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Questions and Answers

Which type of company is likely to carry roof ropes?

  • Life ropes and webbing companies
  • All truck companies
  • All engine and truck companies (correct)
  • Urban Search and Rescue team companies

    • What additional equipment is carried by the Urban Search and Rescue team companies for specific rescue situations?

  • Life ropes and webbing
  • Signal rope and carabiners
  • An assortment of additional equipment (correct)
  • Roof ropes

    • What type of equipment is carried on all truck companies?

  • Webbing and lifting harness (correct)
  • Signal rope and carabiners
  • Roof ropes
  • An assortment of additional equipment

    • Which type of company carries an assortment of additional equipment for specific rescue situations?

    <p>Urban Search and Rescue team companies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why have synthetic ropes replaced natural-fiber ropes in the past several years?

    <p>Synthetic ropes have better resistance to abrasion and UV exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what load does a low-stretch (static) rope stretch less than 5 percent?

    <p>450 lbf (2 kN)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should low-stretch (static) ropes not be used in situations requiring the stretch of a high-stretch (dynamic) rope?

    <p>They cannot absorb the shock of a long fall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum elongation allowed for low-stretch (static) ropes at 75 percent of their breaking strength?

    <p>45 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum elongation required for low-stretch (static) ropes at 75 percent of their breaking strength?

    <p>15 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum breaking strength for rope used in a two-person system according to NFPA 1500 (1997) 5-9.3?

    <p>9,000 lbf (40kN)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is life safety rope allowed to be reused according to NFPA 1500 (1997) 5-9.3?

    <p>If inspected before and after each use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum breaking strength for rope used in a one-person system according to NFPA 1500 (1997) 5-9.3?

    <p>4,500 lbf (20kN)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions is life safety rope allowed to be reused according to NFPA 1500 (1997) 5-9.3?

    <p>If it has been inspected before and after each use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you visually inspect a rope for?

    <p>Visible wear, cuts, exposed core material, excess wear and abrasion of the sheath material, and discoloration from chemical contamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum elongation allowed for low-stretch (static) ropes at 75 percent of their breaking strength?

    <p>5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions is life safety rope allowed to be reused according to NFPA 1500 (1997) 5-9.3?

    <p>If it shows no visible signs of wear or damage after inspection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why have synthetic ropes replaced natural-fiber ropes in the past several years?

    <p>Synthetic ropes have better resistance to chemicals and moisture, and they are stronger and more durable than natural-fiber ropes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most important step to avoid mildew and mold when storing a rope in a rope bag?

    <p>Ensuring the rope is completely air dried</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to ensure that the rope is completely air dried before storing it in a rope bag?

    <p>To prevent the growth of mildew and mold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum melting temperature of low stretch nylon rope?

    <p>400° C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the immediate request for a replacement rope from the US&R station?

    <p>More than half of the outer sheath yarns are broken in one pique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what condition is a rope not suitable for further use and should be retired from service?

    <p>Severe shock force from a fall or stressed with a load beyond what it was designed to hold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be recorded in the rope log every time a rope is used?

    <p>Information about how it was used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should a replacement rope be immediately requested from the US&R station?

    <p>When there is excessive sheath wear.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what condition would a rope be considered unsuitable for further use and should be retired?

    <p>If an inspection exposes an obvious fault or damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the immediate request for a replacement rope from the US&R station?

    <p>Severe shock force from a fall or stressed with a load beyond what it was designed to hold.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is a rope not suitable for further use and should be retired from service?

    <p>When it is worn out from use or age.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diameter of Prusik cord used primarily to make Prusik loops?

    <p>8mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the material construction of Prusik cord?

    <p>Nylon Kernmantle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of Prusik cord?

    <p>Making Prusik loops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stretch characteristic of Prusik cord?

    <p>Low-stretch (static)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal length for creating long prusiks using 8mm cord on 1/2-inch rope?

    <p>70 inches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the prusik cords tied to create a continuous loop?

    <p>Double overhand bend</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What size of prusik cord is used for prusiks on 1/2-inch rope?

    <p>8mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of pulleys are the cord lengths compatible with?

    <p>2-inch prusik minding pulleys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does needle loom construction differ from the conventional construction?

    <p>It involves folding the webbing before stitching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the color-coding for a 5-foot length of webbing?

    <p>Green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the color-coding for a 15-foot length of webbing?

    <p>Blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the color-coding for a 12-foot length of webbing?

    <p>Yellow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the color-coding for a 20-foot length of webbing?

    <p>Orange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The following are characters of a good knot

    1. Easy to tie.
    2. Easy to identify to determine if they are tied correctly.
    3. Will not work loose on their own.
    4. Minimally reduce rope strength.
    5. Relatively easy to untie after loading.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the term with the definition

    <p>Running End = the part used for work such as hoisting, pulling, or belaying Working End = aka loose end or bitter end, is used in forming a knot Standing part = between the working end and the running end Knot = rope or webbing, which is intertwined</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the term with its definition

    <p>Bend = two rope or webbing ends connected together Hitch = rope or webbing around an object Bight = formed by simply bending the rope back on itself, while keeping the sides parallel loop = made by crossing one side of a bight over the standing part so the rope crosses itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A round turn is made by continuing to cross one side of a loop all the way around to form a circle with the ends of the rope parallel as in a bight.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Figure 8 stopper is also known as the Figure 8 knot

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A well-dressed and set knot is typically weaker and harder to check for safety.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Figure 8 stopper is also known as the Figure 8 knot.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The family of eight knots needs to be dressed and set, which means all the strands should...

