Fireground Strategy for Structure Fires
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Fireground Strategy for Structure Fires

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Questions and Answers

What are the two primary fireground strategies outlined in the SOG?

  • Direct and Indirect
  • Immediate and Delayed
  • Proactive and Reactive
  • Offensive and Defensive (correct)

    • Which factor is NOT considered when determining the fireground strategy?

  • Occupancy rate of the building (correct)
  • Type of construction
  • Fire and smoke conditions
  • Fire load

    • What is the primary responsibility of the Incident Commander regarding fireground strategy?

  • To report incident outcomes to the public
  • To ensure that no personnel enter the building
  • To determine and implement the appropriate strategy (correct)
  • To manage logistical support for the incident

    • What must the Incident Commander avoid during operations at a fire scene?

    <p>Using both Offensive and Defensive strategies simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should fireground strategy management begin?

    <p>Upon arrival of the first unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of an 'ALL CLEAR' benchmark indicate?

    <p>No one is left in the structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the Incident Commander play during a fire incident?

    <p>They ensure personnel are operating within the chosen strategy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is critical to the Incident Commander’s assessment during a transfer of Command?

    <p>Evaluating the current fireground strategy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial priority during a fire incident when exposures are present?

    <p>Protect exposures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is it most effective to apply water to an exposure?

    <p>When water is limited and the exposure is severe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'fire under control' signify?

    <p>The fire's forward progress has stopped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be communicated to dispatch when defensive operations are initiated?

    <p>A primary search will not be conducted for the affected structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary after commanding that the fire is brought under control?

    <p>Initiate a PAR report from all on-scene sectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of an Offensive Fire Attack according to the guidelines?

    <p>Rescue operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a consideration for fire command during an offensive operation?

    <p>Number of spectators at the scene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why must companies resist the urge to focus only on the visible fire?

    <p>The unburned portion indicates future fire spread.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the IRIC team stand for in fireground operations?

    <p>Initial Rapid Intervention Crew</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by reading the smoke during fire operations?

    <p>Understanding the fire's behavior and direction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be prioritized when assigning resources and personnel on the fireground?

    <p>Critical direction and avenues of fire extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of fireground strategy, what is the term 'confinement efforts' referring to?

    <p>Preventing the fire from spreading further</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect to assess before starting fire operations in an offensive strategy?

    <p>The fire conditions and extent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be considered by command in relation to the fire?

    <p>All 7 sides of the fire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is early ventilation important in concealed space fire attacks?

    <p>It helps in preventing the fire from spreading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should command abandon marginal attacks?

    <p>When the primary all clear is obtained and the situation is still marginal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration for command in attack operations?

    <p>Location/position of attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the paramount action when fires involve concealed spaces?

    <p>Opening up and operating fire streams into these areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should command do when misjudging the position of the fire and attack efforts?

    <p>Adjust resources and personnel to position before the fire burns past them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In marginal fire attack situations, what is often the primary reason for operation?

    <p>Rescue operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the approach if the fire management assessment is that the roof is unsafe?

    <p>Cease offensive operations and establish defensive measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason Command should assign a Roof Sector during marginal situations?

    <p>To evaluate roof conditions for safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action is recommended if a structure cannot be safely operated in during a fire?

    <p>Withdraw crews and switch to a defensive strategy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be performed after changing from an offensive to a defensive strategy?

    <p>Obtain a Personnel Accountability Report (PAR)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option reflects the actions of crews during a change to a defensive strategy?

    <p>Hose lines should be withdrawn and repositioned as needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first priority during defensive operations?

    <p>Personnel safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should happen to hose lines if retreat is unsafe due to them?

    <p>Hose lines should be abandoned if necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for Command to receive frequent updates from Sector Officers?

    <p>To evaluate conditions and make informed decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a change to a defensive strategy indicate?

