16 Questions
What is the primary skillset that a firefighter should possess?
Proper size and length of hose deployment
What is the purpose of performing a size-up before stretching the initial attack line?
To locate the fire and estimate the hose length needed
What is the recommended flow rate for a typical 2000 square foot, two-story single-family dwelling home without basement or exposures?
1140 L/min
What is the flow rate of a 65mm attack line when supplied with proper pressures?
1003 L/min
How many lengths of hose should be added to the estimated distance to the entry point of a structure for a typical residential structure?
One length per floor plus one extra length
What type of structure requires an establishment of 1892 L/min (500 GPM) from three handlines?
Open-air Strip Shopping Center
What is the minimum flow rate required from two handlines on the fire floor in a high-rise building?
1892 L/min (500 GPM)
What does the acronym 'ADULTS' stand for in the fire service?
The correct answer is not specified in the text
When deciding what size hose line to stretch as an initial attack line, what conditions would lead to choosing a 65mm hose line?
One or more of A, D, U, L, T, and S conditions
What is the primary tactic chosen when a firefighter can efficiently advance the hose line to the seat of the fire by going interior?
Advancing the hose line to the seat of the fire by going interior
What is the purpose of a backup line in firefighting operations?
To protect the egress of the initial fire attack crew
What is the recommended flow rate from a 65mm hose line?
1000 L/min (1 tonne)
When is a 65mm hose line recommended for initial deployment?
When a residential floor or commercial floor is on fire
What is the purpose of directing a straight or solid stream into an opening?
To cool the space and extinguish the fire
What is a 'working length' of hose classified as?
A combination of a and b
Why is a steep angle required when directing a straight or solid stream?
To hit the ceiling and make conditions better on the interior
Study Notes
Length Selection of Hose Line
- To select the proper length of hose, a size-up must be done to locate the fire and consider the setback, height, and depth of the structure.
- For a typical residential structure, estimate the distance to the entry point and add one length per floor plus one extra length.
Size Selection of Hose Line
- TFS uses 45mm and 65mm attack lines, each flowing 570 L/min and 950 L/min (combination fog) or 1003 L/min (smooth bore) respectively.
- NFPA 1710 recommends flow rates for different occupancies:
- 2000 sq ft, two-story single-family dwelling home: 1140 L/min (300 GPM) from two handlines.
- Open-air Strip Shopping Center: 1892 L/min (500 GPM) from three handlines.
- 1200 sq ft apartment in a three-story garden style apartment: 1140 L/min (300 GPM) from three handlines.
- High-Rise building (> 75 ft): 1892 L/min (500 GPM) from two handlines on the fire floor, and 946 L/min (250 GPM) on the floor above.
ADULTS Acronym
- Use the ADULTS acronym to decide what size hose line to stretch as an initial attack line:
- A: Advanced fire on arrival
- D: Defensive operations
- U: Unknown location or extent of fire
- L: Large un-compartmented areas
- T: Tonnes of water
- S: Standpipe operations
- A 65mm hose line shall be chosen on extended lays wit the use of a reducer. Or, in any commercial/industrial fire.
Deployment of Hose Lines
- If a firefighter can efficiently advance the hose line to the seat of the fire by going interior, it should be the primary tactic chosen.
- If flames are visible from the exterior and advancing the line to the interior may be delayed, a straight or solid stream directed into the opening may be the quickest way to cool the space.
- A ‘working length’ of hose shall be deployed to the appropriate entrance of the structure, classified as a nozzle and a coupling at the entrance or 50 feet of hose unimpeded by friction points.
Placement of Additional Hose Lines
- A backup line will be stretched at every fire and shall be at least one length longer than the initial line.
- The backup line shall be at least the same size and flow rate, or larger than the initial line.
- A second attack line may be deployed if the initial line cannot extinguish the fire or is stretched short of the seat of the fire.
Learn the guidelines for deploying and advancing the proper size and length of hose in firefighting, including selecting the right length of hose for a fire scenario.
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