R 99 - 2

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Questions and Answers

According to the text, who has the authority to amend the Contract?

  • The Engineer
  • The Contractor
  • The Engineer's staff
  • The Employer (correct)

In accordance with the text, who can the Employer set off against or make deductions from an amount certified in a Payment Certificate?

  • The Contractor (correct)
  • The Engineer's staff
  • The Engineer
  • Any party involved in the Contract

According to the text, who is responsible for carrying out the duties assigned in the Contract?

  • The Contractor
  • The Engineer (correct)
  • The Employer
  • The Engineer's staff

As per the text, who is competent to carry out the duties assigned to the Engineer?

<p>The Engineer's staff (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, who may exercise the authority attributable to the Engineer as specified in the Contract?

<p>The Engineer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the text, who is entitled to be paid by the Contractor?

<p>The Employer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, who has the authority to include a deduction in the Contract Price and Payment Certificates?

<p>The Engineer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for providing all necessary documents, personnel, goods, and services for the design, execution, completion, and remedying of defects in the construction project?

<p>The Contractor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the Contractor required to obtain a Performance Security?

<p>For proper performance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances can the Employer claim the full amount of the Performance Security?

<p>Failure to extend its validity or failure to pay an amount due (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who must appoint a Contractor’s Representative to act on the Contractor’s behalf under the Contract?

<p>The Contractor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action must the Contractor take if the appointed Contractor’s Representative fails to act?

<p>Submit another suitable person for appointment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When must the Contractor submit the Performance Security to the Employer?

<p>Within 28 days after receiving the Letter of Acceptance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Employer obligated to do regarding damages resulting from a claim under the Performance Security?

<p>Indemnify and hold the Contractor harmless to the extent the claim was not entitled (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who can the Engineer delegate duties and authority to, as stated in the Particular Conditions?

<p>Only qualified and competent assistants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of failure to disapprove work by the Engineer's assistants?

<p>It constitutes approval (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When must the Contractor comply with instructions and modified drawings issued by the Engineer?

<p>Only if they constitute a Variation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the requirement for oral instructions from the Engineer?

<p>They require written confirmation from the Contractor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the Contractor obligated to design, execute, complete the Works according to the Contract and Engineer's instructions?

<p>At all times during the project (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances can the Contractor object to the replacement of the Engineer by the Employer?

<p>If the Contractor has valid reasons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of the Contractor's failure to reject oral instructions from the Engineer?

<p>The confirmation becomes the written instruction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to FIDIC Conditions of Contract for Construction, what is required for the Engineer to exercise certain authority?

<p>Approval from the Employer as stated in the Particular Conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario can the Employer impose additional constraints on the Engineer's authority?

<p>With the Contractor's agreement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect when the Engineer exercises approved authority?

<p>It is deemed that the Employer has given approval (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for the Engineer to delegate duties and authority to assistants?

<p>Delegations must be in writing and communicated to both Parties to take effect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of instructions and acts by assistants, according to FIDIC Conditions of Contract for Construction?

<p>They have the same effect as if done by the Engineer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the requirement for oral instructions from the Engineer to the Contractor?

<p>Written confirmation from the Contractor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario can the Contractor object to the replacement of the Engineer?

<p>If the Contractor has valid reasons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, under what circumstances is the Contractor required to obtain the Engineer’s prior consent for appointing a replacement person?

<p>When the Contractor’s Representative is temporarily absent from the Site during the execution of the Works (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

As per the text, who is responsible for the acts or defaults of any Subcontractor, his agents, or employees?

<p>The Contractor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, when does a subcontract need to include provisions which would entitle the Employer to require the subcontract to be assigned to the Employer?

<p>When the Subcontractor’s obligations extend beyond the expiry date of the relevant Defects Notification Period (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what must the Contractor do if the Engineer instructs the Contractor to assign the benefit of a Subcontractor’s obligations to the Employer?

<p>The Contractor must do so before the expiry date of the relevant Defects Notification Period (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In accordance with the text, under what circumstances does an instruction to the Contractor to allow appropriate opportunities for carrying out work to the Employer’s Personnel constitute a Variation?

<p>When it causes the Contractor to incur Unforeseeable Cost (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

As per the text, who is responsible for submitting Contractor’s Documents to the Engineer in the time and manner stated in the Specification?

<p>The Contractor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, who may exercise the authority to amend the Contract?

<p>The Engineer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When must the Contractor obtain the prior consent of the Engineer for other proposed Subcontractors?

