First Aid Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of first aid?

  • To diagnose medical conditions.
  • To provide immediate care before advanced medical help arrives. (correct)
  • To replace the need for professional medical care.
  • To prescribe medications for illnesses and injuries.

Which of the following is a situation where providing first aid might be necessary?

  • Minor cuts and bruises.
  • Life-threatening situations like heart attacks.
  • Severe allergic reactions.
  • All of the above. (correct)

What is the difference between a responsive and an unresponsive person in a first aid context?

  • A responsive person is always conscious, while an unresponsive person is always unconscious.
  • A responsive person can move, speak, or react, while an unresponsive person does not. (correct)
  • There is no significant difference; the terms are interchangeable.
  • A responsive person requires immediate CPR, while an unresponsive person does not.

What are agonal gasps, and what do they indicate?

<p>Infrequent, irregular gasps that may appear forceful or weak, indicating possible cardiac arrest. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of CPR?

<p>Providing compressions and giving breaths. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an AED?

<p>To detect and correct abnormal heart rhythms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an emergency, after phoning the local emergency response number, what should you do with the phone?

<p>Put the phone on speaker mode so the dispatcher can communicate with the person providing care. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should you do before providing first aid to a conscious person?

<p>Ask if you can help and respect their right to refuse. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When can you assume implied consent to provide first aid?

<p>When the person is unconscious. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a workplace emergency, what should you do with the private information you learn about the person you are helping?

<p>Disclose the information only to EMS rescuers and your company's emergency response supervisor. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a duty of a first aid rescuer?

<p>Providing care until someone with more advanced training arrives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key responsibility of a first aid provider regarding the first aid kit?

<p>To maintain the kit and ensure it contains necessary supplies for common emergencies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for a first aider to be familiar with the basic structures and functions of the human body?

<p>To communicate effectively with medical care providers. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the trachea in the respiratory system?

<p>To transport air to the lungs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structures are contained in the thorax cage?

<p>The heart and lungs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which components are parts of the circulatory system?

<p>The heart, blood vessels, and blood. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the heart?

<p>To pump blood through blood vessels. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of arteries in the circulatory system?

<p>To carry blood away from the heart. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of basic first aid, what does 'scene safety' primarily involve?

<p>Ensuring that the environment poses no immediate threat to both the rescuer and the injured person. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do veins contribute to circulatory function?

<p>They carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does recognizing an emergency relate to the duties of a first aid rescuer?

<p>It is the foundational step that prompts the rescuer to take appropriate action. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why must a first-aid provider maintain the first aid kit?

<p>To ensure the provider always has necessary supplies for common emergencies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenarios does providing first aid extend beyond minor illnesses or injuries?

<p>When dealing with potentially life-threatening situations like heart attacks or severe allergic reactions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does maintaining a patient’s privacy align with a first aider's ethical responsibilities?

<p>It respects the patient's personal dignity and autonomy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How providing sets of 30 chest compressions helps in CPR?

<p>It helps blood to circulate the brain and other organs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

First Aid

Immediate care given to someone with an illness or injury before advanced help arrives.

Responsive

Reacting to stimuli; will move, speak, or blink when tapped and asked, "Are you OK?"

Unresponsive

Not reacting to stimuli; does not move, speak, or blink.

Agonal Gasps

Abnormal gasping that is not regular breathing, often a sign of cardiac arrest.

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CPR

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: a procedure to help someone whose heart has stopped.

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Compression (CPR)

Pushing down hard and fast on the chest during CPR.

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AED

Automated external defibrillator; a device that delivers an electrical shock to restore a normal heart rhythm.

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Consent

Always ask for consent before providing help. Unconcious people are an exception.

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What are the duties of a first aid rescuer?

Recognize an emergency, ensure the scene is safe, call for help, provide care.

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First Aid Kit

The location that provides all of the necessary supplies you'll need for emergencies.

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Respiratory System Components

Nose, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Lungs, Alveolar Sacs, Alveoli

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Thorax Cage

Protects the organs in the chest (thoracic) cavity.

