Unit 1 Quest NBE3UG

• Figurative language is a use of words or phrases in a non-literal way

Alliteration

• Repetition of an initial consonant sound.

Allusion

• Reference to a person, place, poem, books, or events that are not part of the main story.
• The author expects the reader to recognize the reference.

Anaphora

• Repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or verses.
• Contrast with epiphora and epistrophe.

Antithesis

• Juxtaposition of contrasting ideas in a balanced phrase.
• Example: "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times."

Apostrophe

• Breaking off discourse to address an absent person or thing.
• Can also address an abstract quality, an inanimate object, or a nonexistent character.

Assonance

• Identity or similarity in sound between internal vowels in neighboring words.
• Example: "I beat when I speak because I just got fleeced."

Chiasmus

• Verbal pattern where the second half of an expression is balanced against the first, but with the parts reversed.
• Example: "You forget what you want to remember, and you remember what you want to forget."

Euphemism

• Substitution of an inoffensive term for one considered offensively explicit.

Hyperbole

• Extravagant statement using exaggerated terms for emphasis or heightened effect.

Irony

• Use of words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning.
• A statement or situation where the meaning is contradicted by the appearance or presentation of the idea.
  • Verbal Irony: Intended meaning of a statement differs from the apparent meaning.
  • Situational Irony: Incongruity between what is expected or intended and what actually occurs.
  • Dramatic Irony: Audience knows more about present or future circumstances than a character in the story.

Litotes

• Consists of understanding in which an affirmative is expressed by negating its opposite.
• Example: “Are you also aware, Mrs. Bueller, that Ferris does not have what we consider to be an exemplary attendance record?"

Metaphor

• Implied comparison highlighting a shared quality.
• It is made between two dissimilar things that actually have something important in common

Metonymy

• Figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another closely associated with it.
• Rhetorical strategy of describing something indirectly by referring to things around it.
• Example: "crown" represents "royalty."

Onomatopoeia

• Use of words to imitate sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.

Oxymoron

• Figure of speech using incongruous or contradictory terms side by side.

Paradox

• A statement that appears self-contradictory but contains a truth.

Personification

• Attributing human qualities or abilities to inanimate objects or abstractions.

Pun

• Play on words, using different senses of the same word, or similar senses/sounds of different words.

Simile

• A stated comparison.
• Often uses "like" or "as."
• Comparison is between two fundamentally dissimilar things with shared qualities.

Synecdoche

• Figure of speech in which a part represents the whole.
• Example: "ABCs" represents "alphabet".
• Or the whole that represents a part.
• Example: "England won the World Cup in 1966."

Understatement or Meiosis

• Figure of speech where a situation is deliberately made to seem less important or serious.

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