Podcast
Questions and Answers
In quantitative research, what term do psychologists prefer to use instead of 'variable'?
In quantitative research, what term do psychologists prefer to use instead of 'variable'?
- Abstract idea
- Construct (correct)
- Attributes
- Characteristics
What distinguishes variables in quantitative research?
What distinguishes variables in quantitative research?
- Measurement and observation
- Precedence and definition
- Abstractness and connotation
- Temporal order and causation (correct)
What do independent variables in quantitative research (probably) do?
What do independent variables in quantitative research (probably) do?
- Are the outcomes of the study
- Are observed over time
- Depend on other variables
- Are manipulated by researchers (correct)
What are other names for dependent variables in quantitative research?
What are other names for dependent variables in quantitative research?
What is the role of dependent variables in quantitative research?
What is the role of dependent variables in quantitative research?
How are variables distinguished in quantitative research?
How are variables distinguished in quantitative research?
Which type of variable stands between the independent and dependent variables and mediates the effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable?
Which type of variable stands between the independent and dependent variables and mediates the effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable?
What is an example of an intervening variable in a research methods test scenario?
What is an example of an intervening variable in a research methods test scenario?
Which type of variable affects the direction and/or strength of the relationship between independent and dependent variables?
Which type of variable affects the direction and/or strength of the relationship between independent and dependent variables?
What are new variables constructed by a researcher by taking one variable and multiplying it by another to determine the joint impact of both on the dependent variable called?
What are new variables constructed by a researcher by taking one variable and multiplying it by another to determine the joint impact of both on the dependent variable called?
In a quantitative research study, what are related to answer a research question or to make predictions?
In a quantitative research study, what are related to answer a research question or to make predictions?
What do hypotheses in a research study make predictions about?
What do hypotheses in a research study make predictions about?
Which level of theory provides explanations limited to small slices of time, space, or numbers of people?
Which level of theory provides explanations limited to small slices of time, space, or numbers of people?
Which level of theory explains larger aggregates such as social institutions, cultural systems, and whole societies?
Which level of theory explains larger aggregates such as social institutions, cultural systems, and whole societies?
Flashcards
Construct
Construct
A term preferred over 'variable' in quantitative research by psychologists.
Temporal Order and Causation
Temporal Order and Causation
Key distinguishing features of variables in quantitative research.
Independent Variables
Independent Variables
Variables that are manipulated by researchers in quantitative studies.
Dependent Variables
Dependent Variables
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Measurement and Observation
Measurement and Observation
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Intervening Variable
Intervening Variable
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Example of Intervening Variable
Example of Intervening Variable
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Moderating Variable
Moderating Variable
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Constructed Variables
Constructed Variables
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Research Variables
Research Variables
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Hypotheses Predictions
Hypotheses Predictions
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Micro-Level Theories
Micro-Level Theories
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Macro-Level Theories
Macro-Level Theories
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Study Notes
Quantitative Research Terminology and Variables
- Psychologists prefer the term "construct" instead of "variable" in quantitative research.
- Variables are distinguished by their roles and relationships in research—specifically independent, dependent, and intervening constructs.
Independent and Dependent Variables
- Independent variables are believed to influence or cause changes in dependent variables.
- Dependent variables are also referred to as outcome variables or response variables, as they are the effects being measured.
- The role of dependent variables is to serve as an outcome that reflects the influence of the independent variables.
Intervening Variables
- Intervening variables act as a mediator between independent and dependent variables, helping to explain the relationship between them.
- An example of an intervening variable could be "motivation" in a study examining the impact of teaching methods on student performance.
Moderating Variables
- Moderating variables affect the strength and direction of the relationship between independent and dependent variables, indicating how different conditions may alter outcomes.
Constructed Variables
- New variables created by researchers through the combination of existing variables—such as multiplication or other statistical methods—are termed composite variables, used to assess joint impacts on dependent outcomes.
Research Questions and Hypotheses
- Variables in a quantitative study are crucial for answering research questions or making precise predictions.
- Hypotheses in research studies make predictions about the expected relationships and outcomes between variables.
Levels of Theory
- Micro-level theories provide explanations that are limited to specific cases or settings, such as small groups or individuals.
- Macro-level theories explain broader phenomena, encompassing larger aggregates like social institutions, cultures, or entire societies.
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