    <p>Personnel safety is at risk and the structure is considered lost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fireground Strategy

    • The purpose of this document is to outline fireground strategy for structure fires.
    • There are two strategies: Offensive and Defensive, determined by risk management plan.
    • The incident commander will choose the strategy based on several factors including:
      • Building type, condition, age
      • Structural integrity
      • Fire load, type of fuel burning
      • Fire and smoke conditions
      • Rescue profile, potential for saving occupants
    • The incident commander is responsible for determining and implementing the strategy.
    • The primary goal of fireground strategy is safety of personnel.
    • Avoiding simultaneous offensive and defensive strategies within the same fire area is crucial for safety.
    • Matching the strategy to the fire conditions of the structure is paramount.
    • The initial incident commander will include the fireground strategy in the scene report.
    • The fireground strategy is not a mystery; all firefighters must operate within the same strategy.

    Offensive Fire Attack

    • An offensive fire attack is centered on rescue with the safety of firefighters as the top priority.
    • An IRIC team must be assigned prior to entry.
    • The initial attack line must be directed to protect rescue and escape routes for victims.
    • Determining the extent and location of the fire is critical before starting fire operations.
    • Command should consider the most critical direction and avenues of fire extension, speed, and their effects on:
      • Rescue activities
      • Risk to firefighters
      • Confinement efforts
      • Exposure protection
    • Command must allocate personnel and resources based on the fire spread evaluation.
    • A fast and strong attack is crucial to control fire and protect rescue efforts, and extinguish the fire, as it spreads in all directions, including concealed spaces such as attics.
    • Early ventilation is necessary for concealed space fires, and openings should be made in the fire area.
    • Command must anticipate the fire's spread and position resources and personnel accordingly.
    • Protecting exposed property is crucial, particularly in the direction of fire spread.
    • Attack operations involve:
      • Location/position of attack
      • Size of attack
      • Support functions

    Marginal Fire Attack

    • Rescue is the only reason to operate in marginal situations.
    • Command must initiate an offensive interior attack while setting up defensive positions on the exterior.
    • The interior offensive attack must be constantly evaluated and abandoned if necessary.
    • Command should abandon marginal attacks when:
      • A primary all clear is obtained, but the situation is still marginal.
      • The roof is unsafe.
      • Interior forces encounter heavy heat and cannot locate the fire or make progress.
      • Heavy smoke is being forced from the building under pressure and is increasing.
    • Command needs to constantly evaluate conditions in marginal situations, requiring frequent reports from sector officers.
    • Command should strongly consider not committing crews to the interior of a structure unless receiving a report from Roof Sector that the roof is safe to operate on.

    Defensive Fire Attack

    • Defensive strategy is employed when the offensive attack is abandoned due to safety concerns and the structure is conceded as lost.
    • All personnel withdraw from the structure and maintain a safe distance.
    • A PAR (Personnel Accountability Report) is obtained after a change from offensive to defensive strategy.
    • Interior lines are withdrawn and repositioned, and hose lines may be abandoned if necessary.
    • Exposure protection is the top priority in defensive operations, followed by personnel safety and then knocking down the main body of fire.
    • Master streams are generally the most effective tactic in defensive operations.
    • When the exposure is severe and water is limited, the most effective tactic is to put water on the exposure, potentially from the interior.
    • Once exposure protection is established, attention may be directed to knocking down the main body of fire and thermal-column cooling.
    • Fire under control means the forward progress of the fire has been stopped, and the remaining fire can be extinguished with the on-scene resources.
    • Dispatch should record the time of the "FIRE UNDER CONTROL" report.
    • Command must initiate a PAR report from all on-scene sectors and crews.
    • If defensive operations are conducted from the onset of the incident, Command will notify dispatch that there will not be a primary search completed for the affected structure(s), but buildings should be searched at some point.

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    Related Documents

    Fireground_Strategy.pdf

    Description

    This quiz covers essential strategies for managing structure fires, including offensive and defensive approaches. Learn how incident commanders assess various factors such as building conditions, fire load, and potential rescues to develop effective strategies. Understanding these concepts is crucial for ensuring personnel safety on the fireground.

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