saridon Signup and view all the answers

When should a patient consult a doctor regarding a common ailment?

If ailments persist for a few days Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action to take if a person appears unresponsive?

Gather information from bystanders Signup and view all the answers

What is an appropriate treatment for nasal congestion?

Vaporub Signup and view all the answers

What should you check for first in an emergency situation after assessing the scene?

For severe life-threatening bleeding Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is effective for both fever and general pain relief?

Paracetamol Signup and view all the answers

Which common aliment does Isabgol Husk treat?

Constipation Signup and view all the answers

What is the general guideline to follow if a person is not breathing?

Check for a pulse and begin rescue breathing Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary symptom of heatstroke?

Body temperature above 104° F Signup and view all the answers

Which factors can potentially aggravate back pain?

Inappropriate footwear Signup and view all the answers

What is the most effective first aid for an asthmatic attack?

Using asthma inhalers Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of food-borne illness?

Nausea and abdominal cramps Signup and view all the answers

What is the component that should NOT be included in an Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS) solution?

Three teaspoons of vinegar Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause believed to trigger asthma?

Heredity factors Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended as the first aid for someone experiencing back pain?

Applying hot or cold packs Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom indicates a severe food-borne illness that may require hospitalization?

Diarrhea that may be bloody Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of first aid exercises?

Preservation of life Signup and view all the answers

What is a key goal of first aid in preventing illness or injury from worsening?

To help contain wounds and prevent further illness Signup and view all the answers

How does first aid address the issue of blocked airways?

By cleaning any blocked airways Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following characteristics is NOT a responsibility of a good first aider?

Place themselves in danger to help Signup and view all the answers

What immediate action should a first aider take if they suspect a spinal injury?

Place the person in the recovery position Signup and view all the answers

What does the promotion of recovery in first aid aim to achieve?

Stopping bleeding and preventing blood loss Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for a first aider to stay calm?

To prevent panic among bystanders Signup and view all the answers

Which principle relates to preventing further illness or injury in the practice of first aid?

Beneficence Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Health Emergency

Defined as a situation posing a risk to a person's health due to sudden illness or accident requiring immediate help.
Common emergencies include electric shock, breathing difficulties, burns, bleeding, fractures, and heart attacks.

Human Body

The adult human body consists of approximately 100 trillion cells organized into various systems.
A newborn has over 300 bones, while an adult has 206 bones.
Major body systems include musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, digestive, endocrine, integumentary, urinary, lymphatic, immune, respiratory, and reproductive.

Breathing

Essential for life, an individual breathes around 20,000 times each day.
The respiratory system comprises the nose, throat, voice box, windpipe, and lungs.

Blood Circulation

Composed of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
The heart, situated between the lungs and slightly left, pumps blood through systemic and pulmonary loops.

Health and Safety

Risk factors relate to the probability of experiencing adverse health effects at work, influenced by exposure to various hazards.

Types of Hazards

Biological Hazards: Result from living organisms like bacteria, viruses, insects, and animals.
Chemical Hazards: Include risks from acids, poisons, and cleaning agents, dependent on toxic properties.
Radiation Hazards: Associated with exposure to radioactive substances.
Ergonomic Hazards: Caused by poor posture and repetitive movements, leading to discomfort and fatigue.
Physical Hazards: Include slippery surfaces, sharp tools, and excessive noise, which can cause stress and health risks.
Psychosocial Hazards: Arise from workplace stressors, violence, and discrimination.
Safety Hazards: Involve risks like slipping, equipment malfunctions, and accidents causing injuries.

Three Basic Objectives of First Aid

Preserve Life: Focus on keeping the casualty alive and addressing life-threatening injuries.
Prevent Illness or Injury from Worsening: Contain injuries to stop further complications.
Promote Recovery: Execute first aid measures to encourage healing and stop bleeding.

Characteristics of a Good First Aider

Assess the situation quickly without panic to understand the incident and affected individuals.
Comfort and reassure the casualty while explaining the actions being taken.
Protect oneself and the casualty from additional danger, moving the latter only if necessary.

Common Ailments and Over-the-Counter Drugs

Allergies: Cetrizines tablet
Headache: Saridon, Aspirin
Heartburn: Digene tablet or syrup
Nasal Congestion: Vaporub
Cough and Cold: OTC cough tablets or syrups
Fever or Flu: Paracetamol
Constipation: Isabgol Husk
Sprains and Strains: Flexon or Combiflam
Dehydration: Oral Rehydration Salt (ORS)

General Guidelines for First Aid

Assess the scene and individual before providing care.
For responsive individuals without severe bleeding, check for injuries.
If unresponsive, determine if they are breathing and proceed with a head-to-toe check if they are.
If breathing, gather information and monitor conditions; if not, initiate CPR.

Specific Conditions and First Aid

Heatstroke: Recognizable by body temperature over 104°F; cool the person with wet towels and provide electrolytes.
Back Pain: Caused by spinal issues; relieve with hot/cold packs and painkillers.
Asthma: Characterized by wheezing and breathlessness; administer asthma inhalers for relief.
Food-borne Illness: Symptoms include diarrhea and vomiting; provide ORS for dehydration, seek urgent care if severe.
Preparation of ORS: Mix 1 litre of water, six teaspoons of sugar, and half a teaspoon of salt.

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Description

This quiz covers essential first aid procedures and responses needed in health emergencies. Learn how to assess a situation, provide immediate care, and when to seek professional medical help. Test your knowledge on critical steps to save lives in urgent situations.