Org. Change Ch. 6 (T&F)

25 Questions

Which leadership style prioritizes serving others and encourages leadership development?

Servant-leadership

What are the attributes of authentic leaders based on the text?

Empathy, humility, and emotional intelligence

According to the text, what are the early warning signs of derailing leaders?

Poor results, narrow perspectives, and poor team building

Which approach to change is typically associated with lower levels in the organization?

Incremental adjustment

In the context of gender and leadership, which leadership style are women more likely to adopt?

Relational, participative, and transformational styles

According to the Trait Theories from the 1950s, what are the six proposed traits of successful leaders?

Intelligence, extroversion, dominance, masculinity, conservatism, and being more adjusted than non-leaders

What did the Michigan studies identify as two independent dimensions of leadership style?

Consideration and initiating structure

Which theory suggested that leadership can be learned and focused on a leader's actions rather than thinking?

Behavioural Style Theories from the 1960s

In the context of leadership, what does the term 'consideration' refer to?

The degree to which a leader builds trust and mutual respect

What is emphasized in the Contingency and Situational Approaches to Leadership?

The importance of situational variables in determining appropriate leadership style

Which leadership category involves working together to achieve a shared goal?

Collaborative

According to Dunphy and Stace, which approach to managing change involves a charismatic leader driving transformation?

Charismatic transformation

What technique, developed by Kurt Lewin, is used to identify forces for and against change?

Force-field analysis

What type of resistance to change involves negative emotions and feelings towards the proposed change?

Affective resistance

According to Northouse (2013), how is leadership defined?

A process of influencing a group to achieve a common goal

In the context of change readiness and urgency, what communication strategy may be required for low readiness/high urgency scenarios?

Rapid injection of new personnel

According to Tony Watson (1994), how did he define management?

Organizing and pulling things together for short-term organizational survival

According to Henri Fayol, what are the five functions of management?

Planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating, controlling

Mintzberg (1979) grouped managerial roles into three sets. Which set includes the roles of Monitor, Disseminator, and Spokesman?

Informational roles

Which leadership model suggests that leaders are born, not made?

Great Man Theories (1840s)

According to Fiedler's contingency model of leadership, which situational variables determine the best style of leadership?

Leader-member relationships, task structure, and positional power

Which theory of leadership suggests that a leader's success is judged by whether followers achieve their goals, and proposes four behaviors: directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented?

Path-goal theory of leadership

According to Hersey and Blanchard's situational theory of leadership, a leader's style depends on the maturity and readiness of:

The followers to undertake tasks

Which factor is NOT considered in Quinn's organizational models for different leadership styles?

Task structure and positional power

Which theory emphasizes the importance of leaders having social responsibilities, and highlights engagement as important for motivation, retention, effort, creativity, and productivity?

