Podcast
Questions and Answers
What diameter shank is recommended for the threaded studs?
What diameter shank is recommended for the threaded studs?
- 5/8 inch
- 1/4 (correct)
- 1/2 inch
- 1 inch
What is the minimum penetration required for the fastening system?
What is the minimum penetration required for the fastening system?
- 1 inch
- 2.5 inches
- 1.5 inches
- 2 inches (correct)
What shear resistance does the fastening system provide?
What shear resistance does the fastening system provide?
- 3,000 lb
- 5,000 lb
- 4,360 lb (correct)
- 4,000 lb
What safety factor does the fastening system achieve against the nozzle reaction?
What safety factor does the fastening system achieve against the nozzle reaction?
What type of fasteners were used to secure the monitor to the concrete deck?
What type of fasteners were used to secure the monitor to the concrete deck?
Which method was described for securing the monitor?
Which method was described for securing the monitor?
What type of fastener was used for installing the studs into the concrete?
What type of fastener was used for installing the studs into the concrete?
What was the main purpose of the tests conducted by the FDNY's 9th Battalion in the high-rise building?
What was the main purpose of the tests conducted by the FDNY's 9th Battalion in the high-rise building?
How does using 2 ½-in. hose contribute to fire suppression in high-rise buildings?
How does using 2 ½-in. hose contribute to fire suppression in high-rise buildings?
Which was a key logistical challenge encountered during the tests for using portable monitors?
Which was a key logistical challenge encountered during the tests for using portable monitors?
What additional equipment was noted as useful when anchoring a master stream?
What additional equipment was noted as useful when anchoring a master stream?
What is the primary impact of core construction techniques on fire safety in large-floor-area offices?
What is the primary impact of core construction techniques on fire safety in large-floor-area offices?
How much water is necessary to extinguish a fully involved floor of 40,000 sq ft with a light fire load?
How much water is necessary to extinguish a fully involved floor of 40,000 sq ft with a light fire load?
What change occurred in the NFPA 14 requirements after 1993 regarding standpipe systems?
What change occurred in the NFPA 14 requirements after 1993 regarding standpipe systems?
What is the implication of allowing a fire to burn down to a reduced intensity in a core-construction building?
What is the implication of allowing a fire to burn down to a reduced intensity in a core-construction building?
What defines the core construction technique in large-floor-area offices?
What defines the core construction technique in large-floor-area offices?
What is the maximum diameter of holes that the diamond-tipped drill can bore through floors in high-rise construction?
What is the maximum diameter of holes that the diamond-tipped drill can bore through floors in high-rise construction?
Which of the following describes a limitation of the smaller, gasoline-driven model of the core drill?
Which of the following describes a limitation of the smaller, gasoline-driven model of the core drill?
How long does it take to drill through a 6-inch reinforced concrete floor using the concrete core cutter?
How long does it take to drill through a 6-inch reinforced concrete floor using the concrete core cutter?
What function does the hole created by the core drill serve in relation to fire control?
What function does the hole created by the core drill serve in relation to fire control?
Which of the following tools is mentioned as an alternative to the concrete core cutter?
Which of the following tools is mentioned as an alternative to the concrete core cutter?
What is required for buildings with access stairs between floors if they do not have a fire-rated enclosure installed?
What is required for buildings with access stairs between floors if they do not have a fire-rated enclosure installed?
What must be designed to protect openings between floors in the absence of a fire-rated enclosure?
What must be designed to protect openings between floors in the absence of a fire-rated enclosure?
Where should the fire safety information regarding access stairs be displayed in a building?
Where should the fire safety information regarding access stairs be displayed in a building?
Which statement best describes the requirements for buildings with access stairs?
Which statement best describes the requirements for buildings with access stairs?
What is the primary limitation of extinguishing a fire on an upper floor involving a large floor area?
What is the primary limitation of extinguishing a fire on an upper floor involving a large floor area?
What dimensions and flow rate does a typical Bresnan distributor operate at?
What dimensions and flow rate does a typical Bresnan distributor operate at?
What size of a hole is necessary to pass a distributor or cellar pipe through the floor?
What size of a hole is necessary to pass a distributor or cellar pipe through the floor?
According to Chief John T. O'Hagan, what size area reduces the chances of successful direct attack on a fire?
