First Aid and Wound Care

Assessing Soft Tissue Damage

• Evaluate the extent of the injury by assessing:
  • Depth and size of the wound
  • Presence of bleeding, swelling, or deformity
  • Range of motion and strength in the affected area
  • Sensation and circulation distal to the injury
• Identify the type of soft tissue injury:
  • Contusions (bruises)
  • Lacerations (cuts)
  • Abrasions (scrapes)
  • Avulsions (tearing of skin and underlying tissue)

Recognizing Shock Symptoms

• Monitor for signs of shock:
  • Tachycardia (rapid heart rate)
  • Tachypnea (rapid breathing rate)
  • Hypotension (low blood pressure)
  • Pale, cool, or clammy skin
  • Anxiety, restlessness, or confusion
• Be aware of the patient's overall condition and medical history

Wound Cleaning and Dressing

• Clean the wound with:
  • Saline solution or sterile water
  • Mild soap and lukewarm water (if necessary)
• Pat dry the area with a sterile gauze
• Apply a sterile dressing to:
  • Protect the wound from further trauma
  • Absorb drainage and promote healing
• Secure the dressing with bandages or tape

Pain Management

• Assess the patient's pain level using a pain scale (e.g., 1-10)
• Administer pain medication as directed by a medical professional
• Use non-pharmacological methods to manage pain:
  • Ice or cold compresses
  • Elevation of the affected area
  • Gentle stretching or mobilization

Immobilization Techniques

• Use immobilization devices (e.g., splints, slings) to:
  • Stabilize the affected area
  • Reduce pain and discomfort
  • Prevent further injury
• Apply immobilization devices carefully to avoid:
  • Nerve damage
  • Circulation impairment
  • Increased pain or discomfort