Pro-social theories of leadership

Study Notes

The forces that influence leadership include the relationships and support from subordinates, the nature of the situation, and the leader's style and behavior.
Fiedler's contingency model of leadership: three situational variables that determine the best style of leadership – leader-member relationships, task structure, and positional power.
Hersey and Blanchard's situational theory: a leader's style depends on the maturity and readiness of followers to undertake tasks.
Path-goal theory of leadership: a leader's success is judged by whether followers achieve their goals, and four behaviors suggested: directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented.
Two dominant situational factors for path-goal theory: the characteristics of followers and the nature of the task or job.
Quinn's organizational models: four models distinguished by adaptability and flexibility versus stability and control, and outward or internal focus.
Problems with contingency and situational theory: too many contingent variables, disagreement regarding why some variables should be included, and inconsistencies with observed leadership behaviors.
Pro-social theories of leadership: leaders have social responsibilities, and engagement is important for motivation, retention, effort, creativity, and productivity.
Emotional intelligence (EI) is important for leadership: self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills.
Transformational leadership: four dimensions – charisma, inspiration, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration.
Fiedler's theory: best style of leadership depends on situational variables – leader-member relationships, task structure, and positional power.
Hersey and Blanchard: leader's style depends on followers' maturity and readiness to undertake tasks.
Path-goal theory: leader's success is judged by whether followers achieve goals, and four suggested behaviors – directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented.
Quinn's models: four organizational models distinguished by adaptability and flexibility versus stability and control, and outward or internal focus.
Pro-social theories: leaders have social responsibilities, and engagement is important for motivation, retention, effort, creativity, and productivity.
Emotional intelligence: important for leadership, consisting of self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills.
Transformational leadership: consists of charisma, inspiration, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration.
Quinn's models propose different leadership styles for different organizational models.
Problems with contingency and situational theories: too many variables, disagreement on which to include, inconsistencies with observed leadership behaviors.
Pro-social theories: approaches to leadership based on social responsibilities and engagement.
Emotional intelligence: essential for leadership and consists of self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills.
Transformational leadership: consists of charisma, inspiration, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration.
Fiedler's theory: best style of leadership depends on situational variables – leader-member relationships, task structure, and positional power.
Hersey and Blanchard: leader's style depends on followers' maturity and readiness to undertake tasks.
Path-goal theory: leader's success is judged by whether followers achieve their goals, and four suggested behaviors – directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented.
Quinn's models: propose different leadership styles for different organizational models.
Problems with contingency and situational theories: too many variables, disagreement on which to include, inconsistencies with observed leadership behaviors.
Pro-social theories: approaches to leadership based on social responsibilities and engagement.
Emotional intelligence: essential for leadership and consists of self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills.
Transformational leadership: consists of charisma, inspiration, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration.
Fiedler's theory: best style of leadership depends on situational variables – leader-member relationships, task structure, and positional power.
Hersey and Blanchard: leader's style depends on followers' maturity and readiness to undertake tasks.
Path-goal theory: leader's success is judged by whether followers achieve their goals, and four suggested behaviors – directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented.
Quinn's models: propose different leadership styles for different organizational models.
Problems with contingency and situational theories: too many variables, disagreement on which to include, inconsistencies with observed leadership behaviors.
Pro-social theories: approaches to leadership based on social responsibilities and engagement.
Emotional intelligence: essential for leadership and consists of self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills.
Transformational leadership: consists of charisma, inspiration, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration.
Fiedler's theory: best style of leadership depends on situational variables – leader-member relations, task structure, and positional power.
Hersey and Blanchard: leader's style depends on followers' maturity and readiness to undertake tasks.
Path-goal theory: leader's success is judged by whether followers achieve their goals, and four suggested behaviors – directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented.
Quinn's models: propose different leadership styles for different organizational models.
Problems with contingency and situational theories: too many variables, disagreement on which to include, inconsistencies with observed leadership behaviors.
Pro-social theories: approaches to leadership based on social responsibilities and engagement.
Emotional intelligence: essential for leadership and consists of self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills.
Transformational leadership: consists of charisma, inspiration, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration.
Fiedler's theory: best style of leadership depends on situational variables – leader-member relations, task structure, and positional power.
Hersey and Blanchard: leader's style depends on followers' maturity and readiness to undertake tasks.
Path-goal theory: leader's success is judged by whether followers achieve their goals, and four suggested behaviors – directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented.
Quinn's models: propose different leadership styles for different organizational models.
Problems with contingency and situational theories: too many variables, disagreement on which to include, inconsistencies with observed leadership behaviors.
Pro-social theories: approaches to leadership based on social responsibilities and engagement.
Emotional intelligence: essential for leadership and consists of self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills.
Transformational leadership: consists of charisma, inspiration, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration.
Fiedler's theory: best style of leadership depends on situational variables – leader-member relations, task structure, and positional power.
Hersey and Blanchard: leader's style depends on followers' maturity and readiness to undertake tasks.
Path-goal theory: leader's success is judged by whether followers achieve their goals, and four suggested behaviors – directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented.
Quinn's models: propose different leadership styles for different organizational models.
Problems with contingency and situational theories: too many variables, disagreement on which to include, inconsistencies with observed leadership behaviors.
Pro-social theories: approaches to leadership based on social responsibilities and engagement.
Emotional intelligence: essential for leadership and consists of self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills.
Transformational leadership: consists of charisma, inspiration, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration.
Fiedler's theory: best style of leadership depends on situational variables – leader-member relations, task structure, and positional power.
Hersey and Blanchard: leader's style depends on followers' maturity and readiness to undertake tasks.
Path-goal theory: leader's success is judged by whether followers achieve their goals, and four suggested behaviors – directive, supportive, participative, and achievement-oriented.
Quinn's models: propose different leadership styles for different organizational models.
Problems with contingency and situational theories: too many variables, disagreement on which to include, inconsistencies with observed leadership behaviors.
Pro-social theories: approaches to leadership based on social responsibilities and engagement.
Emotional intelligence: essential for leadership and consists of self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills.
Transformational leadership: consists of charisma, inspiration, intellectual stimulation, and individualized consideration.

Test your knowledge of Fiedler's contingency model of leadership, which considers situational variables to determine the best leadership style. Explore the forces in subordinates and the situation that influence leadership approach.

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