Filipino Language: Identity and Progress

• Claims the Philippines is multilingual due to colonization from Europe, North America, and Asia
• Colonization influenced civilization, culture, and language
• Freedom came a century ago, but the shadow of lost freedom remains in lifestyle and education
• English still has a strong hold despite Spain colonizing the country longer than the U.S.
• The U.S. taught their language to show care, while Spain withheld theirs
• English became popular in education, especially in colleges and universities
• Filipino is being used as a medium of instruction with mother tongue-based/multilingual education
• However, most universities have not followed this provision
• English is still preferred in many colleges and universities
• Units discuss courses under humanities and social sciences and the status of Filipino in these fields
• Examples of humanities and social sciences articles using Filipino

Objectives

• Explain the connection between language, collective identity, and national progress
• Develop Filipino as a medium for inter/multidisciplinary discourse and research rooted in the realities of Philippine society
• Read and summarize information from articles in humanities and social sciences

Language situation in the humanities and social sciences

• Filipino language should be used as medium of instruction but many schools do not follow the policy
• English has a strong hold on the education system
• English proficiency gives better opportunities for jobs, which leads to a higher economic status
• The illusion of better opportunities hinders the enrichment of Filipino as medium
• 10 major universities still nurture Filipino
• De La Salle, Ateneo, UP use Filipino in philosophy, political science, economics, law, history, literature
• Scholars conduct research in these universities
• Scholarly journals such as Malay, Daluyan, Lagda, Hasaan, Kritika, publish these researches

Humanities vs Social Sciences

• Humanities started earlier; both talk about people and society
• Many theorists of social sciences come from the humanities
• Fields have specific terminologies called Registers

Humanities

• The goal is how to be human
• Focus on human thought, condition, and culture
• Meant doing to make people humane and improve the minds of society
• Includes Literature (Language, theater), Philosophy (Religion), Visual Arts (film, theater, dance)

Methods in humanities

• Analytical, critical, and speculative
• Analytical approach organizes info into categories and groups
• Critical approach uses interpretation, argument, evaluation, and opinion
• Speculative approach identifies scenarios, strategies, or methods for analysis, thinking, and writing
• Description, listing, chronology, cause and effect, comparison are examples of approaches

Writing styles in humanities

• Informational - Factual background information
• Imaginative - Creative works in literature
• Persuasive - To persuade readers

Social Sciences

• Academic field that studies humans, their nature, activities, lifestyle and their effects
• Concerned with humans and culture but seen as type of science
• Uses scientific approach: survey, observation, research
• Methods or analyses are dayakroniko (historical) and sinkroniko (descriptive)
• French Revolution and Industrial Revolution influenced the field
• Recognizes Diderot, Rousseau, Bacon, Descartes, Locke, Hume, Newton, Franklin, Jefferson, Marx, Weber and Durkheim

Disciplines in Social Sciences

• Sociology - study of human behavior and uses empirical observation and method
• Psychology - the study of human behavior and uses observation.
• Linguistics - study of language system; phonetics, morphology, applies descriptive or historical approach

Continued disciplines in social science

• Anthropology - study of people to understand cultures using participant-observation
• History - study of past to connect to the present, using narrative
• Geography - study of human societies to understand the world
• Political Science - the study of politics and uses empirical analysis
• Economics - study of production, distribution and their effect on life
• Area Studies - interdisciplinary study related to the location
• Archaeology - study of relics and artifact
• Religion - study of a system of beliefs

Writing styles in social sciences

• Simple, impersonal, certain, argumentative, persuasion
• Non-fiction
• Report, essay, research, news editorials

Writing Process

• Identify writing style
• Identify topic
• Clarify the topic
• Determining how to get data
• Gathering data
• Data collection
• Writing
• Citing sources

History and Role of Translation to Filipino

• Plays an important role in enriching Filipino language in society
• Translation during Spanish era were religious and literary documents
• Translation of materials grew during the American and Japanese eras
• Translation of Latin word “translatio”
• Translation is not a simple transliteration of words
• Translation is a skill requiring lingual expertise

Translation consist of

• Closest equivalent
• Equivalent of thoughts
• Reproducing in natural language
• Attempt to replace

Role of Language

• Add information
• Incorporate national language
• Enrich language

Types of translation

• Literary – to create masterpiece
• Scientific – communication

History of Translation

• Started when Spanish colonizers converted Filipinos into Christianity
• Language barrier because the languages are too diverse
• The solution was to translate catechism books

American Imperialism

• Ended Spanish colonization
• Expand economy
• Military defense
• Spread protestantism

Translation during the American era

• Filipino literature grew because it was translated into English
• Tagalog became the medium and pilit deleted the use of English
• KWF is translating classical books

Responsibilities of translation in Filipino

• Manifest intellectual discourse
• Develop vocabulary
• Store knowledge
• Bridge in academics
• Improves pedagogical language