Feudal System in Britain - Illustrated History

Study Notes

"An Illustrated History of Britain" by David McDowall covers the evolution of Britain's history, focusing on significant events and developments.
The book discusses the establishment and impact of the feudal system in England.

Origin of "feudalism" stems from the French word "feu" meaning land held in return for service.
Central concept: All land owned by the king, held by vassals in exchange for military support and goods.
Nobles received large estates from the king, promising to serve in warfare for specific durations.
Lesser nobles and knights were granted parts of estates in return for service or rent.
Serfs worked on noble lands, bound to the estate and often treated with little freedom, comparable to slavery.

Introduction of stone keeps in Norman castles during the 11th century, replacing wooden motte-and-bailey structures.
Castle Rising in Norfolk exemplifies a well-preserved Norman stone castle.
Great Hall of Castle Headingham (built in 1140) reflects the interior design typical of Norman architecture, with rush-covered floors and simple furnishing.

Mention of the Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer, showcasing the literature of the period.
Illustrated elements highlight the decorative arts, such as woollen embroidered hangings that were prominent in this era.

Thomas Becket is referenced, illustrating tensions between church and state during the monarchy.
Kings exercised power over church appointments, which led to significant conflicts.

The feudal system established economic ties based on land ownership and service, forming the backbone of medieval society.
Nobles and serfs had specific roles, creating a social hierarchy that dictated economic production and responsibilities.