According to Chief John T. O'Hagan, what size area reduces the chances of successful direct attack on a fire?
What might be a tactical alternative while waiting for a fire to diminish in intensity?
What might be a tactical alternative while waiting for a fire to diminish in intensity?
How many handlines are estimated to be required for a fire flow of 4,000 gpm?
How many handlines are estimated to be required for a fire flow of 4,000 gpm?
What is the purpose of drilling a 5-inch hole through the floor in firefighting operations?
What is the purpose of drilling a 5-inch hole through the floor in firefighting operations?
What precaution should members take when selecting a floor in an elevator?
What precaution should members take when selecting a floor in an elevator?
What potential situation might occur if an elevator is used near a fire?
What potential situation might occur if an elevator is used near a fire?
What could happen to the elevator unit that responds to a smoke detector?
What could happen to the elevator unit that responds to a smoke detector?
How does the location of the first smoke detector impact fire safety procedures?
How does the location of the first smoke detector impact fire safety procedures?
What is a significant risk of using a single hoseline in core construction design?
What is a significant risk of using a single hoseline in core construction design?
When faced with opposing fire streams in core-construction buildings, what is the recommended action?
When faced with opposing fire streams in core-construction buildings, what is the recommended action?
What issue can arise when utilizing scissor stairs during a fire operation?
What issue can arise when utilizing scissor stairs during a fire operation?
What should be done if an employee needs to travel to a different floor in a rental business?
What should be done if an employee needs to travel to a different floor in a rental business?
What is a major fire safety challenge presented by the design of convenience stairs?
What is a major fire safety challenge presented by the design of convenience stairs?
Study Notes
Anchoring a Master Stream
- Tests were conducted in a high-rise building under construction in NYC to assess utilizing portable monitors from a single standpipe riser.
- The tests involved multiple hose lays and confirmed that two 2 ½-inch lines are optimal for supplying a portable monitor, providing greater volume and reach than a single line.
- An advantage of a 2 ½-inch hose is the capability to achieve flows of up to 750 gallons per minute (gpm).
Fastener Recommendations
- Fasteners recommended include .38 caliber fasteners and at least 14-inch diameter shank by 3/8-inch threaded studs.
- Optimal penetration depth for fasteners is a minimum of 2 inches, providing a shear resistance of approximately 4,360 pounds.
- A 10:1 safety factor exists against a 1 ¾-inch nozzle's reaction, which produces about 385 pounds of force at 80 psi nozzle pressure.
- Alternative anchoring methods are preferred when conditions are suitable; this fastening system is a last resort when facing substantial fires.
Building Fire Threats
- In modern office buildings with core construction, a fire can easily spread across 30,000 square feet floors if uncontrolled upon arrival, making them extremely challenging to extinguish.
- A fully involved large floor may require 4,000 gpm to extinguish, far exceeding the 1,250 gpm capacity provided by the standpipe, especially after NFPA 14's 1993 revision.
- Tactical preparations are necessary well in advance due to the limitations of firefighting resources in lightweight constructions.
Distributors and Drilling Techniques
- Bresnan or similar distributors can flow 700 gpm through a 4-inch hole.
- A series of overlapping holes can facilitate passing a distributor into the fire area for effective attack.
- Concrete core cutters, both bulky and portable models, can drill up to 8 inches in diameter for access to firefighting resources from below.
Opposing Fire Streams Hazards
- Using interior lines carelessly can cause fire to spread around the core and back towards firefighters, especially in core construction structures with connected corridors and elevator lobbies.
- A dual hoseline approach may be necessary to protect against backfire while advancing toward the fire.
Common Issues in Core Construction
- Scissor stairs may complicate firefighting tactics due to alternating exits; setup should occur on the side opposite the fire to reduce risk.
- Unprotected access stairs in high-rise buildings can quickly amplify smoke alarm triggers and promote fire spread, necessitating mandatory fire-rated enclosures or complete sprinkler systems.
- Fire units must be cautious of the elevator routes chosen, as smoke detectors can activate far from the actual fire location, posing serious risks to responding personnel.
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Description
This quiz explores advanced techniques in fire safety engineering, specifically focusing on the anchoring of master streams in high-rise buildings. It assesses optimal hose configurations and fastener recommendations for effective fire suppression. Hone your knowledge on equipment selection and operational safety factors.