<p>When the Subcontractor's obligations extend beyond the expiry date of the relevant Defects Notification Period (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, who is required to be fluent in the language for communications defined in Sub-Clause 1.4 [Law and Language]?

<p>The Contractor’s Representative and all competent persons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for appointing a suitable replacement person when the Contractor’s Representative is temporarily absent from the Site?

<p>The Contractor’s Representative (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When can the Contractor delegate any powers, functions, and authority to any competent person?

<p>After receiving approval from the Engineer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances can the Contractor be required to obtain consent for proposed Subcontractors?

<p>If the Subcontractor is not named in the Contract (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of failure to assign the benefit of a Subcontractor’s obligations to the Employer when instructed by the Engineer?

<p>Contractor becomes liable for the Subcontractor's obligations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does an instruction to allow appropriate opportunities for carrying out work to the Employer’s Personnel constitute a Variation?

<p>If it causes the Contractor to incur Unforeseeable Cost (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for submitting Contractor’s Documents to the Engineer in the time and manner stated in the Specification?

<p>The Contractor’s Representative (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of the Contractor’s failure to comply with instructions and modified drawings issued by the Engineer?

<p>Contractor is in breach of Contract (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is the Contractor required to obtain consent for suppliers of Materials?

<p>If otherwise stated in the Particular Conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of the Contractor’s failure to obtain consent for other proposed Subcontractors?

<p>Contractor is in breach of Contract (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Who can amend the Contract?

The Employer has the authority to modify the Contract.

Who can the Employer deduct from?

The Employer can deduct from or set off amounts certified in Payment Certificates against the Contractor.

Who is responsible for carrying out Contract duties?

The Engineer is responsible for carrying out the duties assigned in the Contract.

Who is competent to do the Engineer's work?

The Engineer's staff has the competence to perform duties assigned to the Engineer.

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Who has the authority of the Engineer?

The Engineer can exercise the authority specified in the Contract regarding the project.

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Who is entitled to be paid by the Contractor?

The Contractor is obligated to pay the Employer the amount of money due.

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Who can deduct from the Contract Price?

The Engineer has the authority to include deductions in the Contract Price and Payment Certificates.

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Who's responsible for project resources?

The Contractor is responsible for providing all necessary documents, personnel, goods, and services for the project.

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When is Performance Security required?

The Contractor is required to obtain a Performance Security to ensure proper project execution.

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When can the Employer claim Performance Security?

The Employer can claim the full amount of the Performance Security if the Contractor fails to extend its validity or pay due amounts.

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Who appoints a Contractor's Representative?

The Contractor must appoint a representative to act on their behalf under the Contract.

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What happens if Contractor's Representative fails?

If the appointed Contractor's Representative fails to act, the Contractor must submit another suitable person.

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When is Performance Security submitted?

The Contractor must submit the Performance Security to the Employer within 28 days after receiving the Letter of Acceptance.

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What is the Employer's obligation regarding Performance Security?

The Employer is obligated to indemnify and hold the Contractor harmless to the extent the claim under the Performance Security was not entitled.

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Who can the Engineer delegate to?

The Engineer can delegate duties and authority to qualified and competent assistants, as stated in the Particular Conditions.

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What happens if Engineer's assistants don't disapprove?

If the Engineer's assistants fail to disapprove work, it is considered approved.

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When does the Contractor comply with Engineer's instructions?

The Contractor must comply with instructions and modified drawings issued by the Engineer only if they constitute a Variation.

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What's the requirement for oral instructions?

Oral instructions from the Engineer must be confirmed in writing by the Contractor.

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When is the Contractor obligated to follow instructions?

The Contractor is obligated to design, execute, and complete the Works according to the Contract and Engineer's instructions at all times.

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When can the Contractor object to Engineer replacement?

The Contractor can object to the replacement of the Engineer by the Employer if there are valid reasons.

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What's the effect of the Contractor's inaction?

If the Contractor fails to reject oral instructions from the Engineer, the confirmation becomes the written instruction.

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What's required for the Engineer's authority?

For the Engineer to exercise certain authority, approval from the Employer is required, as stated in the Particular Conditions.

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How can the Employer restrict the Engineer's power?

The Employer can impose additional constraints on the Engineer's authority with the Contractor's agreement.

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What's the effect of the Engineer's approved actions?

When the Engineer exercises approved authority, it is considered that the Employer has given approval.

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What's required for the Engineer's delegation?

The Engineer must delegate duties and authority to assistants in writing and communicate it to both parties for it to be effective.

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What's the effect of the assistants' actions?

Instructions and acts by assistants have the same effect as if done by the Engineer.