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The Circulatory System

Heart, Blood Vessels, Blood

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Heart

Muscular vascular pump.

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Arteries

Elastic tubes that carry blood away from the heart.

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Veins

Blood vessels that return blood to the heart.

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Study Notes

First Aid Definition

  • First aid refers to the immediate assistance given to someone who is ill or injured.
  • It is administered before more advanced medical personnel arrive.
  • Anyone, regardless of their background, can provide first aid in an emergency.

Scope of First Aid

  • First aid is typically used for minor illnesses and injuries.
  • It can also be crucial in life-threatening situations like heart attacks.
  • Examples of interventions are tourniquet application for severe bleeds and epinephrine for allergic reactions.
  • Accident prevention is also part of first aid.

Responsive vs. Unresponsive

  • A responsive person can move, speak, blink, or react when tapped and asked "Are you OK?".
  • An unresponsive person does not move, speak, blink, or react.
  • Unresponsiveness may indicate the need for CPR.

Agonal Gasps

  • During cardiac arrest, a person may not breathe normally and may only gasp.
  • Agonal gasps often occur in the first minutes after cardiac arrest.
  • Gasping individuals may appear to quickly draw air and move their mouth, jaw, head, or neck.
  • Gasps often sound like snorts, snores, or groans, and happen at a slow rate.
  • Gasping is not normal breathing, but a sign of cardiac arrest in someone unresponsive.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

  • CPR stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
  • CPR can double or triple the chances of survival when the heart stops suddenly.
  • CPR consists of providing compressions and giving breaths
  • A compression involves pushing down hard and fast on the chest.
  • Chest compressions help pump blood to the brain and other organs.
  • CPR involves sets of 30 compressions and 2 breaths.

Automated External Defibrillation (AED)

  • AED stands for automated external defibrillator.
  • A lightweight, portable device detects abnormal cardiac rhythms that need treatment.
  • The AED delivers an electrical shock to convert the rhythm back to normal.

Calling for Help

  • In an emergency, use the most readily available phone, which could be one's own or a bystander's.
  • After calling the local emergency number, enable speaker mode so the emergency care provider can communicate with the dispatcher.
  • In Palestine, dial 101 for Emergency Medical Services (EMS).
  • Always ask if you can help; anyone can refuse assistance.
  • Implied consent applies if the patient is unconscious.

Protecting Privacy

  • As a first aid rescuer, you may learn private things about the people you help, such as a medical condition.
  • Give all information about an ill or injured person to EMS rescuers.
  • If you are in your workplace, also give this information to your company's emergency response program supervisor; you may need to fill out a report for your company.
  • Do not share private medical information with coworkers.

Duties of a First Aid Rescuer

  • Recognize an emergency.
  • Ensure the scene is safe for yourself and the injured person.
  • Call your local emergency number.
  • Provide care until someone with more advanced training arrives and takes over.

First Aid Kit

  • A first aid provider is responsible for maintaining the first aid kit.
  • It should contain supplies needed for common emergencies.

The Human Body and First Aid

  • First aiders should know basic human body structures and functions.
  • Using proper terminology will improve communication with medical providers.

Respiratory System

  • The respiratory system consists of the: Nose, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Lungs, Alveolar sacs, and Alveoli.

Thorax Cage

  • The thorax cage has 12 pairs of ribs.
  • The lungs lie in both the right and left thoracic cavities.

Circulatory System

  • The circulatory system consists of the: Heart, Blood vessels, and Blood.

Heart

  • The heart pumps blood through blood vessels.
  • It is a powerful, hollow, and muscular organ.

Blood Vessels

  • Blood vessels are comprised of: Capillaries, Venules, Veins, Vena cava, Arterioles, Arteries, and the Aorta.

Arteries

  • Elastic, muscular tubes carry blood away from the heart.
  • Examples are the pulmonary artery and the aorta.

Veins

  • Vessels that carry blood to the heart.
  • Examples are the Superior/inferior vena cava and Pulmonary veins.

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