Feudalism and Capitalism Welfare Systems
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Questions and Answers

What is a key characteristic of a laissez-faire economic system?

  • High levels of government oversight
  • No government interference in transactions (correct)
  • Rigorous regulations on private businesses
  • Mandatory welfare programs for all citizens

    • What does Keynesian economics primarily advocate for?

  • Government intervention to stabilize the economy (correct)
  • Minimal government spending to encourage growth
  • Complete deregulation of the market
  • Maximizing private profits without restriction

    • Which of the following best describes monetarism?

  • Emphasizing high taxes and welfare benefits
  • Controlling inflation by regulating the money supply (correct)
  • Focusing on increasing government spending
  • Promoting free market solutions without oversight

    • Which economic approach supports the idea of a Welfare State?

    <p>Keynesian economics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would a laissez-faire approach be ideally applied?

    <p>Free market conditions with minimal restrictions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critique associated with monetarism in the Canadian context?

    <p>No efforts to cut taxes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Keynesian economics suggests direct support for which group during economic downturns?

    <p>The unemployed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a principle related to laissez-faire economics?

    <p>State intervention in market dynamics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which economic approach would most likely oppose high taxes and government spending?

    <p>Laissez-faire</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Keynesian economics, what is considered a critical step to prevent economic issues?

    <p>Providing direct support to the unemployed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes contributory programs?

    <p>Require resources to be pooled from the public</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of program is generally more costly for governments to administer?

    <p>In-kind programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of selective programs?

    <p>Focus benefits on specific demographics or needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents an example of a cash program?

    <p>Unemployment insurance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of social policy, what does secondary distribution refer to?

    <p>Government intervention to redistribute wealth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT typically classified as an in-kind program?

    <p>Childcare deductions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes universal programs from other types of social programs?

    <p>They provide benefits without means testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary drawback of in-kind programs compared to cash programs?

    <p>They are less cost-effective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a non-contributory program?

    <p>Ontario Disability Support Program (ODSP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What underlies the necessity for specific social policies in a capitalist economy?

    <p>Ideological and political justifications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which economic system led to the establishment of community welfare due to its reliance on land and resources?

    <p>Feudalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major event led to the implementation of the Statute of Laborers?

    <p>The Black Death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'less eligibility' refer to in the context of welfare systems?

    <p>Standards for living conditions among the poor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key characteristic of the Poor Law system?

    <p>Distinction between deserving and undeserving poor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which economic theory emphasizes government intervention to safeguard the economy from competitors?

    <p>Mercantilism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The movement from rural areas to cities, leading to the decline of community welfare, was primarily driven by what economic system?

    <p>Capitalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the result of the government's response to labor needs post-Black Death?

    <p>Introduction of the Statute of Laborers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The economic policy aimed at maximizing benefits from colonies with minimal investment is known as what?

    <p>Mercantilism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes indoor relief as part of the Poor Law system?

    <p>Institutional care provided to the poor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary change did capitalism bring about in relation to community welfare systems?

    <p>Dissolution of social safety nets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of needs are universally assumed and often provided in social policies?

    <p>Assumed needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes social insurance?

    <p>Programs that protect against social risks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary focus of programs related to investment in human capital?

    <p>Education and skills training</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Keynesian economics suggest achieving social stability?

    <p>By manipulating social expenditures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of needs best describes those linked to personal situations like medical requirements?

    <p>Circumstantial needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of compensation programs in social policy?

    <p>Delivering financial recompense for losses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option represents a method of ensuring economic growth and stability by reallocating financial resources?

    <p>Shifting expenditures from business to taxpayers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do job search information programs primarily facilitate?

    <p>Information about employment opportunities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following programs specifically targets the educational needs of individuals in the workforce?

    <p>Skills training programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of income needs in social policy?

    <p>They focus on financial requirements related to poverty relief.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Feudalism and Community Welfare

    • Land and resources were the primary means of production during feudalism.
    • Communities were responsible for the well-being of their members.

    Capitalism and the Shift in Welfare Systems

    • Capitalism caused people to move from rural areas to cities for work, dismantling traditional community welfare systems.
    • New approaches to welfare were needed to support growing urban populations.

    The Statute of Laborers

    • The Black Death led to a labor shortage and workers demanded better conditions.
    • The Statute of Laborers forced workers to return to their masters and accept whatever employment was available.
    • This response by the government favored employers and highlighted the need for new welfare approaches.

    The Poor Law

    • The Poor Law distinguished between deserving and undeserving poor.
    • The law offered indoor relief (institutional care) and outdoor relief (community-based care).
    • The goal was to provide a minimal standard of living for those in need.

    Economic Theories

    • Mercantilism: Government intervention to protect the economy from competitors.
    • Laissez-faire: No government interference in economic transactions between private entities.
    • Keynesian Economics: Government intervention to prevent economic crises, including direct support for the unemployed.
    • Monetarism: Managing money supply to control inflation, often involving high taxes and limited government spending.

    Types of Programs

    By Type of Financing

    • Contributory Programs: Social insurance programs funded by contributions, like employment insurance.
    • Non-Contributory Programs: Social assistance programs, such as welfare benefits, that are not based on individual contributions.

    By Type of Delivery

    • Cash Programs: Direct financial assistance, such as old-age pensions.
    • In-Kind Programs: Provision of goods and services, such as healthcare and education.

    By Coverage and Amount Transferred

    • Universal Programs: Programs providing benefits to all citizens, like universal healthcare.
    • Selective Programs: Programs targeting specific groups based on need, like means-tested welfare benefits.

    Types of Programs

    Cash Programs

    • Old-age pensions (OAS)
    • Unemployment insurance (EI)
    • Workers' compensation (WC)
    • Social assistance (SA)
    • Veteran pensions

    Tax/Fiscal Measures

    • Childcare deductions
    • Registered retirement savings plans (RRSP)
    • Medical expense deductions

    In-Kind Programs

    • Medicare
    • Social housing
    • Provisions and shelter aid
    • Education
    • Legal aid

    Legislation

    • Minimum wage
    • Employment equity

    Occupational Benefits

    • Health benefits
    • Pension plans
    • Sports and recreational facilities

    Voluntary and Charitable Measures

    • Food banks
    • Shelters
    • Soup kitchens

    Context of Social Policy

    • Social policy is not inherent in capitalism and needs justification.
    • The primary distribution of goods and services happens through the free market.
    • Social welfare involves a redistribution of wealth through taxation, regulations, and programs.

    Needs and Social Policy

    • Needs are socially defined and subject to legitimization.
    • Assumed needs are considered universal, such as child benefits.
    • Income needs are related to poverty relief.
    • Other needs are tied to specific circumstances, like those related to medical or legal situations.

    Social Insurance and Compensation

    • Social insurance programs protect against risks like unemployment or illness.
    • Compensation programs address loss, such as those for workers' compensation or veterans' pensions.

    Investing in Human Capital

    • Education and training programs are crucial.
    • Skills training and retraining programs help individuals adapt to labor market changes.
    • Relocation assistance programs can help individuals find employment opportunities.
    • Job search information programs provide support in finding employment.

    Ensuring Economic Growth and Stability

    • Keynesian economics uses social spending to manage the economy and mitigate social unrest.
    • Shifting expenditures from businesses to taxpayers can achieve social goals.

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    Prehistory of Social Welfare PDF

    Description

    Explore the transition from feudalism to capitalism and its impact on community welfare systems. This quiz examines how historical events like the Black Death and the Statute of Laborers shaped modern welfare approaches, including the distinctions made by the Poor Law. Test your understanding of these critical shifts in social welfare.

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