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What's the requirement for Engineer's oral instructions?

The Contractor needs to confirm oral instructions from the Engineer in writing.

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When can the Contractor object to the Engineer's replacement?

The Contractor can object to the replacement of the Engineer if they have valid reasons.

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When does the Contractor need consent for a replacement?

The Contractor must obtain the Engineer's prior consent for appointing a replacement person if the Contractor's Representative is temporarily absent.

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Who's responsible for the Subcontractor's actions?

The Contractor is responsible for the acts or defaults of any Subcontractor, their agents, or employees.

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When must a subcontract include provision for assignment?

A subcontract must include provisions that would entitle the Employer to require its assignment if the Subcontractor's obligations extend beyond the Defects Notification Period.

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What must the Contractor do if instructed to assign a Subcontractor's obligations?

If the Engineer instructs the Contractor to assign the benefit of a Subcontractor's obligations to the Employer, the Contractor must do so before the expiry date of the relevant Defects Notification Period.

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When does an instruction to allow work to the Employer's personnel become a Variation?

An instruction to allow appropriate opportunities for carrying out work to the Employer's Personnel constitutes a Variation if it causes the Contractor to incur Unforeseeable Cost.

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Who is responsible for submitting Contractor's Documents?

The Contractor is responsible for submitting Contractor's Documents to the Engineer in the time and manner stated in the Specification.

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Who can amend the Contract?

The Engineer may exercise the authority to amend the Contract.

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When does the Contractor need consent for other Subcontractors?

The Contractor must obtain the Engineer's prior consent for other proposed Subcontractors if the Subcontractor's obligations extend beyond the expiry date of the relevant Defects Notification Period.

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Who must be fluent in the language for communications?

The Contractor's Representative and all competent persons must be fluent in the language for communications defined in the Contract.

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Who appoints a replacement for the absent Representative?

The Contractor is responsible for appointing a suitable replacement person when the Contractor's Representative is temporarily absent from the Site.

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When can the Contractor delegate powers and authority?

The Contractor can delegate any powers, functions, and authority to any competent person after receiving approval from the Engineer.

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When is consent required for Subcontractors?

The Contractor may be required to obtain consent for proposed Subcontractors if the Subcontractor is not named in the Contract.

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What happens if the Contractor fails to assign a Subcontractor's obligations?

If the Contractor fails to assign the benefit of a Subcontractor's obligations to the Employer when instructed by the Engineer, the Contractor becomes liable for the Subcontractor's obligations.

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When does allowing work for the Employer's Personnel become a Variation?

An instruction to allow appropriate opportunities for carrying out work to the Employer's Personnel constitutes a Variation if it causes the Contractor to incur Unforeseeable Cost.

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Who is responsible for submitting Contractor's Documents?

The Contractor's Representative is responsible for submitting Contractor's Documents to the Engineer in the time and manner stated in the Specification.

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What happens if the Contractor fails to comply with instructions?

The Contractor is in breach of Contract if they fail to comply with instructions and modified drawings issued by the Engineer.

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When is consent required for suppliers of Materials?

The Contractor is required to obtain consent for suppliers of Materials if otherwise stated in the Particular Conditions.

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What happens if the Contractor fails to obtain consent for Subcontractors?

The Contractor is in breach of Contract if they fail to obtain consent for other proposed Subcontractors.

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Study Notes

FIDIC Conditions of Contract for Construction

  • The Engineer needs approval from the Employer before exercising certain authority, as stated in the Particular Conditions.
  • The Employer cannot impose additional constraints on the Engineer's authority without the Contractor's agreement.
  • When the Engineer exercises approved authority, it is deemed that the Employer has given approval.
  • The Engineer can delegate duties and authority to assistants, including resident engineers and independent inspectors.
  • Delegations must be in writing and communicated to both Parties to take effect.
  • Assistants must be qualified, competent, and fluent in the contract language.
  • Instructions and acts by assistants have the same effect as if done by the Engineer, but failure to disapprove work does not constitute approval.
  • The Engineer can issue instructions and modified drawings to the Contractor, who must comply with them, especially if they constitute a Variation.
  • Oral instructions from the Engineer require written confirmation from the Contractor, and without rejection, the confirmation becomes the written instruction.
  • If the Employer plans to replace the Engineer, the Contractor must be notified in advance and can object with valid reasons.
  • When the Engineer needs to agree or determine any matter, they must consult with both Parties and make a fair determination.
  • The Contractor is obligated to design, execute, complete the Works according to the Contract and Engineer's instructions, and remedy any defects.

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