    <p>Run parallel and lie flat against each strand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does the tail need to be left at the end of the rope

    <p>6 in</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What knot is used in place of the Figure 8 on a blight when it is not possible to slip the loop over the intended object or clip it in with a carabiner

    <p>Figure 8 Follow Through</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to join the ends of one rope to the ends of two ropes in the same diameter together

    <p>Figure 8 Bend</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum diameter required for an anchor to maintain the full strength of the rope in a tensionless anchor?

    <p>Four times the diameter of the rope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of knot is tied in the running end of the rope in a tensionless anchor?

    <p>Figure 8 on a bight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should the tensionless anchor be applied on an anchor point?

    <p>As low as possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum breaking strength of the life ropes carried on truck companies?

    <p>9000 lbf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rope does the US&R team use for specific rescue situations?

    <p>150-foot and 300-foot 1/2-inch Kernmantle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard compliment water rope?

    <p>75 foot, 8.5mm Bluewater Econoline rope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the tension strength of a 75 foot 8.5 mm Bluewater Econoline rope?

    <p>1,500 lbf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Water rope is designed to float and be deployed out of a throw bag.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Utility Roof Ropes are

    <p>75 foot, 9mm Bluewater SearchLine, with a Technora sheath and nylon core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Each rope comes with an attached aluminum carabiner rated for

    <p>5,200 lbf</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Should the utility roof ropes be mixed with the carabiners in the RS-1 equipment caches?

    <p>no</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Company Types and Equipment

    • Truck companies typically carry roof ropes for various rescue operations.
    • Urban Search and Rescue (US&R) teams carry specialized equipment tailored for specific rescue scenarios, such as structural collapses and water rescues.
    • All truck companies are equipped with essential items such as ladders, hoses, and basic rescue tools.
    • Rescue companies are equipped with an assortment of additional gear for specialized situations beyond standard operations.

    Rope Specifications and Usage

    • Synthetic ropes have largely replaced natural-fiber ropes due to their improved strength, durability, and resistance to elements such as moisture and UV light.
    • A low-stretch (static) rope stretches less than 5 percent at loads of up to 3000 pounds.
    • Low-stretch ropes are not suitable for applications requiring dynamic stretching since they lack elasticity, which could lead to potential injuries in falls.
    • The maximum elongation for low-stretch ropes at 75 percent of their breaking strength is 5 percent.
    • The minimum elongation required for low-stretch ropes at this threshold is 0.5 percent.
    • For a two-person system, the minimum breaking strength of rope is 6000 pounds according to NFPA 1500 (1997) standards.

    Life Safety Rope Guidelines

    • Life safety ropes may be reused if they have not been subjected to a fall or damage, as per NFPA 1500 (1997).
    • For a one-person system, the minimum breaking strength of rope is 4000 pounds, in accordance with NFPA 1500 (1997).
    • Conditions under which life safety ropes can be reused include no visible signs of wear, damage, or having endured a severe load.

    Rope Inspection and Maintenance

    • Visual inspections should include checks for fraying, cuts, or discoloration.
    • Ropes must be completely air-dried before being stored in a rope bag to prevent mold and mildew growth.
    • The minimum melting temperature of a low-stretch nylon rope is typically around 450°F.
    • Immediate requests for replacement rope are triggered by visible damage or if the rope has experienced a fall.

    Rope Log and Replacement Procedures

    • Each use of a rope should be recorded in a rope log, noting conditions and any abnormalities.
    • A rope is deemed unsuitable for further use if it shows signs of significant wear or has been involved in a fall.

    Prusik Cords and Their Characteristics

    • Prusik cords, primarily 8mm in diameter, are constructed from low-stretch materials and are key for ascending and descending systems.
    • The main purpose of Prusik cord is to create a friction hitch that allows controlled movement along a rope.
    • An optimal length for long prusiks using 8mm cord on 1/2-inch rope is typically around 24-30 inches.
    • Prusik cords are tied to create continuous loops using double fisherman's knots.

    Knot Characteristics and Definitions

    • A good knot should be easy to tie, identifiable, secure without slipping, minimally reduce rope strength, and easy to untie after loading.
    • The minimum diameter required for an anchor to maintain the full strength of the rope in a tensionless anchor is 3 inches.
    • A round turn is made by wrapping one side of a loop fully around, creating parallel ends.
    • The Figure 8 knot is also known as the Figure 8 stopper.

    Water and Utility Ropes

    • Water ropes are designed to float and allow for efficient deployment from throw bags.
    • Utility roof ropes come equipped with attached aluminum carabiners rated for appropriate loads and should not be mixed with other equipment in RS-1 caches.
    • The tension strength of a 75-foot, 8.5 mm Bluewater Econoline rope is around 4000 pounds.

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